scholarly journals STUDI KOMPARASI KUAT GESER BALOK KASTELA MODIFIKASI DARI PROFIL IWF

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Murtopo ◽  
Achmad Rafi'ud Darajat ◽  
Herlita Prawenti
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Steel Beams ◽  
Steel Beam ◽  
Static Testing ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Reinforced Steel ◽  
Castellated Beam ◽  
The Web

<p class="abstract">Castellated steel beam is an engineered profile of steel beams to optimize its flexural strength. The consequence of this engineering is that the shear strength becomes weak because there are openings in the web. Researches to improve the shear strength of castellated beams has been carried out by modification these beams. Comparison is needed to determine the most optimal of castellated steel beam modification shear strength. The comparative method is carried out on existing research of modified castellated steel beams made from 150x75x7x5 IWF steel profiles, modifications in the form of openings engineering and the addition of stiffeners to openings and static testing. Types of beams that are compared includes original castellated beam, original castellated beam with lateral stiffeners, modified castellated beam with elbow steel stiffeners, modified castellated beam with reinforced steel diagonal stiffeners, and modified castellated beam with full rectangular openings and reinforced steel diagonal stiffeners. The comparison results show that modified castellated beam with full rectangular openings and reinforced steel diagonal stiffener have the most optimal shear strength with an increase of 146.54% compared to the original castellated beam.</p>

scholarly journals Improving Behavior of Castellated Beam by Adding Spacer Plat and Steel Rings

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayder Wafi Ali Al-Thabhawee ◽  
Muslim Abdul-Ameer Al-Kannoon
Keyword(s):  
Ultimate Strength ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Steel Beams ◽  
Web Openings ◽  
Modes Of Failure ◽  
Beam Depth ◽  
Zigzag Pattern ◽  
Castellated Beam ◽  
The Web

Castellated steel beams are those members which are made from hot rolled steel I-section firstly by cutting the web in zigzag pattern and rejoining the two halves by welding together to form a hexagonal castellated beam such that the depth of section will be increased. Generally, the openings made in the web are with hexagonal shape; however, octagonal shape of web openings is typically obtained by providing spacer plate which is utilized to increase the depth of beam. Nowadays, using castellated beams in building construction becomes very popular because of their useful functions such as ease of service provision, strength and low cost. This study focuses on improving the behavior of hexagonal and octagonal castellated beam with spacer plate. The ultimate strength of the original (parent) I- section beam increases due to the increasing its depth. The increment of castellated beam depth; however, leads to post buckling in its web and to many other modes of failure when these beams are subjected for loading. Hexagonal and octagonal castellated beams which are fabricated using parent I-section (IPN140) are analyzed using finite element model (FEM).The analysis results revealed that using ring stiffeners around edge of holes contributes effectively in strengthening the web. It was found that using ring steel stiffeners can reduce the stress concentration around the edge of holes and improve the behavior of these beams by increasing the ultimate strength and minimizing the deflection. From the numerical (FEM) results obtained by using ANSYS14, it is concluded that ultimate strength of castellated beam can be improved by providing spacer plate and ring stiffeners around the web hole. Also, the results showed that ultimate strength of octagonal castellated steel beam can be increased up to (53%) more than the parent beam (IPN140) with providing only (13.0%) weight of steel (spacer plate plus ring steel stiffeners).

Stress Transferring Mechanism and the Bearing Capacity of Joints between Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tubular Special-Shaped Columns and Steel Beams

2011 ◽  
Vol 105-107 ◽  
pp. 926-930
Author(s):  
Xi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Structural Performance ◽  
Steel Beams ◽  
Steel Beam ◽  
Loading Capacity ◽  
Panel Zone ◽  
Strong Energy ◽  
New Type ◽  
Energy Dissipation Capacity

In recent years, a new type of frame consisting of steel beam and concrete-filled square steel tubular special-shaped column is increasingly widespread. Compared with the joint of ordinary reinforced concrete special shaped frame, the joint between concrete-filled square steel tubular special-shaped columns and steel beams has the advantage of better ductility, higher loading capacity, uncomplicated reinforcement disposing and convenience in construction. This paper indicates that the joint has strong energy dissipation capacity and high loading capacity, and the use of diaphragm is effective to enhance the structural performance of the joints. Stress transferring mechanism in the joints is discussed, and the calculating model of the shear strength of panel zone is established. This study is helpful for further study of the design and use of the joint between concrete-filled square steel tubular special-shaped columns and steel beams.

