scholarly journals Impact of Weather Conditions on the Variability of the Biochemical Composition of Fruit of Oxycoccus Macrocarpus Ait.Pers. Introduced In Belarus

2017 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Zhanna Rupasova ◽  
Nikolay Pavlovsky ◽  
Vladimir Titok ◽  
Ivan Lishtvan
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Weather Conditions

scholarly journals Biochemical Composition of Tea and its Changes under Different Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-414
Author(s):  
Nataliia Platonova ◽  
Oksana Belous
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Physiology And Biochemistry ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
The Village

Introduction. The present research featured the antioxidant complex of Russian tea varieties. The research objective was to study the formation patterns of the components responsible for the quality characteristics of tea as a raw material and finished product. The paper describes the changes that the biochemical composition of tea undergoes during the growing season and during processing. The study focused on pigments, vitamins, caffeine, and amino acids. Study objects and methods. The research featured the following varieties of tea grown in the Krasnodar region of Russia: “Kolkhida” (control) and “Sochi”; forms – No. 582, 3823, 855, and 2264. The research was performed on the foundation plantation of collection tea in the village of Uch-Dere (Lazarevsky district of Sochi, Krasnodar region, Russia) and in the laboratory of plant physiology and biochemistry. The study involved traditional and advanced research methods. Results and discussion. The paper introduces some results of a comprehensive analysis of the biochemical composition of various tea sorts. Shoots No. 2264, 3823, and the “Sochi” variety demonstrated high values of ascorbic acid. Form No. 3823 and the “Sochi” variety proved to have a relatively stable content of ascorbic acid. All experimental plants had the highest caffeine synthesis in July (from 24.633 to 28.614 μg/100 g). Processing destroyed caffeine and reduced its amount. The experimental samples of raw materials had eleven amino acids, the largest number being synthesized in May. Processing triggered both general changes in their quantity and varietal differences in the metabolic reactions of amino acid conversion. Conclusion. The tea flushes and finished products differed in all biologically active substances, which is associated with both varietal characteristics and the effect of weather conditions during vegetation.

scholarly journals The impact of weather conditions in different years on the biochemical composition of linseed oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 182 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-100
Author(s):  
G. A. Popova ◽  
N. B. Rogalskaya ◽  
N. V. Knyazeva ◽  
V. M. Trofimova ◽  
T. V. Shelenga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
The Impact

Background. Linseed oil is a versatile product with varying biochemical composition. Linseed breeding is aimed at producing cultivars with different chemical properties in their oil. The crop is widespread but the environment has a great effect on its fatty acid  biosynthesis.Materials and methods. The impact of weather conditions on the variations in fatty acids composition was studied. Twenty linseed cultivars and accessions of diverse origin and with varying oil composition from the VIR collection were grown in Tomsk Province in 2016–2018. The content of 15 fatty acids (lauric, myristic, palmitic, palmitoleic, margaric, stearic, oleic, cis-vaccenic, linoleic, linolenic, arachidic, eicosenic, arachido nic, behenic, and lignoceric) was assessed in linseed oil using gas–liquid chromatography.Results. The tested material presented a wide diversity of genes controlling different steps of fatty acids biosynthesis and genetic mechanisms involved in the responses to the changing environment. The analysis of variance proved that the content of oleic, linoleic, linolenic and lignoceric acids was controlled solely by the genotype. The content of palmitic and stearic acids was influenced by both the genotype and environment. The synthesis of lauric and cis-vaccenic acids was significantly affected by the weather. Practically all acids, except linoleic and linolenic ones, showed a very high random variation, which in our experiment included genotype × environment interaction. The accessions differed in the range of variation in their characters under diffe rent conditions. There was no definite regularity in the hanges of fatty acid content in the tested genotypes during 3 years.Conclusion. The assessed genotypes probably possess different regulatory mechanisms for fatty acid biosynthesis. Thus, they present a diverse stock for further investigations into fatty acid biosynthesis and for the development of new linseed cultivars widely adaptable to environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Possibility of biologizing technology for protecting apple and plum trees based on the use of inorganic copper compounds

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 04008
Author(s):  
Galina Yakuba ◽  
Irina Mishchenko ◽  
Yuri Yakuba
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Apple Tree ◽  
Apple Scab ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Copper Compounds ◽  
Calcium Cations ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Pesticide Load

The effectiveness of inorganic copper compounds on apple and plum trees under extreme weather conditions in 2018-2020 has been evaluated. Fungicides Koside 2000, VDG and Champ DP, VDG controlled apple scab by 98-99.6%, preparations Cuproxat, KS and Terpen C, KS blocked plum clotterosporiasis by 85.1-100%. The use of these fungicides did not have a negative effect on the biochemical composition of the fruit. Significant differences between the variants were found in the content of potassium and calcium cations, on the drain, in addition, in the content of sodium and magnesium cations. The possibility of biologization of protection technologies has been established: the use of the fungicide Champ DP, VDG on the apple tree, the replacement of Abiga-Peak, VS on the drain with preparations with lower consumption rates – Kuproksat, KS and Terpen C, KS. This ensures a reduction in the pesticide load on the environment, a decrease in the risk of resistance and the damaging effect of fungicides on trees weakened by stress.

scholarly journals The content of the main chemical elements in sweet cherry fruits of different ripening periods

2021 ◽  
pp. 173-179
Author(s):  
L. Shubenko ◽  
S. Shokh ◽  
Yu. Fedoruk ◽  
D. Mykhailiuk ◽  
A. Vuiko
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Berry Crops ◽  
Early Ripening

