scholarly journals Integrated analysis and mapping of aridity over Greek areas with different climate conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-145 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Aridity Index ◽  
Kendall Test ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Crete Island ◽  
Regression Techniques ◽  
Multi Linear Regression ◽  
Seasonal Analysis

<p>Assessment of aridity conditions prevailing in a certain area is essential for the research on climate and climate change. Greece is characterized by a variety of climatic conditions such as drought conditions or flooding phenomena. The current study focuses on three selected areas within Greece that present different climatic characteristics due to their location and aims to analyze and compare the aridity conditions prevailing in these areas. Aridity conditions were estimated using the Aridity Index (AI). Mann-Kendall test was applied to investigate possible trends. Spatial distribution of aridity conditions was performed using multi-linear regression techniques and Kriging method within ArcGIS 10.2.1.</p> <div> <p>The results indicated that the study areas face humid conditions, mostly due to the existence of high altitudes. Furthermore, the various climatic conditions are responsible for differentiations in seasonal analysis regarding the aridity conditions. The study areas related to the Mediterranean climate resulted more heterogeneous conditions compared with areas affected by the continental climate. Nevertheless, the created aridity spatial maps of trend analysis presented with differentiations, especially in the mountainous areas were an extreme downward trend is appeared. For the southern investigated area in Crete Island characterized purely by Mediterranean climate, the results were more moderate in terms of aridity conditions.</p> </div> <p>&nbsp;</p>

scholarly journals The Transformation of Agro-Climatic Resources of the Altai Region under Changing Climate Conditions

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Maximova ◽  
Komali Kantamaneni ◽  
Gennady Morkovkin ◽  
Darya Arnaut ◽  
Louis Rice
Keyword(s):  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Growing Season Length ◽  
Altai Region ◽  
The Past

This research examines the transformation of the agro-climatic conditions of the Altai region as a result of climate change. The climate of the Altai region in Russia is sharply continental and characterized by dry air and significant weather variability, both in individual seasons and years. The current study is determined by the lack of detailed area-related analytical generalizations for the territory of the Altai region over the past 30 years. Most of the published data dealing with an integrated analysis of the agro-climatic conditions in the Altai region date back to the late 1960s and early 1970s; in most cases, this data is from climate reference-books based on the generalized data from the first half of the 20th century. To make accurate forecasts and to efficiently manage agricultural production in the Altai region, area-related data on the state and dynamics of agro-climatic changes have been analysed. The results reveal that in the period between 1964 and 2017, significant climatic changes occurred in the territory of the Altai region. These climatic changes affected the growing season length, which increased due to a shift in the dates of the air temperature transition above 10 °C, to earlier dates in spring and to later dates in autumn. Furthermore, the current study also revealed that the foothills of the Altai Mountains are the most moistened parts of the region and the Kulunda lowland is the most arid part. In the Altai region, the accumulated temperatures and amounts of precipitation during the growing season increased significantly, and the values of integrated coefficients and indices that reflect the moisture supply conditions for the territory also changed significantly. Based upon the results, a schematic map of the current precipitation distribution on the Altai region’s territory has been generated. These results and this map may be used to conduct more detailed studies in the field of agro-climatology and to update the current borders of agro-climatic areas and revision of the agro-climatic zonation scheme.

Ecological specificities of the interaction between animal breeding and climate changes, caused by greenhouse gas emissions

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
O. Zhukorsky ◽  
O. Nykyforuk ◽  
N. Boltyk
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Animal Breeding ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Emissions Inventory ◽  
Theoretical Substantiation ◽  
Global Problems

Aim. Proper development of animal breeding in the conditions of current global problems and the decrease of anthropogenic burden on environment due to greenhouse gas emissions, caused by animal breeding activity, require the study of interaction processes between animal breeding and external climatic conditions. Methods. The theoretical substantiation of the problem was performed based on scientifi c literature, statistical informa- tion of the UN Food and Agriculture Organization and the data of the National greenhouse gas emissions inventory in Ukraine. Theoretically possible emissions of greenhouse gases into atmosphere due to animal breeding in Ukraine and specifi c farms are calculated by the international methods using the statistical infor- mation about animal breeding in Ukraine and the economic-technological information of the activity of the investigated farms. Results. The interaction between the animal breeding production and weather-and-climate conditions of environment was analyzed. Possible vectors of activity for the industry, which promote global warming and negative processes, related to it, were determined. The main factors, affecting the formation of greenhouse gases from the activity of enterprises, aimed at animal breeding production, were characterized. Literature data, statistical data and calculations were used to analyze the role of animal breeding in the green- house gas emissions in global and national framework as well as at the level of specifi c farms with the consid- eration of individual specifi cities of these farms. Conclusions. Current global problems require clear balance between constant development of sustainable animal breeding and the decrease of the carbon footprint due to the activity of animal breeding.