Temperature Distributions of Protected Cellular Composite Beams Heated Three Sides

2014 ◽  
Vol 578-579 ◽  
pp. 184-187
Author(s):  
Xu Dong Wang ◽  
Li Zhu ◽  
Pei Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Composite Beams ◽  
Steel Beams ◽  
Steel Beam ◽  
Design Codes ◽  
Structural Members ◽  
Temperature Distributions ◽  
Cellular Composite ◽  
The Web ◽  
Fire Design

The fire design of structural members depends on its temperature distributions. This paper investigates the temperature distributions of protected cellular composite beams heated three sides. Modeling in ABAQUS indicates that the fire protection and the concrete slab make a big difference to the temperature distributions of steel beams. Temperature gradient exists across the web region of the steel beam. Comparison with predictions from European design codes shows a good correlation between each other, but some discrepancies exist for the top flange.

scholarly journals The Effect of Hole Width on Full Height Rectangular Opening Castellated Steel Beam with Diagonal Stiffener Concerning Its Flexural Capacity

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Muhamad Rusli A. ◽  
Prabowo Setiyawan ◽  
Dessy Maimunah ◽  
Destia Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mechanism ◽  
Pushover Analysis ◽  
Steel Beam ◽  
Flexural Capacity ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Castellated Beam ◽  
Full Height ◽  
The Web

The use of a diagonal stiffener in a full height rectangular opening castellated steel beam can prevent the failure mechanism of vierendeel. This results in the flexural capacity of the castellated beam higher than the original IWF profile. The flexural capacity of a castellated steel beam can be optimized by designing the hole width on the web section. This research aims to find out the effect of several values of castellated steel beam hole width on the flexural capacity. In this research, there are 4 castellated steel beam models whose flexural capacity values are calculated using the truss analysis and pushover analysis methods. Based on the calculation results, it can be concluded that the smaller the value of the hole width, the greater the flexural capacity of the castellated steel beam will be. The largest increase in flexural capacity from the original IWF to the castellated beam is 140.93%.

scholarly journals Experimental and Finite Element Method of Castellated Steel Beam with and without Hexagonal web opening

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1S3) ◽  
pp. 421-424
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Steel Beams ◽  
Steel Beam ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Ansys Software ◽  
Web Openings ◽  
Web Opening ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Castellated Beam

Castellated beams are made from the conventional I section by the process named as Castellation Process. As of late, broad examination on these castellated steel beams has been directed, including various shapes in web openings. The primary objective of these examination works was to assess and dissect its ideal opening sizes and shapes arrangement. For the most part castellated beam are given hexagonal, round and square formed openings. The finite element investigation is most favored technique for comprehension the flexural strength of castellated beams. In this examination, experimental and numerical displaying approach is utilized for deciding spacing between openings on hexagonal castellated beam. ANSYS software was utilized for the investigation. Opening edge 60o with various opening dispersing 0.15d and 0.25d have beam utilized. Investigation was selected steel beam with and without web openings of ISMB 150 and solid ISMB200 section. Results demonstrated that the castellated bar with hexagonal opening indicated more load carrying capacity and less significant deflection contrasted with solid beam.

scholarly journals Reinforcing the Octagonal Web Openings of Castellated Beam by Steel Rings

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Hayder W. Al-Thabhawee ◽  
Abbas A. Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Ultimate Load ◽  
Steel Beams ◽  
Failure Behavior ◽  
Web Openings ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Steel Material ◽  
Allowable Load ◽  
Castellated Beam ◽  
The Web

