scholarly journals Development of Bacterial Consortia for Solid Waste Degradation and its Use as Organic Manure

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suparna Deepak
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Bacterial Consortia ◽  
Organic Solid ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Waste Degradation

Solid waste disposal has become a big concern all over the world. Almost 50% of the municipal waste collected daily, especially in the metropolitan cities where the population is very high, consists of organic solid waste. This organic waste left in the open dumping grounds results in stench and contamination of groundwater. The present study aims to find out the utilization of effective microbial consortia for decomposing the organic waste. Different garbage samples was collected from Panvel area for isolating the effective organic waste degrading organisms. These strains were characterized by microscopic observations and biochemical tests. Their cellulolytic, proteolytic, amylolytic and lipoolytic activities were evaluated. Depending on these enzyme activities, different consortia were prepared and their efficacy in reduction, maturity and deodorization of organic waste was compared. The plant growth promoting effect of this degraded waste on Triticum aestivum (wheat) and Zea mays (maize) was evaluated. 5 Different Microbial Consortium was developed. Microbial consortia increased the efficacy of composting as compared to control. Consortia no. 1 and 5 showed better degrading ability. Consortia 4 and 5 facilitated the best growth for Wheat and Maize respectively. Consortia 2 showed the best result in terms of germination and growth for both wheat and maize

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF COMPOSTING TIME AND COMPOSITION OF ORGANIC WASTE COMPOST AGAINST THE GROWTH RATE OF LONG BEAN LEAVES (VIGNA CYLINDRICA (L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Anshah Silmi Afifah ◽  
Gita Prajati ◽  
I Wayan Koko Suryawan
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Waste Reduction ◽  
Bean Plant ◽  
Soil Composition ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Organic Solid Waste ◽  
Organic Solid ◽  
Bean Leaves

The landfill's capacity is currently decreasing, so solid waste reduction needs to be increased. Organic solid waste is generated by daily activities. The objective of the study was to determine the composting and composition of the growth of leaves of the long bean plant (Vigna cylindrical (L.)). Methods used in the composting process is the takakura method. The 80% compositions of compost are spinach waste. The composting process accelerated by the addition of local microorganisms (MOL) from fruit and compost to accelerate decomposed of organic waste. Variables on this research were functions of the time for the composting process and the amount of compost with the soil to the long bean plant (Vigna cylindrical (L.)). Compost collection time was determined as a research variable with variations on 14, 28, and 42 days, while variations in compost and soil composition tested on a long bean plant (Vigna cylindrical (L.)) of 1: 1 and 1: 2. The results showed good leaves growth period was 28th day with a composition 1: 1. Kapasitas Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir (TPA) saat ini semakin berkurang, sehingga reduksi sampah perlu ditingkatkan. Sampah organik merupakan salah satu sampah yang banyak dihasilkan oleh aktivitas seharihari. Tujuan penelitian yakni mengetahui pengaruh waktu pengomposan dan komposisi kompos terhadap laju pertumbuhan daun tanaman Kacang Panjang (Vigna cylindrica (L.)). Metode yang digunakan untuk membuat kompos yaitu metode takakura. 80% komposisi kompos berasal dari sisa sayur bayam. Pembuatan kompos dilakukan dengan menambah mikro organisme local (MOL) dari buah dan kompos jadi untuk mempercepat sampah organik terdekomposisi. Variabel yang digunakan yaitu variasi waktu pengambilan kompos dan variasi komposisi kompos dengan tanah terhadap Kacang Panjang (Vigna cylindrica (L.)). Waktu pengambilan kompos ditentukan sebagai variabel penelitian dengan variasi pengambilan pada hari ke - 14, 28, dan 42, sedangkan variasi komposisi kompos dan tanah yang diujikan terhadap tanaman Kacang Panjang (Vigna cylindrica (L.)) sebesar 1 : 1 dan 1 : 2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan laju pertumbuhan daun paling besar yaitu pada variasi waktu pengambilan kompos hari ke – 28 dengan komposisi 1 : 1.