scholarly journals Relationship between Relative Maturity and Grain Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids in Northwest New Mexico for the 2003–2019 Period

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 290
Author(s):  
Koffi Djaman ◽  
Curtis Owen ◽  
Margaret M. West ◽  
Samuel Allen ◽  
Komlan Koudahe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
Production Optimization ◽  
Science Center ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Climate Conditions

The highly variable weather under changing climate conditions affects the establishment and the cutoff of crop growing season and exposes crops to failure if producers choose non-adapted relative maturity that matches the characteristics of the crop growing season. This study aimed to determine the relationship between maize hybrid relative maturity and the grain yield and determine the relative maturity range that will sustain maize production in northwest New Mexico (NM). Different relative maturity maize hybrids were grown at the Agricultural Science Center at Farmington ((Latitude 36.69° North, Longitude 108.31° West, elevation 1720 m) from 2003 to 2019 under sprinkler irrigation. A total of 343 hybrids were grouped as early and full season hybrids according to their relative maturity that ranged from 93 to 119 and 64 hybrids with unknown relative maturity. The crops were grown under optimal management condition with no stress of any kind. The results showed non-significant increase in grain yield in early season hybrids and non-significant decrease in grain yield with relative maturity in full season hybrids. The relative maturity range of 100–110 obtained reasonable high grain yields and could be considered under the northwestern New Mexico climatic conditions. However, more research should target the evaluation of different planting date coupled with plant population density to determine the planting window for the early season and full season hybrids for the production optimization and sustainability.

Human occupation strategies and related environmental-climate during the middle and late Holocene in central Pampas of Argentina

The Holocene ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo G Messineo ◽  
Marcela S Tonello ◽  
Silvina Stutz ◽  
Alfonsina Tripaldi ◽  
Nahuel Scheifler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Holocene ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Hard Material ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Lithic Assemblage ◽  
Depositional Rate ◽  
Archeological Site ◽  
Middle And Late Holocene

The main objective of this work is to generate and integrate interpretations of human occupation strategies and inferences of the environmental-climatic conditions in the central Pampas during the middle and late Holocene. We present a novel archeological–geological–paleoecological analysis in the area of the Cabeza de Buey lake, placed in an aeolian landscape. During the middle Holocene, two events of human occupations were recognized at Laguna Cabeza de Buey 2 archeological site. Both events present a small amount of lithic materials, a low diversity of tools and activities developed with them (principally hard material), and the hunting and primary processing of artiodactyls. These evidences suggest a locus of specific activity associated with an ephemeral human settlement under climate conditions drier than present and the presence of small, brackish, and shallow water bodies. For the late late Holocene, the hunter-gatherer occupation has a higher depositional rate of lithic assemblage, stones with diverse origins, presence of pottery fragments, a great lithic tool diversity, knapping techniques, and activities developed with these tools (processing wood, bone, hide, non-woody plant, and soft material). These evidences reveal an occupation with a higher degree of recurrence represented by a locus of multiple activities associated with a more stable landscape, such as an environment of dunes fixed by grass vegetation, and the establishment of a permanent water body. The different environmental characteristics for the middle and late Holocene in this area promoted that human groups develop two different patterns of mobility, settlement and use of space.

scholarly journals Potential of Sunflower-Legume Intercropping: A Way Forward in Sustainable Production of Sunflower in Temperate Climatic Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brankica Babec ◽  
Srđan Šeremešić ◽  
Nada Hladni ◽  
Nemanja Ćuk ◽  
Dušan Stanisavljević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Clover ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Sustainable Production ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Common Vetch ◽  
General Belief ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Sole Crop ◽  
Sole Cropping ◽  
Almost All

Changing climate conditions coupled with the transformations of cultivation practices and land use in sole crop-based sunflower production may significantly decline yield stability of this oilseed crop. Given that sunflower takes the third place in the world oilseed market, with 45 million tons per year, and in the fourth place in vegetable oil production, it is necessary to adapt production technologies toward sustainable agriculture. Considering that, the goal of the research was to analyze and beneficial sustainable production technology of sunflower in intercropping systems. A four-year trial was conducted in Serbia’s agroecological rain-fed conditions (45°34’23.2&quot;N 19°86’18.9&quot;E) using a split-plot design. Two oil types and one confectionary sunflower hybrid were intercropped with common vetch, red clover and alfalfa. Analyses showed that intercropping of sunflower with common vetch resulted in the decrease in almost all sunflower trait values. Also, sunflower × alfalfa intercropping provided to be the most appropriate. The yield of NS Gricko and Rimi PR were statistically on the same level with sole cropping, while alfalfa biomass had better results when intercropped with NS Gricko as compared to sole cropping. Concerning the general belief that yields are more stable in intercropping than in sole crop, further research in this respect is needed, in addition to the research of time and method of sowing.

