scholarly journals Friendly environmental policies implementation within the company: an ESG ratings analysis and its applicability to companies´ environmental performance enhancement

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 885-893
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Quality Health ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
The Impact

<p>In order to move towards a more environmentally oriented economy, society needs to be aware and able to recognize environmental friendly practices. Firms are increasingly relying on environmental scores ratings to make strategic decisions. In this context, understanding how day-to-day company´s decisions affect environment scores is crucial. This paper examines the impact of social policies on the environmental scores of companies. Using data on for 3895 firms from the ASSET4 database between 2006 and 2010, we report on how employment quality, health and safety, training and development and diversity policies affect firms’ environmental scores. An ANOVA test, followed by a regression analysis, was ran to test differences between the major markets. Also, the interaction between the selected variables and environmental scores, was tested in order to investigate the individual effects of social policies and location on environmental performance. Results show that environmental scores increase with the presence of social policies, and that the location of the company is a differentiating factor. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of these findings for future environmental promotion within companies.</p>

Accent Policy and Accent Modification Enterprises as Potential Indicators of Intercultural Power Relations: A Call for an Updated Research Agenda

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brynne D. Ovalle ◽  
Rahul Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Cultural Organization ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This article has two purposes: (a) to examine the relationship between intercultural power relations and the widespread practice of accent discrimination and (b) to underscore the ramifications of accent discrimination both for the individual and for global society as a whole. First, authors review social theory regarding language and group identity construction, and then go on to integrate more current studies linking accent bias to sociocultural variables. Authors discuss three examples of intercultural accent discrimination in order to illustrate how this link manifests itself in the broader context of international relations (i.e., how accent discrimination is generated in situations of unequal power) and, using a review of current research, assess the consequences of accent discrimination for the individual. Finally, the article highlights the impact that linguistic discrimination is having on linguistic diversity globally, partially using data from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and partially by offering a potential context for interpreting the emergence of practices that seek to reduce or modify speaker accents.

scholarly journals Optimising pasture and grazing management decisions on the Cicerone Project farmlets over variable time horizons

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Behrendt ◽  
Oscar Cacho ◽  
James M. Scott ◽  
Randall Jones
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Stochastic Dynamic ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Time Frames ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Stocking Rates

This study addresses the problem of balancing the trade-offs between the need for animal production, profit, and the goal of achieving persistence of desirable species within grazing systems. The bioeconomic framework applied in this study takes into account the impact of climate risk and the management of pastures and grazing rules on the botanical composition of the pasture resource, a factor that impacts on livestock production and economic returns over time. The framework establishes the links between inputs, the state of the pasture resource and outputs, to identify optimal pasture development strategies. The analysis is based on the application of a dynamic pasture resource development simulation model within a seasonal stochastic dynamic programming framework. This enables the derivation of optimum decisions within complex grazing enterprises, over both short-term tactical (such as grazing rest) and long-term strategic (such as pasture renovation) time frames and under climatic uncertainty. The simulation model is parameterised using data and systems from the Cicerone Project farmlet experiment. Results indicate that the strategic decision of pasture renovation should only be considered when pastures are in a severely degraded state, whereas the tactical use of grazing rest or low stocking rates should be considered as the most profitable means of maintaining adequate proportions of desirable species within a pasture sward. The optimal stocking rates identified reflected a pattern which may best be described as a seasonal saving and consumption cycle. The optimal tactical and strategic decisions at different pasture states, based on biomass and species composition, varies both between seasons and in response to the imposed soil fertility regime. Implications of these findings at the whole-farm level are discussed in the context of the Cicerone Project farmlets.

scholarly journals The impact of civil status on womencs wages in Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Madalozzo ◽  
Carolina Flores Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Single Women ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Consensual Union ◽  
Women's Wages ◽  
Civil Status ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Consensual union, also known as cohabitation, has become more frequent in recent decades in Brazil and many other countries. In this context, some studies have analyzed the impact of marriage on women's wages. This article analyzes the effects of marital status on Brazilian women's wages by specifically investigating the individual characteristics of these effects using data from the 2000 Brazilian Census Database. This study concludes that wages differ by up to 15 per cent between married and single women and up to 3 per cent between married and cohabiting women.

scholarly journals Glacier thickness estimations of alpine glaciers using data and modeling constraints

