scholarly journals Articulação entre ensino e pesquisa no cuidado à saúde da criança: relato de experiência

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Cerqueira Santos Santana da Silva ◽  
Érick Igor dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Infection ◽  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Virtual Library ◽  
Knowledge Share ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Tract Infections

Trata-se de um relato de experiência realizado com discentes do Curso de Graduação em Enfermagem de umaUniversidade Federal, desenvolvido na unidade de internação da emergência pediátrica de um hospital público.Objetivo: Descrever a experiência da articulação entre ensino e pesquisa no cuidado à saúde da criança acerca dasevidências cientifi cas de enfermagem no controle da infecção primária da corrente sanguínea, bem como prevençãoe tratamento da infecção urinária. Método: Estudo descritivo, tipo relato de experiência. A busca foi realizada deagosto a dezembro de 2015, em bases de dados e na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Resultado: Foi identifi cado quea infecção relacionada à assistência à saúde fi gura, na atualidade, como complicação prevalente entre as criançashospitalizadas, destacando a infecção primária da corrente sanguínea, e a infecção do trato urinário. Conclusão: Aarticulação entre ensino e pesquisa possibilitou o levantamento de necessidades de saúde da criança no serviço desaúde, o compartilhamento de saberes por intermédio de debates, exposições dialogadas, workshops, seminários e oretorno aos profi ssionais do serviço sobre os problemas identifi cados e as soluções aplicáveis.Palavras Chave: Ensino; Aprendizagem; Enfermagem pediátrica; Infecções urinárias; Infecções relacionadas acateter. ABSTRACTThe aim of this paper is to provide an account of an experiment carried out by students from the nursingundergraduation course of a federal university, which was developed in a pediatric emergency of a public hospital.Objective: To describe the project experience concerning the scientifi c evidence on nursing in what comes to thecontrol of primary blood stream infection and urinary infection, as well as its prevention and treatment. Method:Descriptive study in experiment report format. The research was performed from August to December of 2015,at databases and at the Health Virtual Library. Result: The infection related to health assistance is currentlyportrayed as a prevalent complication among the hospitalized children, with highlights to the primary bloodstream infection and urinary tract infection. Conclusion: The articulation between teaching and researchingturned possible the identifi cation of heath necessities children in the service heath, the knowledge share indebates, dialogued exhibitions, workshop and seminaries, the feedback for the service professionals about theidentifi ed problems and its solutions.Key words: Teaching; Learning; Pediatric nursing; urinary tract infections; Infections related to catheter

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistant Bacterial Pathogens Associated with Blood Stream Infections and Urinary Tract Infections among Intensive Care Unit Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1737-1748
Author(s):  
Shriram Dorairaj Gunasekaran ◽  
Godfred Antony Menezes ◽  
Rezmitha Zulfihar Nazeem ◽  
Mohammad Obada Sultan ◽  
Tejaswini Archarya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Microbiological Data

Blood Stream Infection (BSI) and Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) being leading causes of morbidity and mortality represent a common complication among critically ill patients. During the last decade, clinicians have observed a rising occurrence of BSIs due to bacterial resistance. Likewise, catheter-associated UTI is a main cause of morbidity and mortality affecting all age groups. Coliforms happen to be the prominent pathogens among our ICU admitted patients. It was alarming to notice 42.9% resistance to tigecycline among K. pneumoniae isolated from blood. K. pneumoniae isolates cultured from urine of ICU patients uniformly displayed 75% resistance to ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, cefoxitin and cefepime. Interestingly, it is of respite to observe 85.7% K. pneumoniae isolated from blood and 75% K. pneumoniae isolated from urine being susceptible to a conventional antibiotic, gentamicin. Escherichia coli isolated from urine were 100% susceptible to carbapenems and 91.75% were susceptible to tigecycline. Overall, 90% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were susceptible to nitrofurantoin. The rapid spread of these MDR pathogens demands for national and regional guidelines. Policies to treat ICU related infections in UAE should be designed based on local microbiological data and resistance profiles of pathogens.

