scholarly journals The study of the antimicrobial susceptibility of the swine erysipelas causative agent strains and isolates to antibiotics

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 92-100
Author(s):  
O.A. Tarasov ◽  
N.V. Hudz ◽  
S.M. Tereschenko
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Swine Erysipelas

scholarly journals Characterization of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae Isolates from Diseased Pigs in 15 Chinese Provinces from 2012 to 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2615
Author(s):  
Chao Wu ◽  
Changjie Lv ◽  
Ya Zhao ◽  
Weifeng Zhu ◽  
Liang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Erysipelothrix Rhusiopathiae ◽  
Gyra Gene ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Clinical Prevention ◽  
Swine Erysipelas ◽  
And Control

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae can cause erysipelas in animals and erysipeloid in humans. Since its recurrence in 2012, swine erysipelas has caused serious losses within the pig industry in China. The aim of this study was to perform multilocus sequence typing and understand the virulence and antimicrobial susceptibility of E. rhusiopathiae isolates in China. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) of a total of 120 strains was performed, and as a result, three different sequence types were identified, of which ST48 was the main one. Five isolates of each MLST type were randomly selected to be used to challenge mice. ST48 was associated with a higher virulence. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested using a microdilution technique and, to analyze the resistance mechanism, six strains were selected for genome sequencing. A comparison of the six genomes indicated the presence of a suspected macrolide resistance gene, namely, Erm(A)-like, in erythromycin-resistant strains, which increased the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of erythromycin against E. coli C600 at least four-fold. In addition, three mutations (gyrA86T-I, gyrA90D-N, and parC81S-I) were observed in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of gyrA and parC in quinolone-resistant strains. After the gyrA gene with the 86T-I mutation or the parC gene with the 81S-I mutation was transfected into E. coli C600, the MIC of enrofloxacin against this strain increased at least two-fold. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for developing antibacterial drugs and may contribute to the clinical prevention and control of E. rhusiopathiae.

Antimicrobial activity of enrofloxacin in vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
D.V. Yurin ◽  
◽  
V. V. Nevzorova ◽  
A.A. Balbutskaya ◽  
S.S. Belimova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Salmonella Dublin ◽  
Streptococcus Uberis ◽  
Swine Erysipelas ◽  
Diffusion Assay ◽  
Corre Spondence

Continuouse use of enrofloxacin contributes to emergence of enrofloxacin-resistant mi-crobial resistance, isolated and reported late-ly. In this study we deal with the spread of resistance of enrofloxacin among pathogenic organisms, infecting animals. The suscepti-bility to enrofloxacin was studied in standard disc diffusion assay. We studied 437 bacteri-al isolates in total. Salmonella dublin and Sal-monella typhimurium showed the highest suscepti-bility to enrofloxacin (100%); Salmonella enter-itidis and Salmonella choleraesuis proved a bit less susceptibility (95% and 94,7%). 5% of S. enter-itidis isolates and 5.3% of S. choleraesuis isolates had intermediate susceptibility. We did not register any resistance of isolates of Salmonella, Pasteurella and Morganella (Pasteurella multocida, Morganel-la morganii). 83.9% of Escherichiacoli strains proved susceptibility to enrofloxacin, the zone of retardation in 6.4% of the isolates was in corre-spondence with intermediate susceptibility, 9.7% of the isolates proved to be resistant. 90,9% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in our study was susceptible to enrofloxacin, 9.1% of them had intermediate susceptibility. The isolates of Strepto-coccus spp. and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius re-vealed high susceptibility to enrofloxacin, also as Listeria monocytogenes (causative agent of listeriosis)and Erysipe-lothrix rhusiopathiae (causative agent of swine erysipelas). 87.5% of the coagulase negative staphylococci proved susceptible to enrofloxacin; 6.25% of the isolates were resistant or had intermediate susceptibility. The shares of susceptible isolates of Staphylococcus hyicus, Staphylococ-cus aureus and Streptococcus uberis were respec-tively 65.1%, 75%, 75%. The shares of isolates with intermediate susceptibility of the same spp. were respectively 9.3%, 15%, 25%. The shares of resistant isolates of Staphylococci were respective-ly 25.6% and 10%. We found no strains of Str. uberis with resistance to enrofloxacin. As for Enterococci, 52.4% of the isolates were enrofloxacin-susceptible, 11,9% and 37,7% of them were re-spectively enrofloxacin-resistant or had intermedi-ate susceptibility. Presently most Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria have no resistance to enroflox-acin. Notwithstanding that enrofloxacin is signifi-cantly less effective against such pathogenic organ-isms as Staphylococci and Streptococci.

scholarly journals Detection of Swine Erysipelas and Serotypes and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae Isolates from Slaughter Pigs

1996 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-275
Author(s):  
Youko MIYAO ◽  
Hiroyuki TSUKUDA ◽  
Masako YOHIHARA ◽  
Teruyasu SUZUKI ◽  
Masahiko KINOSHITA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Erysipelothrix Rhusiopathiae ◽  
Slaughter Pigs ◽  
Swine Erysipelas

Rapid Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Gram Negative Bacteria Detected in Positive Blood Culture Bottles

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevine Nabil Kassem ◽  
Hala Mahmoud Hafez ◽  
Dalia H Abdelhamid ◽  
Ola Ali Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Positive Blood Culture ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile ◽  
Direct Primary

