Biochemical composition of the aboveground sweet sorghum biomass under the dry weather conditions of the Volga region

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-126
Author(s):  
V. I. Zhuzhukin ◽  
A. Yu. Garshin
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Volga Region

Prospects of spring wheat cultivation in the conditions of arid Volga region

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Valery Genadievich Popov ◽  
Andrey Vladimirovich Panfilov ◽  
Yuriy Vyacheslavovich Bondarenko ◽  
Konstantin Mikhailovich Doronin ◽  
Evgeny Nikolaevih Martynov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Forest Belts ◽  
Clear Differentiation ◽  
The Impact

The article analyzes the experience of the impact of the system of forest belts and mineral fertilizers on the yield of spring wheat, including on irrigated lands. Vegetation irrigation is designed to maintain the humidity of the active soil layer from germination to maturation at the lower level of the optimum-70-75%, and in the phases of tubulation-earing - flowering - 75-80% NV. However, due to the large differences in zones and microzones of soil and climate conditions and due to the weather conditions of individual years, wheat irrigation regimes require a clear differentiation. In the Volga region in the dry autumn rainfalls give the norm of 800-1000 m3/ha, and in saline soils – 1000-1300 and 3-4 vegetation irrigation at tillering, phases of booting, earing and grain formation the norm 600-650 m3/ha. the impact of the system of forest belts, mineral fertilizers on the yield of spring wheat is closely tied to the formation of microclimate at different distances from forest edges.

scholarly journals Features of the formation of spring wheat grain yield in the Volga region

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Oleg Ivanovich Goryanin ◽  
Elena Vladimirovna Shcherbinina
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Ordinary Chernozem ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Seeding Rate

The results of the study of five seeding rates (variants) in the cultivation of spring durum wheat Bezenchukskaya Niva with seed treatment with Scenic Combi preparation (1.4 l/t) in order to identify the optimal rate are presented. On ordinary chernozem for 2017-2020 in the arid conditions of the Volga region, it was found out that when growing a crop for winter wheat, a decrease in seeding rates contributed to an increase in the coefficient of total and productive bushiness, the weight of grain from the ear and plant, the number of grains from the ear. On average, over the years of research, the yield of spring wheat grain at seeding rates of 2.0-5.0 million/ha was 2.00-2.22 t / ha. Under favorable weather conditions, the yield advantage was the norm of 4.0-5.0 million/ha by 6.2-37 %, in the acutely arid 2.0-3.0 million / ha by 3.4-16.4 % more, compared to other options. Wheat yield was most affected by the air temperature during the growing season (r=-0.97* to -0.99*). Of the elements of the structure, the maximum conjugacy with the yield at the norms of 1.0-4.0 is noted with the number and weight of grain from the ear and plant, the height of the plants (r=0,97*-1,0**). On average, over the years of research, the highest net income was established on the variants with the norm of 3.0-4.0 million / ha-17100.4-17442.8 rubles / ha, which is 761.9-1704.7 rubles/ha (4.7-10.8 %) more than the variants with the norm of 2.0 and 5.0 million/ha. The maximum level of profitability was revealed at the rate of 1.0 million / ha-194.6 %, which is 9.6-41.3% more than the options with the rate of 2.0-4.0 million / ha. Based on the conducted research, the seeding rate of 2.0-4.0 million/ha is recommended for the cultivation of spring durum wheat for commercial purposes. In the original seed production – 1.0 and 2.0 million/ha, providing a multiplication factor of up to 57.8 kg/kg of grain.

PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT VARIETY GRAIN IN CONDITIONSOF MIDDLE VOLGA REGION STEPPE

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Маслова ◽  
Galina Maslova ◽  
Лавренникова ◽  
Olga Lavrennikova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Winter Wheat Variety ◽  
Middle Volga

The purpose of research is to increase the productivity and quality of winter wheat variety trials competitive grain varieties, depending on weather conditions. Studied varieties: Povolzhskaya 86, Kinel’skaya 8, Povolzhskaya niva, Konstantinovskaya. Varieties cultivated by traditional technology, the fresh pair. The data for the 2012-2015 biennium. Grain quality was assessed a number of indicators that characterize its physico-chemical and technological properties: nature grain, vitreous, the strength of flour, protein content, adhesive wine. The maximum value in terms of nature is characterized by grain corn all classes in 2013 and 2014 (782-816 g/l). The high rate of vitreous grains observed in 2012, 2014, 2015 (72-92%). Good data on the same data obtained for the protein content, wet gluten flour strength. It was found that the environmental conditions during the formation and ripening of grain in years of research have a significant impact on productivity and ka-honors winter wheat. The study group of varieties set up in the laboratory breeding and seed, has a rapid rate of accumulation of dry matter. They are adapted to the formation of us, full grain in the conditions of unstable arid climate of the Middle Volga region.

scholarly journals THE RESULTS OF PRODUCTIVITY STUDY OF DIFFERENT SAMPLES OF ALFALFA CHANGEABLE (MEDICAGO VARIA MARTYN) IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Ирина Володина ◽  
Irina Volodina
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Seed Yields

