Ecological Variability, Stability, and Plasticity of Winter Rye on Grain Quality Features

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 423-431
Author(s):  
A. A. Goncharenko ◽  
A. V. Makarov ◽  
M. A. Kuzmich ◽  
S. A. Ermakov ◽  
T. V. Semenova ◽  
...  
Author(s):  
A.A. GONCHARENKO ◽  
◽  
A.V. MAKAROV ◽  
M.A. KUZMICH ◽  
S.A. ERMAKOV ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Ponomareva ◽  
S. N. Ponomarev

The purpose of this work was to evaluate the phenotypic variability of grain quality indicators and to identify the set of the most informative indicators for the selection of different use varieties of winter rye. The research was carried out in Tatar Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture – Subdivision of the “Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences” in 2001–2015 on 15 varieties of winter rye. Twenty parameters defining quality of grain and raw value were estimated: technological indicators (thousand grain mass, full-scale weight and grain uniformity), parameters preharvest sprouting (falling number, rate of amylogram, temperature of peak of starch gelatinization), kinematic water extract viscosity (WEV) of grain meal, baking properties (organoleptic assessment of trial baking bread). The greatest influence of genotype was found on WEV (34.8 %) and protein content (27.8 %). These features should be primarily the subject of phenotypic evaluation in the breeding process. Phenotypic variability of criteria of carbohydrate-amylase complex, α-amylases activity and technological parameters was determined predominantly (68.6…82.5 %) by environmental factors. There was no significant relationship between falling number and protein content. The falling number correlated with the rate of amylogram and the temperature of gelatinization. Positive conjugation of the average power of WEV with the rate of amylogram and falling number was found. On the basis of a prolonged phenotypic evaluation using principal component analysis we have optimized the analyzed indicators of quality properties of winter rye grain. For breeding evaluation of winter rye it is proposed to use four integral indi cators having the greatest weight load: protein content, falling number, water extract viscosity and thousand grain mass. This complex of features will provide objectivity and completeness of the evaluation of the breeding material. It was shown that the kinematic viscosity of the water extract should become an important selection index, both for determining the baking qualities of rye, and for revealing the fodder grain advantages.


2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (66) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
A.A. Goncharenko ◽  
◽  
A.V. Makarov ◽  
S.A. Ermakov ◽  
T.V. Semenova ◽  
...  

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kibite ◽  
J. Chong ◽  
J. G. Menzies ◽  
K. Turkington ◽  
B. McCallum ◽  
...  

Kaufmann is a high-yielding, disease-resistant spring oat ( Avena sativa L.) with improved kernel characteristics and milling quality features. It is resistant to >98% of the crown rust [ Puccinia coronata Corda var. avenea (W.P. Fraser & Ledingham)] isolates found in western Canada. It is also resistant to almost all prevalent races of stem rust (caused by P. graminis Pers. f. sp. avenae Eriks & Henn.), except race NA-67, and all races of loose smut (caused by Ustilago avenae (Pers.) Rostr.) and covered smut (caused by U. kolleri Wille) found in western Canada Kaufmann is moderately susceptible to the PAV strain of BYDV. It has performed at a level equal to or significantly better than AC Medallion in agronomic and grain quality features. It is best adapted t o the Black Soil Zone of Manitoba and the Brown Soil Zone of Saskatchewan, where it has yielded significantly more than AC Medallion while having better lodging resistance and improved grain quality. Key words:


2015 ◽  
Vol 0 (108) ◽  
pp. 25-35
Author(s):  
А. А. Гончаренко ◽  
С. А. Ермаков ◽  
А. В. Макаров ◽  
Т. В. Семенова ◽  
В. Н. Точилин ◽  
...  

1988 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. D. Kobylyanskij

The main problems encountered in breeding winter rye in the northwestern region are: winterhardiness, lodging resistance, disease resistance and grain quality. Winterhardiness in the northwest of the USSR depends on the resistance of rye to snow mould. Varieties from the USSR (Vyatka, Falenskaja, Udinskaja, Narymskaja 23 and some others) and Austria (Lungauer Tauern, Schlager) as well as many varieties from Finland present valuable material for breeding for winterhardiness. The breeding of short-strawed varieties was promoted considerably by the use of donors with the dominant type of inheritance of the short straw characteristic (EM-1, k-10028) and many forms and varieties created on their basis. Nine commercial varieties with a high yield potential and winterhardiness were bred. Short-strawed donors resistant to powdery mildew and brown rust (Imering 4, Fletera 2, Immunnaja 5), unique in their kind and very valuable, were bred by introgression of the genes for resistance, which had been discovered in the populations of wild species and older varieties. A strategy of breeding rye for disease resistance is suggested. In breeding to improve grain quality, a gene bank of varieties, in which the stability of high grain quality is retained, is valuable. Some varieties have a protein content in the grain of 10 %, with a lysine content in the protein of 4 % or more (Marienhofer, Wieselburger, Kisvardai). Four short-strawed analogues of commercial varieties (Ural’skaja HI, Tchishminskaja HI, Kustro HI, Stalrug HI) are close to the variety Otello as to their baking qualities. The material presented on the inheritance of characteristics contributes to the selection of donors when new varieties are bred.