Healthcare associated infections caused by non-fermenting Gram negative rods (NFGNR): six years of experience of a tertiary hospital

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 06-12
Author(s):  
Zahidul Hasan ◽  
Md. Kamrul Islam ◽  
Arifa Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Recently non-fermenting Gram negative rods (NFGNR) are playing an important role in healthcare associated infections. This observational study in a tertiary care hospital of Dhaka city conducted during 01August 2007 to 30 June 2013 found that 34.8% isolated organisms from patients with healthcare associated infections were NFGNR. Majority (74.3 %) of these infections were occurring inside critical care areas. Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter together constituted 79.6% of the total NFGNR whereas Burkholderia cephacia complex (15.4%), Stenotrophomonas (4.3%) and Chryseobacterium species (0.7%) combined constituted remaining 20.4%. Out of total NFGNRs, Pseudomonas was responsible for highest number of catheter associated urinary tract infections (55.6%), ventilator associated pneumonia (46.3%), respiratory tract infection (65.8%) and surgical site infection (70.6%). Blood stream infection was predominantly caused by Burkholderia cephacia complex (33.5%) and Acinetobacter spp. (39.5%). Other than colistin most of the organisms were resistant to antibiotics commonly recommended for NFGNR.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v7i2.19326 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2013; 07(02): 6-12

Urinary Tract Infections in Febrile Infants Younger Than 8 Weeks of Age

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen F. Crain ◽  
Jeffrey C. Gershel
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
Urine Specimen ◽  
High Power Field ◽  
Tract Infections

In this prospective study of 442 infants younger than 8 weeks of age who attended a pediatric emergency department with temperature ≥100.6°F (38.1° C), urinary tract infections (UTIs) were found in 33 patients (7.5%), 2 of whom were bacteremic. Clinical and laboratory data were not helpful for identifying UTIs. Of the 33 patients with UTIs, 32 had urinalyses recorded; 16 were suggestive of a UTI (more than five white blood cells per high-power field or any bacteria present). Of the 16 infants with apparently normal urinalysis results, three had an emergency department diagnosis suggesting an alternative bacterial focus of infection. If the physician had decided on the basis of apparently normal urinalysis results to forgo obtaining a urine culture, more than half of the UTIs would have been missed. Bag-collected specimens were significantly more likely to yield indeterminate urine culture results than either catheter or suprapublic specimens. In addition, uncircumcised males were significantly more likely to have a UTI than circumcised boys. These results suggest that a suprapubic or catheter-obtained urine specimen for culture is a necessary part of the evaluation of all febrile infants younger than 8 weeks of age, regardless of the urinalysis findings or another focus of presumed bacterial infection.

scholarly journals Urinary infection in dogs with chronic kidney disease: aetiology and resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6Supl3) ◽  
pp. 3741
Author(s):  
Ariane Martins Fernandes ◽  
Alessandra Tammy Hayakawa Ito de Sousa ◽  
Luciana Auxiliadora Viebrantz da Conceição ◽  
Felipe Gomes da Silva ◽  
Mayara Aparecida Araújo Cayuela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Urinary Infection ◽  
Clinical Routine ◽  
Disease Aetiology ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
And Control

Infections of the genitourinary system are among the most frequent in the clinical routine of small animals. Treatment with the most appropriate antimicrobial therapy, according to the uropathogen susceptibility test, can avoid the spread of bacterial resistance to antimicrobials. A clinical study was performed in 32 canines, of both sexes and differing ages, who attended the Veterinary Teaching Hospital. Urine samples underwent culture, with the objective of evaluating urinary tract infection in dogs with renal disease, identifying the associated bacterial pathogens, and verifying their antimicrobial susceptibility in vitro. Urine culture was positive in 10 dogs, mostly males, with no predisposition for breed, and a mean age of 8.28 years. Most of the urinary tract infections (UTIs) were monobacterial, with the most common microorganisms being Pseudomonas sp. and Staphylococcus sp. The antimicrobials imipenem and meropenem had the best overall sensitivity profile, and ampicillin showed the highest resistance. The variation in epidemiological profiles, and susceptibility to uropathogens, reinforces the importance of the veterinarian in the prevention and control of infection, in addition to the need for further research to identify new antimicrobial agents.