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2189-2202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisbeth Langhammer ◽  
Melchior Grab ◽  
Andreas Bauder ◽  
Hansruedi Maurer
Keyword(s):  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Thickness Distribution ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Estimation Algorithm ◽  
Ice Surface ◽  
Alpine Glaciers ◽  
Inversion Procedure ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Advanced knowledge of the ice thickness distribution within glaciers is of fundamental importance for several purposes, such as water resource management and the study of the impact of climate change. Ice thicknesses can be modeled using ice surface features, but the resulting models can be prone to considerable uncertainties. Alternatively, it is possible to measure ice thicknesses, for example, with ground-penetrating radar (GPR). Such measurements are typically restricted to a few profiles, with which it is not possible to obtain spatially unaliased subsurface images. We developed the Glacier Thickness Estimation algorithm (GlaTE), which optimally combines modeling results and measured ice thicknesses in an inversion procedure to obtain overall thickness distributions. GlaTE offers the flexibility of being able to add any existing modeling algorithm, and any further constraints can be added in a straightforward manner. Furthermore, it accounts for the uncertainties associated with the individual constraints. Properties and benefits of GlaTE are demonstrated with three case studies performed on different types of alpine glaciers. In all three cases, subsurface models could be found that are consistent with glaciological modeling and GPR data constraints. Since acquiring GPR data on glaciers can be an expensive endeavor, we additionally employed elements of sequential optimized experimental design (SOED) for determining cost-optimized GPR survey layouts. The calculated cost–benefit curves indicate that a relatively large amount of data can be acquired before redundant information is collected with any additional profiles, and it becomes increasingly expensive to obtain further information.

scholarly journals Testing and Validating Against Historic Spills

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-86
Author(s):  
Cathrine Stephansen ◽  
Anders Bjørgesæter ◽  
Odd Willy Brude ◽  
Ute Brönner ◽  
Tonje Waterloo Rogstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Individual Vulnerability ◽  
Resource Data ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Acute Results ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Impact Models

AbstractTo validate the predictive capability of ERA Acute, a study was carried out using data from two well-studied historic oil spills, the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill (EVOS) and the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill (DHOS) incidents. Results from the case studies with ERA Acute were compared to the impact estimates and recovery observations that have been reported in the extensive research following the two incidents. Resource data relevant for each of the two incidents were reconstructed within the analysis area. Performance boundaries were set up for evaluating the ERA Acute results, based on the ranges of the impact and recovery estimates reported in the post-spill assessments. Validation of an oil spill ERA model against post-spill assessments of historic spills is a challenging exercise due to scientific limitations of both. ERA Acute performed satisfactorily compared to the performance boundaries and the study gave useful insight into the predictive capabilities of ERA Acute. The results from the study were used to evaluate between two different impact models and to increase the individual vulnerability of cetaceans.

scholarly journals Wearables for Biomechanical Performance Optimization and Risk Assessment in Industrial and Sports Applications

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Sam McDevitt ◽  
Haley Hernandez ◽  
Jamison Hicks ◽  
Russell Lowell ◽  
Hamza Bentahaikt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Measurement Units ◽  
Numerous Data ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Individual

Wearable technologies are emerging as a useful tool with many different applications. While these devices are worn on the human body and can capture numerous data types, this literature review focuses specifically on wearable use for performance enhancement and risk assessment in industrial- and sports-related biomechanical applications. Wearable devices such as exoskeletons, inertial measurement units (IMUs), force sensors, and surface electromyography (EMG) were identified as key technologies that can be used to aid health and safety professionals, ergonomists, and human factors practitioners improve user performance and monitor risk. IMU-based solutions were the most used wearable types in both sectors. Industry largely used biomechanical wearables to assess tasks and risks wholistically, which sports often considered the individual components of movement and performance. Availability, cost, and adoption remain common limitation issues across both sports and industrial applications.

scholarly journals Assessing the Causes & Impacts of Traffic Congestion on the Society, Economy and Individual: A Case of Mauritius as an Emerging Economy