Castellated steel beams are section steel members with hexagonal or octagonal web openings which they are made from standard hot rolled steel section I or H. The main advantage of these members is their economic material. An additional important advantage is a possibility to guide service ducts through the openings. The presence of the web openings influences the members’ failure behavior around the openings, new local failure modes will come into existence, such as the buckling of the web post between the openings, or yielding around the openings. Castellated beams with octagonal openings usually fail due to web post-buckling because of the increase in depth. The current study focused on improving the behavior of the castellated beam with octagonal openings using steel ring stiffener and adjusting the best dimension and distribution for the stiffeners. All the models of specimens have been fabricated from a parent I section (IPE 140). The models have been modeled and analyzed using finite element software ANSYS (version 15). The analysis results showed that reinforcing octagonal castellated beams by adding steel ring stiffeners around octagonal web opening was very active way to increase the ultimate load for long span, where the ultimate load of reinforced octagonal castellated beam increased up to (286%) compared with parent I-section beam. Economically, the percentage of additional steel material which used to expansion and reinforce the castellated beams (spacer plate and steel ring stiffeners) was (36%) when compared with the weight of parent I-section beam. While the allowable load at deflection (L/180) was (260 %) compared to the allowable load of parent section at the same deflection. The gained benefit was increasing the ultimate and allowable load of reinforced octagonal castellated beams by (186%) and (160%) respectively by using additional steel material only (36%) from the weight of parent I- section, which the additional steel material consisted from the spacer plates and steel rings. Also, the results indicate that the best dimensions for the ring were when thickness equal to the web thickness of the parent section and the width equal to the half of the parent section flange width.

Mechanical Properties of Reinforced Steel Beams Influenced by the Degree of Unloading

2010 ◽  
Vol 146-147 ◽  
pp. 1293-1299
Author(s):  
Lian Guang Jia ◽  
Ya Gao ◽  
Li Zhe Hou
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Steel Beams ◽  
Steel Beam ◽  
Reinforced Steel ◽  
Different Levels

Several I-shaped steel beams reinforced by CFRP are unloaded at different levels and the mechanical properties are analyzed and compared. Five forms of I-shaped steel beam (beam without reinforced; reinforced beam in condition of non-unloading; reinforced beam in condition of 50% unloaded; reinforced beam in condition of 75% unloaded; reinforced beam in condition of completely unloaded) are analyzed and compared. Conclusions are made that the stiffness and yielding load of I-shaped steel beams reinforced by CFRP are improved and the bearing capacity is improved for certain degree when the beams are unloaded.

Experimental study for improving behavior of castellated steel beam using steel rings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayder Wafi Al-Thabhawee ◽  
Abbas Ali Al-Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Steel Beam ◽  
Rolled Steel ◽  
Zigzag Pattern ◽  
Post Buckling ◽  
Hot Rolled ◽  
Hot Rolled Steel ◽  
Castellated Beam ◽  
The Web

AbstractCastellated beams are made from a hot rolled steel I-section in a few steps. Firstly, the web of the parent I-section is cut in a particular zigzag pattern and the two halves are reconnected by welding to form a castellated beam with hexagonal openings. In other cases, a spacer plate is placed between the two halves to produce octagonal openings, which increase the section depth. Increasing the depth by adding spacer plates leads to web-post buckling. This study focuses on improving the castellated beam to obtain high strength with relatively low cost by placing a steel ring inside the octagonal openings to strengthen the weakest part, which is its web. The results show that the steel ring is effective in strengthening the web-post.

Online-Joining of C/SiC-C/SiC via Slurry Reaction and Precursor Infiltration and Pyrolysis Process with C/SiC Pins

2012 ◽  
Vol 531-532 ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Di Zhang ◽  
Hai Feng Hu ◽  
Chang Rui Zhang ◽  
Guang De Li
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Fracture Mode ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Strong Bond ◽  
Sic Composites ◽  
Maximum Shear Strength ◽  
Application Prospects ◽  
Complex Components

C/SiC composites have widely application prospects in the field of aeronautic and aerospace for their excellent properties. The joining of C/SiC composites is a key to fabricate large and complex components. In this paper, 1D C/SiC pins were prepared by precursor infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP) process and used to join C/SiC composites by Slurry react (SR) and PIP process. The shear strength of the C/SiC pins with different carbon fiber volumes was investigated with the maximum shear strength as high as 339.46MPa. Influences of C/SiC pins on the joining properties of C/SiC composites were studied. The shear strength and flexural strength of C/SiC-C/SiC joining are improved from 9.17MPa and 30.41MPa without pins to 20.06MPa and 75.03MPa with one C/SiC pin (diameter 2mm), respectively. The reliability of C/SiC-C/SiC joining is also improved with C/SiC pins in that the fracture mode changes from catastrophic without pins to non-catastrophic. The SEM photos show a strong bond between joining layer and C/SiC composites without obvious interface.

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