scholarly journals Physiology and Rumen Microbial Ecology of Goats Fed Municipal Organic Solid Wastes Treated with Diastic Microbes from Snail (Achatina achatina)

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-94
Author(s):  
Agida, Christopher Agboje ◽  
Essien Ekpenyong Nsa ◽  
Uduakobong Essien John ◽  
Constance Ihuoma Adje ◽  
A. N. Chukwuemela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Microbial Ecology ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Total Volatile ◽  
Organic Solid Waste ◽  
Organic Solid ◽  
Municipal Organic Solid Waste

The experiment was conducted with the objective of providing more information on the physiology and rumen microbial ecology of goats fed municipal organic solid waste treated with Diastic microbes of snails (Achatina achatina). The study was on the treated and untreated municipal organic solid waste as components of experimental diet. Balanced rations containing diets; A = 45% untreated municipal organic waste (UMOW), B = 45% treated municipal organic waste (TMOW), and C = 70% treated municipal organic waste (TMOW), with wheat offal, palm kernel cake, and molasses used to balance the diets. Where grass/legume ratio of 3 parts of Panicum maximum and 1 part of Centrocema were fed across treatments at the same proportion. The three rations were fed to 18 unsex Red Sokoto goats aged between 6 to 7 months, with an average weight of 8.01±2.50kg. They were housed in pens, on a floor space of 0.5 to 0.75m2 in a completely randomized designed experiment replicated six times and fed for a period of 52 days. The results were separated according to the parameters of rumen physiology (pH, total volatile fatty acids, acetic, propionic, butyric acids and ethanol, and rumen ecology (bacteria, protozoa, and fungi, which are mainly anaerobic microbes). The investigations revealed that microbial (bacteria, protozoa and fungi) load counts were significantly (p<0.05) influenced by dietary treatments. While the total volatile fatty acids (TVFA), acetic, butyric and propionic increased (p<0.05) except for the TVFA and the propionic acid that showed numerical (p>0.05) increased levels of (TMOW). The pH levels improved (p>0.05) between 6.7 to 6.8 where the rumen electrolytes (Ca, Na and K) increased (p<0.01) with increased levels of TMOW. Rumen moisture, dry matter and fat content were (p<0.01) influenced by TMOW diets while ash content was (p<0.01) influenced by the TMOW. Crude protein, ether extract, crude fibre and carbohydrate were not affected (p<0.01; p<0.05) affected. It is good to note that, the microbial community of snail used in the pre-feeding fermentation of municipal organic waste had influence in the physiology and rumen microbial ecology at interface with the goat, enhanced improved the organic matter degradation and feed quality, of the highly fibrous municipal organic solid waste.

scholarly journals Performance of Semi-Aerobic Solid Waste Bioreactor in relation to Decomposition Process and Biogas Production

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 07021
Author(s):  
Oktiawan Wiharyanto ◽  
Sutrisno Endro ◽  
Hadiwidodo Mochtar
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Decomposition Process ◽  
Environment Pollution ◽  
Organic Solid Waste ◽  
Organic Solid ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Inorganic Waste ◽  
Suitable Environment

Solid waste which is sent to Jatibarang landfill in Semarang City can reach up to 4000 m3/day. The composition of solid waste consists of 61.95% of organic waste and 38.05% of inorganic waste. The environmental impacts of solid waste can be reduced using bioreactor methods which being able to accelerate the solid waste decomposition. Large amount of solid waste which is sent to Jatibarang landfill certainly has great potential to environment pollution. Therefore, a technology such as landfill bioreactor is needed to speed up the decomposition process of organic solid waste. Landfill bioreactors are characterized using a range of technologies in order to create an suitable environment for degradation processes. In this study four bioreactors simulated landfills that consist of hybrid bioreactors and anaerobic control bioreactors. The result shows that hybrid bioreactor has increases the decomposition process of organic solid waste. The hybrid bioreactor also produce more methane in subsequent anaerobes.

scholarly journals Fundamentals of the method for organic solid waste processing by coking