Abstract Background Blood stream infection (BSI) is one of the most serious situations in infectious disease .Accurate and timely identification of the causative agent and determination of its antimicrobial susceptibility profile are essential for guiding targeted and effective antimicrobial treatment. Current methods involve culturing of blood in a liquid medium and subsequently subculturing of signal positive bottles on solid media in order to obtain isolated colonies that can be further used in identification and susceptibility testing of the isolates. The standard method requires additional 48-72hours following the appearance of a positive signal in order to provide a reliable patient report. On the other hand, rapid identification of the causative agent and determination of its susceptibility profile by direct inoculation of the biochemical test media with the blood-broth mixtures from signal positive bottles and performing primary susceptibility testing might help reducing the time needed for provision of results compared to the standard isolated-colony based method and hence would help the rapid initiation of effective and targeted antimicrobial therapy and reduce the bacteremia-related morbidity and mortality. Objective The aim of the present study was to determine the accuracy and precision of the non-standard methods (direct identification and susceptibility testing using the blood/broth mixture) by comparing its results to those of the standard isolate-based identification and susceptibility testing methods. Material and method The study included 52 signal blood culture bottles yielding gram negative isolates. Bottles were selected amongst blood culture bottles submitted to the Main Microbiology laboratory, Ain Shams University hospital, for culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing during the period between May 2018 and October 2018. a portion of the blood-broth mixture was aspirated from positive blood culture bottles, after being well mixed, and was subcultured onto agar media for the isolation of the causative agent and subsequently determination of its antimicrobial susceptibility profile was performed. Another part of the aspirated blood-broth mixture was diluted with sterile saline, its turbidity was adjusted against a 0.5McFarland standard and was used to inoculate directly the biochemical test media panel used for the identification of gram negative organisms as well as to perform direct (primary) antimicrobial susceptibility. Results The present study revealed there was 100% categorical agreement between the results of the direct biochemical inoculation method and those of the standard isolate-based inoculation method regarding the identification of the causative agent. The results of the direct biochemical identification method were also consistent giving rise to a 100% withinrun precision categorical agreement and a 100% between-run precision categorical agreement. The overall categorical agreement between the results of the standard isolate-based AST method and the results of the direct (primary susceptibility) AST method was 96.3% for the signal blood culture media. The major error rate was 0.5% whereas the minor error rate was 3.3% . Consistent results were also obtained for the AST done directly from the signal blood culture bottles since the between-run and within-run precision categorical agreement were 96.3% and 98.6%, respectively. Conclusion the overall performance of the AST done directly from positive blood culture bottles fulfilled the acceptable performance criteria specified in the Cumitech 31A so the direct method can be used for the earlier determination of AST and identification of Gram negative bacteria and thus to reduce the time for early initiation of appropriate antibiotic

scholarly journals Empirical Antibiotic Therapy of Sepsis in Surgical Intensive Care Unit

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Mihaljević ◽  
Slobodan Mihaljević ◽  
Ivan Vasilj ◽  
Semra Čavaljuga ◽  
Fadila Serdarević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Empirical Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care

Retrospective study was conducted in surgical intensive care unit (ICU) in Clinical Hospital Center Zagreb in 2005. The aim of study was to create guidelines for empirical antibiotic therapy of sepsis in ICU for unknown causative agent based on antimicrobial susceptibility of causative bacteria.Thirty-two patients with severe sepsis were included in study and from medical records their clinical and microbiological data were analyzed. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the strains isolated from the blood-culture was tested by disk diffusion method according to CLSI (Clinical Laboratory Standard Institution). We used APACHE II score to predict the severity of illness. Mann-Whitney test and χ2 test were used to test statistical significance difference between results.Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the predominant causative agent. Acinetobacter baumannii was displaying excellent susceptibility to ampicillin+sulbactam and carbapenems, whereas Pseudomonas aeruginosa was showed good susceptibility on ceftazidim and carbapenems. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), third predominant causative agent exhibiting good susceptibility to vancomycin and linezolide.The recommended therapy is empirical antibiotic therapy and should cover all important pathogens.

scholarly journals Bacterial etiologic agents of ocular infection in children in the Islmic Republic of Iran

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Sh. Modarres ◽  
A. Lasheii ◽  
N. N. Oskoii
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Feature ◽  
Ocular Infection ◽  
Etiologic Agents ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Bacterial agents of ocular infection were studied in 485 children under 14 years of age from October 1993 to February 1995. Aerobic and anaerobic bacteriological methods and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were used. Conjunctivitis was the most common clinical feature [77.9%]. Bacterial agents were detected in the ocular samples of 66.8% of children and Staphylococcus aureus was the most common causative agent, being responsible for 28% of all cases. The frequency of ocular infection in patients aged 0-2 years was significantly higher than other age groups [P = 0.04]. Approximately 84% of all bacteria were sensitive to chloramphenicol

Scanning electron microscopy of erythrophagocytosis by Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 880-881
Author(s):  
Victor Tsutsumi ◽  
Adolfo Martinez-Palomo ◽  
Kyuichi Tanikawa
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Complex Phenomenon ◽  
Great Capacity ◽  
Scanning Electron

The protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of amebiasis in man. The trophozoite or motile form is a highly dynamic and pleomorphic cell with a great capacity to destroy tissues. Moreover, the parasite has the singular ability to phagocytize a variety of different live or death cells. Phagocytosis of red blood cells by E. histolytica trophozoites is a complex phenomenon related with amebic pathogenicity and nutrition.

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