2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
Иван Таланов ◽  
Ivan Talanov

Investigations established, that when presowing seed treatment with electromagnetic fields of an extremely high frequency of ranges of different intensities, the seeding properties of seeds are improved, the field germination of seeds increases and the plants are preserved for harvesting. The combined application of electromagnetic interference (30 m) and chemical disinfectant Vial TT (2 kg per ton) with seed dressing resulted in a decrease in plant damage caused by root rot and leaf-stalk mycoses, increased prodcutivity and grain quality. The maximum harvest of winter rye is 3.84 tons per hectare on the seed treatment option “Extremely high frequency - 30 m + Vial TT -2 kg per ton” and applying estimated doses of NPK by 4.0 tons per hectare. The addition of grain yield from the joint application of preseeding seed treatment of extremely high frequency of 30 m. + Vial TT -2 kg / t on a background without fertilizers was 0.45 tons per hectare, on a fertilized background - 0.49 tons per hectare.


2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Goncharenko ◽  
S. V. Krakhmalev ◽  
S. A. Ermakov ◽  
A. V. Makarov ◽  
T. V. Semenova ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Л.П. Иванова ◽  
О.А. Щуклина ◽  
И.Н. Ворончихина ◽  
В.В. Ворончихин ◽  
С.В. Завгородний ◽  
...  

Исследования проведены в 2013–2018 годах в условиях ЦРНЗ РФ (Московская область, Истринский район). Трититригия (×Trititrigia cziczinii Tsvelev) — это новый синтетический вид, созданный Н. В. Цициным и его коллегами методом многоступенчатой гибридизации. Уникальность культуры заключается в адаптивности, неприхотливости, устойчивости к ряду заболеваний, способности к регенерации после каждого укоса или уборки на зерно, многолетности некоторых линий, повышенном качестве зерна (содержание белка — 17,9–19,1%, клейковины 30,2–36,0%). Родительскими формами при создании трититригии в разные годы являлись перспективные сорта озимой и яровой пшеницы отечественной и зарубежной селекции и два вида пырея — Agropyron glaucum Roem. et Shult. (=Elytrigia intermedia (Host) Nevski subsp. Intermedia) и A. elongatum Roem. et Shult. (=E. elongate (Host) Nevski). Цель исследований — сравнить современные линии трититригии по урожайности зерна и зелёной массы с традиционными зерновыми культурами региона: озимыми пшеницей и рожью. В среднем за 6 лет исследований было получено от 27,7 до 35,1 т/га зелёной массы и от 12,3 (линия ЗП 548) до 13,7 т/га (линия ЗП 1692) сена. При этом урожайность сена озимых пшеницы и ржи оказалась в 2–3 раза меньше, чем трититригии. Урожайность зерна трититригии составила от 2,7 (ЗП 548) до 3,2 т/га (М 3202). Сорт трититригии Памяти Любимовой (стандарт) в среднем сформировал 2,9 т/га зерна, что на 1,5 и 1,1 т/га ниже, чем урожайность озимого пшенично-элимусного гибрида Рубежная и сортообразца озимой ржи Снегирёвская соответственно. Линия ЗП 1692 отрастающего типа трититригии рекомендуется для передачи на испытание в Госссорткомиссию в качестве сорта зернокормового направления. The investigation took place in the Central Non-Chernozem zone (the Moscow region, Istra district) in 2013–2018. Trititrigia (×Trititrigia cziczinii Tsvelev) is a new synthetic species created by N. V. Tsitsin and his colleagues with multistage hybridization method. The crop’s uniqueness lies in its adaptability, unpretentiousness, resistance to a number of diseases, the ability to regenerate after each mowing or harvesting for grain, the perenniality of some lines, and increased grain quality (protein content 17.9–19.1%, gluten 30.2–36,0%). In different years, the promising varieties of winter and spring wheat of domestic and foreign breeding and two species of wheatgrass (Agropyron glaucum Roem et Shult (=Elytrigia intermedia (Host) Nevski subsp. Intermedia) and A. elongatum Roem et Shult (=E. elongate (Host) Nevski)) were used as a parental forms for creating trititrigia. The research aimed at comparing grain and green mass yields of modern trititrigia lines with conventional grain crops — winter wheat and rye. Green mass yield varied from 27.7 to 35.1 t ha-1, hay yield — from 12.3 (line “ZP 548”) to 13.7 t ha-1 (line “ZP 1692”). At the same time, hay yields of winter wheat and rye were 2–3 times less than that of trititrigia. Grain yield of trititrigia was from 2.7 (“ZP 548”) to 3.2 t ha-1 (line “M 3202”). The trititrigia variety “Pamyati Lyubimovoy” (standard) formed 2.9 t ha-1 of grain — 1.5 and 1.1 t ha-1 less than that of the winter wheat-elimus hybrid “Rubezhnaya” and the winter rye line “Snegirevskaya”, respectively. The regrowing trititrigia line “ZP 1692” is recommended to the State Commission for Selection Achievements Test and Protection as a grain-fodder variety.


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