The aim of the research was to increased fodder and seed productivity of variable alfalfa (Medicago varia Martin) in the middle Volga region. The results of the researches made during the period 2012-2014 for incorporated 13 vari-ety samples of alfalfa changeable in the nursery of competitive trials are provided. The most promising population demonstrated economically valuable traits in previous years, from various nurseries of the study were used. Popu-lation was created by the polikross. Weather conditions analysis of the region allows us to conclude that over the 2012-2014 they met the requirements needed for the studied culture, providing a sufficiently high potential of productivity, but the limiting factor for the formation of the vegetative mass of alfalfa is the level of moisture. The data on the possibility of obtaining seeds in the year of sowing in the climatic conditions of the Middle Volga region un-der the condition of early sowing (until 10-12 may) are confirmed. Seed yields in 2012 ranged from 24.7 to 47.8 g/m2. It was found that in different years of moisture supply, taking into regard the conditions of the region, all the studied samples form 2 full-fledged mowing per season. All studied samples can be characterized as highly pro-ductive by vegetative mass and seeds. The dry matter accumulation in the estimated samples in the first mowing of 2013 was 0.65-0.68 kg/m2, in the second – 0.38-0.86 kg/m2. In arid 2013, the highest yield of seeds was obtained 337.5-494.7 g/m2. In 2014, the yield of dry matter both mowing was approximately equivalent 0,56-0,79 kg/m2 and 0.54-0.97 kg/m2 respectively, the average for the samples is 0.66 kg/m2 in the first mowing and 0.67 kg/m2 in the second. The yield of seed populations in 2014 ranged from 22.9 to 55.8 g/m2. All studied samples can be charac-terized as highly productive for the accumulation of dry matter and seed yield.

scholarly journals Biochemical Composition of Tea and its Changes under Different Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-414
Author(s):  
Nataliia Platonova ◽  
Oksana Belous
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Physiology And Biochemistry ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
The Village

Introduction. The present research featured the antioxidant complex of Russian tea varieties. The research objective was to study the formation patterns of the components responsible for the quality characteristics of tea as a raw material and finished product. The paper describes the changes that the biochemical composition of tea undergoes during the growing season and during processing. The study focused on pigments, vitamins, caffeine, and amino acids. Study objects and methods. The research featured the following varieties of tea grown in the Krasnodar region of Russia: “Kolkhida” (control) and “Sochi”; forms – No. 582, 3823, 855, and 2264. The research was performed on the foundation plantation of collection tea in the village of Uch-Dere (Lazarevsky district of Sochi, Krasnodar region, Russia) and in the laboratory of plant physiology and biochemistry. The study involved traditional and advanced research methods. Results and discussion. The paper introduces some results of a comprehensive analysis of the biochemical composition of various tea sorts. Shoots No. 2264, 3823, and the “Sochi” variety demonstrated high values of ascorbic acid. Form No. 3823 and the “Sochi” variety proved to have a relatively stable content of ascorbic acid. All experimental plants had the highest caffeine synthesis in July (from 24.633 to 28.614 μg/100 g). Processing destroyed caffeine and reduced its amount. The experimental samples of raw materials had eleven amino acids, the largest number being synthesized in May. Processing triggered both general changes in their quantity and varietal differences in the metabolic reactions of amino acid conversion. Conclusion. The tea flushes and finished products differed in all biologically active substances, which is associated with both varietal characteristics and the effect of weather conditions during vegetation.

scholarly journals Assessment of resistance of grape varieties to mildew in the steppe zone of the Lower Volga region

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Nikita Valeryevich Ryazantsev ◽  
Yuriy Borisovich Ryabushkin ◽  
Ivan Dmitrievich Eskov
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Grape Varieties

In the article the results of studying the peculiarities of mildew development by the macroscopic diagnostics method on the examples of 33 varieties and hybrid grapes forms in the conditions of the steppe zone of the Lower Volga Area have been reported. Indicators of the maximum infection of leaves, inflorescences and medium infection of vegetative and reproductive organs were characterized by the greatest degree of susceptibility to mildew. The degree of mildew’s distribution and development changed from year to year depending on the current year weather conditions and the features of its development in the previous year. During the seven-year period of observations three years were characterized by epiphytoties mildew. As a result of studying of grapes resistance to mildew, groups of irresistant, tolerant and resistant varieties have been distinguished.

scholarly journals Prospects for cultivating russian varieties and hybrids of sunflower in the Volga region

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Yevgeny Viktorovich Madyakin ◽  
Oleg Ivanovich Goryanin
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Oil Seeds ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Grain Crop ◽  
Traditional Production

The results of research on common Chernozem in the grain crop rotation to identify the effectiveness of cultivating varieties and hybrids according to the traditional production system of sunflower are presented. Under weather conditions at the level and worse than the average annual values, on average for 2017-2019, when testing 11 varieties and hybrids of domestic (3 varieties and 4 hybrids) and foreign selection (4 hybrids), the highest yield of oilseeds was established on hybrids of domestic (Legion, Fanat) – 2.13-2.19 t/ha and foreign selection (Sharks, NSH-6013) – 2.20-2.29 t/ha. The most stable fat content in oil seeds were hybrids 8N358KLDM and Everest, which provided an average of three years of fat production at the level of 51.9-52.7 %, for the highest oil collection per unit area hybrids Fanat, Sharks – 0.99-1.00 t / ha, the maximum net income hybrids Fanat, Sharks and NSX-6013 – 33086,8-35268,8 RUB / ha. The low cost of seeds in the varieties Precocious 87, Saratov 20, Nut, hybrid Fanat contributed to the highest cost recovery – 4.19-4.45 rubles / RUB of costs. Based on the research carried out when cultivating sunflower according to the traditional production system in the Volga region, it is recommended to use a hybrid of domestic selection – Fanat to obtain a high net income. In order to get the maximum return on costs, it is proposed to cultivate early-maturing varieties of Precocious 87, Saratov 20, Nut, and hybrid Fanat.

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