The level of biochemical composition of sweet cherry fruits of different ripening periods was investigated. It has been established that the content of chemical elements in sweet cherry fruits depends on a number of factors. Fruits ripening period is listed frstaming the features of the pomological variety. Weather conditions during the formation and ripening of sweet cherry fruits have a signifcant effect on the content of chemicals. The variety Melitopolskaya krapchastaya was revealed to have a high content of dry soluble substances among all the studied varieties. In the group of late-ripening varieties, the smallest difference in the amount of acidifed acids in fruits between varieties is observed. The high content of organic acids was recorded for the Donetsk Ember variety, and the lowest one for the Turquoise variety. On average, for the varieties of different ripening periods, the highest content of organic acids was noted for early ripening varieties, and the lowest one for late ripening varieties. Having considered all the studied varieties as a whole, it can be asserted that the content of titratable acids was the highest in the fruits of the mid-ripening variety Alenushka, in relation to all other varieties; the lowest amount of organic acids was recorded for the late-ripening varieties Amazonka. The sugar content in the fruits of late-ripening sweet cherry varieties exceeded the average values of the groups of early-ripening and mid-ripening varieties. The mid-ripening variety Mirage was characterized by a high content of vitamin C, and the lowest value of this component of the chemical composition was obtained for the early-ripening variety Mlievskaya yellow. Taste qualities and biochemical composition of fruit and berry crops largely depend on the characteristics of the variety and climatic conditions of cultivation.The early ripening varieties Dar Mliyeva and Zoryana received the maximum tasting assessment. In the group of mid-ripening varieties, the Melitopolskaya krapchastaya variety was highly appreciated, and among the late-ripening varieties, the Turyuza variety. Key words: cherry varieties, dry soluble substances, sugars, organic acids, vitamin C, sugar-acid coefcient.

scholarly journals Development of variety technologies for cultivation of potato in the Middle Urals

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (14) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
F. Keyta ◽  
Mihail Karpuhin
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
The Middle Urals ◽  
Feeding Area

Abstract. Potato is one of the most important human foods. It possesses high taste and nutritional properties. The optimal ratio in potato tubers of organic and mineral substances necessary for a person determines its value as a food product. The tubers contain on average 76–78 % of water and 13 to 36 % of dry matter, of which 12–15 % are starch, 1–3 % protein and about 1 % – mineral compounds. Potato proteins have a very high biological value, since they contain a complex of essential amino acids that are not synthesized in the human body and must be obtained from food. Potatoes are an essential source of vitamin C. The studies were carried out on the experimental field of the educational and experimental farm “Uralets” of the Ural State Agrarian University (USAU), the village of “Studencheskiy”, for three years (2016–2018) in the climatic zone of the Middle Urals. Purpose of research. The objective of this study was to study the influence of the feeding area of “Gala” potato, the use of fungicides on the yield and quality of tubers in the conditions of the Middle Urals. Results. The results analysis on the mineral and biochemical composition of tubers showed that the total nitrogen content changed from 0.25 to 0.37 % and did not depend on the feeding area. The phosphorus content varied from 0.034 to 0.063 % and depended on the feeding area, i. e. the less often the plantings were, the more phosphorus was contained. Potassium content fluctuated over the years. The starch content was stable and did not depend on weather conditions and feeding area and ranged from 11.3 to 15.4 %. The tasting result showed that the studied potato variety Gala has high taste. According to the taste assessment, the Gala variety was rated 5 points in the control variant. The variant with the use of the fungicide shirlan yielded to it by 0.5 points. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time in the conditions of the Middle Urals, the influence of the feeding area on the mineral and biochemical composition of potato tubers (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, dry substances, vitamin C and others).

scholarly journals Biological features of Allium nutans L. samples in the Bashkir Cis-Urals in the introduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 211 (08) ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
Lenvera Tuhvatullina ◽  
Oleg Zhigunov
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Minimum Amount ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Adverse Weather

Abstract. The purpose – to study under cultural conditions in the Bashkir Cis-Urals three samples of Allium nutans L.: Bashkir, Novosibirsk (broadleaf and narrow-leaved form). Studied: phenology, biomorphology, reproduction, agricultural technology and biochemical composition. Methods. The study was conducted in 2017–2020 at the collection site of onions in the South Ural Botanical Garden-Institute of the UFRC RAS. Analysis of the seasonal rhythm of growth and development, winter resistance, resistance to adverse weather conditions, pests and diseases, reproduction rate and seed productivity was carried out according to generally accepted recommendations. Results. Drooping onion is a long-lasting medium-late-flowering plant. Spring growth of A. nutans samples occurs in the 2nd–3rd decade of April, leaf growth in the spring is initially expressed in accelerating the growth processes of last year's etiolated leaves, and only then new young leaves come to the soil surface. The appearance of the flower arrow occurs in mid-June, the beginning of budding falls on the 2nd–3rd decades of June and lasts 30–35 days. Novosibirsk samples bloom in mid-July, the Bashkir sample – a week later. The flowering phase lasts an average of 35–41 days. Seeds ripen in August-September. In Novosibirsk samples, seeds mature in 16–19 days, in the Bashkir sample – in 25 days. The maximum number of seeds forms the Bashkir sample 647–1031 pcs. (average 835.0 ± 53.5). Scientific novelty. For the first time, the biochemical composition of samples of this onion was made and analyzed. According to the maximum accumulation of vitamin C and carotene, the Bashkir sample differs (104.92 mg% and 166.4 mg/kg, respectively). In the Novosibirsk sample (narrow-leaved form), the maximum amount of sugar and starch (8.8 and 6.12%, respectively) and the minimum amount of vitamin C (41.53 mg%) were found. The Novosibirsk sample (broadleaf form) contains more protein (17.06%) and a minimum amount of carotene (83.2 mg/kg). According to other indicators (solid, nitrogen, raw fat), the studied samples differ little from each other.

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