2019 ◽  
pp. 160-169
Author(s):  
A. N. Paukov ◽  
R. Z. Magaril ◽  
E. R. Magaril
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Waste Processing ◽  
Safe Method ◽  
Organic Solid Waste ◽  
Organic Solid ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Efficient Processing ◽  
Processed Products

A new low-temperature environmentally safe method of efficient processing of municipal solid waste of organic origin by coking has been developed, which can be used in the future for processing any types of organic waste. In addition, recommendations on the use of processed products were provided. 

scholarly journals DIVERGENCE IN THE VERMICOMPOSTING OF GREEN AND SENESCENCE BLACK PLUM (SYZYGIUM CUMINI) LEAF LITTERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
Ritu Nagar ◽  
Anurag Titov ◽  
Praveesh Bhati
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Scenario Generation ◽  
Syzygium Cumini ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Organic Solid Waste ◽  
Biotechnological Approach ◽  
Organic Solid ◽  
Valuable Product ◽  
Eudrilus Eugenia

In the present scenario, generation of organic solid waste is foremost trouble demands healthy and sustainable elucidation. Vermicomposting is an appropriate biotechnological approach to transform organic solid waste into valuable product. Vermicomposting process is carried out by suitable exotic verities of earthworm. These Earthworms utilize semi digested organic waste include carbohydrate and protein as a source of food and produces vermicast which is rich in nutrients. Because more than 40 % part of city waste composed of plant materials therefore it can be a better utilizes in vermicomposting process. In the present experiment, plant material viz. Green leaf litters (GLL) and senescence leaf litter (SLL) of Black plum (Syzygium cumini) was taken and converted into vermicompost through Eisenia foetida and Eudrilus eugenia. Result revealed that vermicomposting mixture of both GLL and SLL showed similar trend in pH and temperature variation. The result of moisture contained revealed that SLL required more water to maintain adequate moisture than GLL. Total nitrogen content and total organic carbon were found more in GLL than SLL.

scholarly journals Pengelolaan Sampah Kampus untuk Mewujudkan Kampus Berkelanjutan (Sustainability Campus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Tuani Lidiawati Simangunsong
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Organic Solid Waste ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Organic Solid ◽  
Average Quantity

The first step that possible for Surabaya University (Ubaya) to realize a sustainability campus was waste production reduction. A research related to solid waste management in Ubaya need to be  conducted. The aims of the research were 1. To determinate the economical organic solid waste composition in faculty of engineering 2.  Estimating the quantity of economical organic solid waste in faculty of engineering 3. Calculating the greenhouse gas that can be reduced by managing the economical organic solid waste. The scope of calculation was CH4 generation. Research is done by survey of solid waste generation. Survey was conducted  at faculty of engineering Ubaya, in TA building until TS building plus faculty of engineering gazebo. The estimation of economical organic solid waste was taken for eight days in September 2016. The calculation of green house emission from solid waste was referred to Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)  2006 guidelines. The results of the research indicated that the composition of economical organic solid in the faculty of engineering was white paper, brown paper, cardboard, and juice and tea packaging. The average quantity of economical organic waste generated in the faculty of engineering per day  were white paper: 5.44 kg, 1.055 kg of brown paper, cardboard 2.51 kg and 0,765 kg of tea and juice packaging. Greenhouse gas (CH4), which could be lowered if the economical organic waste is managed was around 1.14 kg / day. Keywords: sustainability, IPCC, campus, organic solid waste

scholarly journals Leaf Litter Vermi Composting: Converting Waste to Resource

2021 ◽  
Vol 889 (1) ◽  
pp. 012066
Author(s):  
Anamika Sharma ◽  
Ashita Sharma ◽  
Satveer Singh ◽  
Adarsh Pal Vig ◽  
Nagpal Avinash Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
Solid Waste Collection ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Treatment And Disposal ◽  
Do So