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lomendra Vencataya ◽  
Sharmila Pudaruth ◽  
Ganess Dirpal ◽  
Vandisha Narain
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Worker Productivity ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Mauritius has undergone massive developments during the past several years. However, along with economic progress, these developments have also been the cause of trouble for the Mauritian population as they have worsened the problem of traffic congestion. Providing state-of-the-art transportation systems is thus crucial for the proper functioning of the Mauritian economy and society. Hence, the paper explores the repercussions that traffic congestion has on the society, economy, and individual. Also, the paper seeks to examine the impact of traffic congestion on several aspects, such as worker productivity, economic growth, commuter health and safety, travel reliability, and the environment. Questionnaires have been helpful tools in obtaining quantitative data. A sample of 100 respondents, consisting of people travelling to and from Ebene and Port Louis on a daily or regular basis, was selected using convenience sampling. The data obtained were then analysed through the SPSS software. Results indicated that traffic congestion negatively impacted on various aspects of the society and economy. The study has depicted that the respondents have affirmed that traffic congestion has an adverse effect on the society, the economy, and the individual. The paper discusses important practical issues relating to traffic congestion in Mauritius, its sources and its effects on the society, the economy, and the individual. Thus, it provides insights to the Mauritian Government and policy-makers on the ways in which they can measure traffic congestion, manage traffic more effectively, adopt appropriate policies, and invest in infrastructural projects. This paper is apt, original, and a must-read as it discusses such issues as traffic congestion, its roots, and its repercussions on the Mauritian society, economy, and individual.

scholarly journals Impact of Living Alone on Depressive Symptoms in Older Korean Widows

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyeong-Suk Jeon ◽  
Choi Kyungwon ◽  
Cho Sung-Il
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

We examined the relationship between living alone and the prevalence of depressive symptoms in older Korean widows and assessed the individual contributions of health, social ties, and socioeconomic factors to the development of depressive symptoms. The study was a secondary analysis using data from widows 65 years of age and older who participated in the Living Profiles of Older People Survey (LPOPS). A logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the contributions of health, social ties, and socioeconomic factors to the development of depressive symptoms. Working status and equivalent household income were significantly associated with depressive symptoms in both those living with others and those living alone. Adjustment for health status and social ties did not change the impact of living alone on the prevalence of depressive symptoms. However, adjustment for equivalent household income eliminated the negative association between living alone and depressive symptoms. Our findings indicate that economic resources are more important than health and social ties for alleviating the negative impact of living alone on the development of depressive symptoms in older widows.

scholarly journals Improving the Efficacy and Efficiency of the Environmental Management System in the Romanian Powerplants on Coal – the Condition of the Environmental Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana CSIMINGA ◽  
Sorin MANGU ◽  
Mirela ILOIU ◽  
Aronel MATEI
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Management System ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Environmental Management System ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Quality Health

After a decade-long evolution, the use of coal for energy production is growing again. Carbon is still an important source of energyin Europe, covering about one-fourth of electricity production. There are plans to open around 50 new coal-fired power plants.But the continued use of coal has a price, we pay all, mainly with our health can be affected by excessive environmental pollutionToday more and more emphasis on the concept of „green economy” that should be reflected in improving people’s lives througheffective management of environmental issues and reducing environmental risks Thus, through the present paper we aim to highlightthose aspects that would allow the improvement of the environmental performance of coal-fired power plants in Romania byimproving the efficiency and effectiveness of the Environmental Management System (EMS) as a component of the Integrated ManagementSystem along with the Quality, Health and Safety Management System . We start from the premise that the developmentand implementation of an effective and efficient environmental management system (EMS) becomes a priority for all companies inthe field , especially since their activities based on coal burning , are considered among the most polluting.

scholarly journals Institutional Investor Shareholdings and Corporate Social Responsibility – Evidence from Tourism Related Industries in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 03016
Author(s):  
Lei Zheng ◽  
Xuemeng Guo ◽  
Libin Zhao ◽  
Yuting Feng
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Institutional Investor ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Public Companies ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Using data from Chinese A-share listed companies in tourism related industries from 2009 to 2018, this paper examines the influence of institutional investor shareholdings on corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance. Results show that: First, institutional investor shareholdings can significantly improve CSR performance of tourism related public companies in China. After implementing robustness test, this positive relationship remains solid. Second, the positive effect of institutional investor shareholdings is significantly unbalanced regarding different CSR dimensions, with the most salient influence in promoting companies’ social welfare contributions. And third, the impact of institutional investor shareholdings can be strengthened when listed companies are ultimately controlled by the state.

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