scholarly journals PRODUCTIVITY OF NEW MAIZE HYBRIDS IN CONDITIONS OF THE URALS

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (35) ◽  
pp. 1175-1185
Author(s):  
Raphael ISMAGILOV ◽  
Еlena SOTCHENKO ◽  
Bulat AKHIYAROV ◽  
Damir ISLAMGULOV ◽  
Razit NURLYGAJANOV
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Seed Technology ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Ground Mass

The research aimed to identify the most productive hybrids selected by the All-Russian Research Institute of Maize to cultivate by the cereal seed technology in the natural conditions of the Middle Cis- Urals. Methodology. Maize was cultivated for seeds and green fodder for farm animals in the conditions of the Middle Cis-Urals. The maize green mass, consisting mainly of stems and leaves, usually contains up to 88-90% water. Silage being prepared for it has less dry matter and protein. Such fodder has low nutritional value and poor return from livestock products. The most high quality and nutritious feed can be received from maize seeds or its above-ground mass with seeds of milky-wax and wax ripeness. To select early-maturing hybrids with high nutritional value is the primary concern for the studied area. Results. The results demonstrate that the productivity of maize hybrids ranges from 2.50 to 6.76 t/ha depending on soil and climatic conditions. When maize hybrids are grown by seed technology, the above-ground mass of the studied crops is 30.68-68.80 t/ha. Conclusions. It is necessary to select earlier ripening and highly productive hybrids to increase the quality and nutrition of corn feed. The recommended hybrids for grain production are Ural 150 (5,45 t/ha), Baikal (5,38 t/ha) and Mashuk 170 MV (4,98 t/ha); K-170 (56,7 t/ha), Shihan (55,67 t/ha) and Mashuk 170 MV (54,99 t/ha) that provided a higher output of the green mass at milky-wax ripeness of grain are best for silage production. The resulting data make it possible to select maize hybrids with high yields and nutritional value for farms with similar soil and climate conditions and to develop diets for highly productive dairy and beef cattle.

scholarly journals Experimental Study of the Effect of Curing Mode on Concreting in Hot Weather

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-248
Author(s):  
Nassima Bakir
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Concrete Surface ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Hot Climate ◽  
Hot Weather ◽  
Job Site

Most developing countries have hot climate, ordinary jobsites characterized by reduced of human resources, equipment and infrastructures. The objective of this article is to make an experimental study of the influence of the hot climate such as that of Algeria, on the different properties of concrete in the fresh state, such as excessive water evaporation from the concrete surface, increased demand for water, increased slump loss corresponding to additional water on job-site, higher plastic shrinkage cracking and difficulty in controlling air content. At the hardened state, we could mention a reduction of strength at 28 days, decreased durability resulting from cracking at long-term period. To show the problems linked to concreting under these conditions and to present the appropriate solutions concrete or mortar can withstand the conditions in which it is implemented. Thus, negative effects caused principally by hot weather concreting motivated the choice of the such study. The research experimental work conditions in which the cementitious matrix was kept concerned two different environments, namely hot and dry climate conditions (t = 40°, h = 0%) alike the climate of the region of M'sila., and that of a medium with a hot and humid environment (t = 40°, h = 100%). The output of the investigation demonstrated the crucial role of the cure method in hot regions. The comparison of results for a reference concrete kept in air without any curing measures with two curing types simulating hot weather environment of the region M’sila was undertaken. These obtained outcome results were discussed based on the influence of climatic conditions to conclude procedures for hot weather concreting and suitable cure methods.

scholarly journals Intention, Principle, Outputs and Aims of the Experimental Pavilion Research of Building Envelopes Including Windows for Wooden Buildings

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Štaffenová ◽  
Ján Rybárik ◽  
Miroslav Jakubčík
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Building Envelopes ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Time Period

AbstractThe aim of experimental research in the area of exterior walls and windows suitable for wooden buildings was to build special pavilion laboratories. These laboratories are ideally isolated from the surrounding environment, airtight and controlled by the constant internal climate. The principle of experimental research is measuring and recording of required physical parameters (e.g. temperature or relative humidity). This is done in layers of experimental fragment sections in the direction from exterior to interior, as well as in critical places by stable interior and real exterior climatic conditions. The outputs are evaluations of experimental structures behaviour during the specified time period, possibly during the whole year by stable interior and real exterior boundary conditions. The main aim of this experimental research is processing of long-term measurements of experimental structures and the subsequent analysis. The next part of the research consists of collecting measurements obtained with assistance of the experimental detached weather station, analysis, evaluation for later setting up of reference data set for the research locality, from the point of view of its comparison to the data sets from Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute (SHMU) and to localities with similar climate conditions. Later on, the data sets could lead to recommendations for design of wooden buildings.

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