Abstract Waste is not waste unless someone wastes it. Solid waste collection and its management is one of the burning issues of environment today in most nations worldwide. Although many methods have been proposed and implemented for proper solid waste disposal but some of these treatment and disposal strategies can cause severe environmental issues. The present manuscript intends to give an overview of studies on use of garden leaf litter waste around us as a substrate for vermicompost formation. Vermicomposting is aerobic process in which detritivorous earthworms play an important role in decomposition of organic waste converting it to nutrient rich medium for plant growth known as vermicompost. They do so by interacting with wide range of microorganisms and variety of other fauna acting as decomposers and this interaction results in stabilization of organic matter leading to alteration of its physical and biochemical properties. In recent years, vermicomposting technique has advanced considerably because it is eco-friendly, economically feasible and socially acceptable approach for waste management. In simple words, it is a way of converting waste to wealth. Furthermore, the end product of vermicomposting (Vermicast) - the nutrient rich compost is an efficient soil conditioner.

scholarly journals The Impact of Exogenous Aerobic Bacteria on Sustainable Methane Production Associated with Municipal Solid Waste Biodegradation: Revealed by High-Throughput Sequencing

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sai Ge ◽  
Jun Ma ◽  
Lei Liu ◽  
Zhiming Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Waste Degradation ◽  
The Impact

In this work, the impact of exogenous aerobic bacteria mixture (EABM) on municipal solid waste (MSW) is well evaluated in the following aspects: biogas production, leachate analysis, organic waste degradation, EABM population, and the composition of microbial communities. The study was designed and performed as follows: the control bioreactor (R1) was filled up with MSW and the culture medium of EABM and the experimental bioreactor (R2) was filled up with MSW and EABM. The data suggests that the composition of microbial communities (bacterial and methanogenic) in R1 and R2 were similar at day 0, while the addition of EABM in R2 led to a differential abundance of Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Staphlyoccus xylosus, and Pantoea agglomerans in two bioreactors. The population of exogenous aerobic bacteria in R2 greatly increased during hydrolysis and acidogenesis stages, and subsequently increased the degradation of volatile solid (VS), protein, lipid, and lignin by 59.25%, 25.68%, 60.47%, and 197.62%, respectively, compared to R1. The duration of hydrolysis and acidogenesis in R2 was 33.33% shorter than that in R1. At the end of the study, the accumulative methane yield in R2 (494.4 L) was almost three times more than that in R1 (187.4 L). In addition, the abundance of acetoclasic methanogens increased at acetogenesis and methanogenesis stages in both bioreactors, which indicates that acetoclasic methanogens (especially Methanoseata) could contribute to methane production. This study demonstrates that EABM can accelerate organic waste degradation to promote MSW biodegradation and methane production. Moreover, the operational parameters helped EABM to generate 20.85% more in accumulative methane yield. With a better understanding of how EABM affects MSW and the composition of bacterial community, this study offers a potential practical approach to MSW disposal and cleaner energy generation worldwide.

scholarly journals Bacterial Consortium for Improved Maize (Zea mays L.) Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwaseyi Samuel Olanrewaju ◽  
Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Bacterial Consortium ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

The ever-increasing human population is a major concern for food security. Maize is the third largest most important food crop. The major problems of cultivation arise from urbanization and land pollution. This reduces the amount of land available for agriculture. The use of chemicals in agriculture is not environmentally friendly. Thus, plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) have been proposed as alternatives. This study aims to test the growth-promoting effect of maize inoculated with six indigenous PGPB isolates. These isolates were assayed for various biochemical and plant growth-promoting activities. They were also assayed for biocontrol activities. Based on the results, six isolates viz A1, A18, A29, NWU4, NWU14, and NWU198 were used to inoculate maize seeds. The inoculated seeds were tried out on the field. A randomized block design was used. PGPB used were in single, consortia of two, and three organisms. The length of the leaves, roots, and stem, plant height, numbers of leaves, and weight of 100 seeds were taken at the fourth and eighth weeks after planting. Microbial consortia increased growth parameters compared to single inoculant treatments. Thus, they can be of advantage in the eradication of low yield. They can also serve as reliable alternatives to chemical fertilizers.

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