scholarly journals PREVALÊNCIA DE INFECÇÃO URINÁRIA E DE Actinomyces suis EM PORCAS GESTANTES E SUA CORRELAÇÃO COM ALGUNS PARÂMETROS FÍSICOS E QUÍMICOS DA URINA

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.C. ALBERTON ◽  
P.R. WERNER ◽  
J. SOBESTIANSKY ◽  
O.D. COSTA ◽  
W. BARIONI JÚNIOR
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Urinary Infection ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Presumptive Diagnosis ◽  
Urinary Infections ◽  
Physical And Chemical Parameters ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Physical And Chemical

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a prevalência de infecção urinária e da bactéria Actinomyces suis na urina de 1745 porcas gestantes da região Sul do Brasil e correlacionar essa prevalência com parâmetros físicos e químicos da urina. A prevalência de infecção urinária e de A. suis foi de 28,31% e 20,63%, respectivamente. Observou-se correlação negativa entre infecção urinária e A. suis, ou seja, as porcas que apresentaram infecção urinária tinham menor prevalência de A. suis (13,67%) do que as que não a apresentaram (23,12%). Da mesma forma, as porcas portadoras de A. suis, tinham menor prevalência de infecção urinária (17,43%) do que as não portadoras (28,62%). Apenas 3,60% das porcas examinadas eram positivas para infecção urinária e A. suis simultaneamente. A cor predominante da urina foi a amarelo claro, tanto para as porcas portadoras ou não portadoras de infecção urinária ou de A. suis. Constatou-se a presença de turbidez em 83,15% das amostras, sendo que em 96,18% das amostras turvas observou-se a presença de cristais. Finalmente, a cor, aspecto, densidade, pH e presença de cristais, foram considerados como parâmetros sem valor para o diagnóstico presuntivo de infecção urinária em porcas gestantes. Prevalence of urinary tract infections and of Actinomyces suis in urine from pregnant sows. Correlation with some urine’s physical and chemical parameters Abstract A survey has been carried out in urine samples from 1745 pregnant sows from Southern Brazil, in regard to the prevalence of urinary infections and of Actinomyces suis and its correlation with some of the urine physical and chemical parameters. Prevalence of urinary infections was of 28.31% and that of A. suis, 20.63%. However, a negative correlation has been found between the incidence of urinary infection and the presence of A. suis, the prevalence of the latter being lower in sows which are positive for urinary infections (13.67%) than in those without urinary infection (23.12%). At the same time, sows positive for A. suis display a lesser number of urinary infection (17.43%) than those negative for the bacteria (28.62%). Only in 3.60% of the sows, urinary infection and A. suis occurred simultaneously. Due to the presence of crystals, turbidity was frequently observed in sow’s urine (83.15%). Crystals were present in 96.18% of sow’s turbid urine samples. Furthermore, color, turbidity, density, pH and the presence of crystals were not considered of value for the presumptive diagnosis of urinary tract infections in pregnant sows.

scholarly journals Process Mapping in a Pediatric Emergency Department to Minimize Missed Urinary Tract Infections

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan Black ◽  
Valene Singh ◽  
Vladimir Belostotsky ◽  
Madan Roy ◽  
Deborah Yamamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
Pediatric Emergency Department ◽  
Process Mapping ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Positive Urine ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in young children and are seen in emergency departments (EDs) frequently. Left untreated, UTIs can lead to more severe conditions. Our goal was to undertake a quality improvement (QI) initiative to help minimize the number of children with missed UTIs in a newly established tertiary care pediatric emergency department (PED). A retrospective chart review was undertaken to identify missed UTIs in children < 3 years old who presented to a children’s hospital’s ED with positive urine cultures. It was found that there was no treatment or follow-up in 12% of positive urine cultures, indicating a missed or possible missed UTI in a significant number of children. Key stakeholders were then gathered and process mapping (PM) was completed, where gaps and barriers were identified and interventions were subsequently implemented. A follow-up chart review was completed to assess the impact of PM in reducing the number of missed UTIs. Following PM and its implementation within the ED, there was no treatment or follow-up in only 1% of cases. Based on our results, the number of potentially missed UTIs in the ED decreased dramatically, indicating that PM can be a successful QI tool in an acute care pediatric setting.

scholarly journals Acute focal bacterial nephritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 98-105
Author(s):  
V. I. Kirillov ◽  
N. A. Bogdanova ◽  
S. Yu. Nikitina ◽  
A. V. Zhukovskaya ◽  
M. A. Nikitin
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Acute Pyelonephritis ◽  
Urinary Infection ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Persistent Fever ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Acute Focal Bacterial Nephritis ◽  
Ultrasound Investigation

A description of 13 clinical cases of acute focal bacterial nephritis in children aged from 1 year to 4 years and 8 months (2.6±1.1 years), made up 1,61% from hospitalized for acute urinary tract infections in accordance with existing ideas about this pathology, is presented.Acute focal bacterial nephritis is a rare variant of acute pyelonephritis that can transform into a purulent process, accompanied by nonspecific signs of acute urinary infection with persistent fever and signs of a systemic inflammatory response, which is recognized by visualization technologies. Ultrasound investigation in the case of acute focal bacterial nephritis usually reveals focuses of hyper-echogenicity of one of the kidneys and/ or signs of nephromegaly. The reserve method for diagnosing pathology is the computerized tomography. Adequate treatment of acute focal bacterial nephritis must include mandatory intravenous administration of antibiotics for at least 3 weeks , which allows for a favorable outcome of the disease.

scholarly journals Spread of Enterococcal Surface Protein in Antibiotic Resistant Entero-coccus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis isolates from Urinary Tract Infections

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Samadi Kafil ◽  
Ashraf Mohabati Mobarez
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Urinary Infection ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Tract Infections

Enterococci rank among leading cause of nosocomial bacteremia and urinary tract infection in hospital and community acquired infections. Several traits that may contribute to enhanced virulence have been identified in Enterococci. Extracellular surface protein (Esp) is a virulence factor that contributes in biofilm formation and resistance to environmental stresses. In this study we aimed to determine occurrence ofespinE. faeciumandE. faecalisisolates isolated from urinary tract infections and to investigate whether there is any correlation between presence ofespand antibiotic resistance. One hundred and sixty six isolates were collected from patients with UTI and after identification by biochemical and PCR, antibiotic resistances were examined. The presence ofespwas investigated by primer-specific PCR. 43.3% of isolates identified asE. faeciumand 56.7% asE. faecalis. Theespgene was found in 76.1% ofE. faeciumisolates and 77.9% ofE. faecalisisolate. There were significant correlation betweenesppositiveE. faeciumand resistance to Vancomycin (p<0.01), also inE.faecaliswe found correlation betweenesppositive and resistance to Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol and Tetracycline (p<0.01, p<0.01, p<0.01 respectively). Occurrence ofespin our isolates from urinary tract infection was high that indicates importance of this gene in urinary tract infections and shows importance of ability to forming biofilm and hydrophobicity of surface of Enterococci for causing urinary infection by Enterococci. Also, our finding showed significant correlation between resistance to antibiotics and presence ofespin Enterococci.

Urinary tract infections in older people

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay E Nicolle
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Urinary Infection ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Indwelling Catheter ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Older Populations

Urinary tract infection is the most common bacterial infection in older populations. It is an important clinical problem across the full spectrum – from elderly persons who are well and living in the community to highly functionally impaired residents of long-term care facilities. Symptomatic urinary infection is a frequent cause of morbidity, and urinary infection is responsible for substantial antimicrobial use. This review summarizes current knowledge relevant to both asymptomatic and symptomatic urinary infection in older populations, and identifies unresolved issues for further study. The discussion is relevant to older individuals without indwelling urethral catheters, unless it is specifically stated that the older person with an indwelling catheter is being addressed.

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