Antimicrobial activity of enrofloxacin in vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
D.V. Yurin ◽  
◽  
V. V. Nevzorova ◽  
A.A. Balbutskaya ◽  
S.S. Belimova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Salmonella Dublin ◽  
Streptococcus Uberis ◽  
Swine Erysipelas ◽  
Diffusion Assay ◽  
Corre Spondence

Continuouse use of enrofloxacin contributes to emergence of enrofloxacin-resistant mi-crobial resistance, isolated and reported late-ly. In this study we deal with the spread of resistance of enrofloxacin among pathogenic organisms, infecting animals. The suscepti-bility to enrofloxacin was studied in standard disc diffusion assay. We studied 437 bacteri-al isolates in total. Salmonella dublin and Sal-monella typhimurium showed the highest suscepti-bility to enrofloxacin (100%); Salmonella enter-itidis and Salmonella choleraesuis proved a bit less susceptibility (95% and 94,7%). 5% of S. enter-itidis isolates and 5.3% of S. choleraesuis isolates had intermediate susceptibility. We did not register any resistance of isolates of Salmonella, Pasteurella and Morganella (Pasteurella multocida, Morganel-la morganii). 83.9% of Escherichiacoli strains proved susceptibility to enrofloxacin, the zone of retardation in 6.4% of the isolates was in corre-spondence with intermediate susceptibility, 9.7% of the isolates proved to be resistant. 90,9% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in our study was susceptible to enrofloxacin, 9.1% of them had intermediate susceptibility. The isolates of Strepto-coccus spp. and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius re-vealed high susceptibility to enrofloxacin, also as Listeria monocytogenes (causative agent of listeriosis)and Erysipe-lothrix rhusiopathiae (causative agent of swine erysipelas). 87.5% of the coagulase negative staphylococci proved susceptible to enrofloxacin; 6.25% of the isolates were resistant or had intermediate susceptibility. The shares of susceptible isolates of Staphylococcus hyicus, Staphylococ-cus aureus and Streptococcus uberis were respec-tively 65.1%, 75%, 75%. The shares of isolates with intermediate susceptibility of the same spp. were respectively 9.3%, 15%, 25%. The shares of resistant isolates of Staphylococci were respective-ly 25.6% and 10%. We found no strains of Str. uberis with resistance to enrofloxacin. As for Enterococci, 52.4% of the isolates were enrofloxacin-susceptible, 11,9% and 37,7% of them were re-spectively enrofloxacin-resistant or had intermedi-ate susceptibility. Presently most Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria have no resistance to enroflox-acin. Notwithstanding that enrofloxacin is signifi-cantly less effective against such pathogenic organ-isms as Staphylococci and Streptococci.

scholarly journals Is Staphylococcus lugdunensis Significant in Clinical Samples?

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 3167-3174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Argemi ◽  
Yves Hansmann ◽  
Philippe Riegel ◽  
Gilles Prévost
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Staphylococcus Lugdunensis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Severe Infections ◽  
Microbiological Data

ABSTRACTThe implication of coagulase-negative staphylococci in human diseases is a major issue, particularly in hospital settings wherein these species often act as opportunistic pathogens. In addition, some coagulase-negative staphylococci such asS. lugdunensishave emerged as pathogenic bacteria, implicated in severe infections, particularly, osteoarticular infections, foreign-body-associated infections, bacteremia, and endocarditis.In vitrostudies have shown the presence of several putative virulence factors such as adhesion factors, biofilm production, and proteolytic factors that might explain clinical manifestations. Taken together, the clinical and microbiological data might change the way clinicians and microbiologists look atS. lugdunensisin clinical samples.

scholarly journals In Vitro Assessment for Antimicrobial Activity of Lactobacillus Helveticus and its Natural Glycopeptides Against Mastitis Causing Pathogens in Dairy Cat

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gundega Gulbe ◽  
Anda Valdovska ◽  
Vaira Saulite ◽  
Jevgenijs Jermolajevs
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Lactobacillus Helveticus ◽  
Haemolytic Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci

Probiotic lactic acid bacteria have a great potential to control bovine mastitis as well as they are favourable choice to treat many infectious diseases of human. These bacteria are well known as having many properties which make them beneficial to control pathogenic microorganisms. These include, the ability to adhere to cell, the reduction of pathogenic bacteria adherents, the co–aggregation, the production of organic acids, hydrogen peroxide, bacteriocin and etc., to be safe and non–pathogenic, which antagonize pathogenic microorganisms. However, each strain must be well identified and characterized in vitro before using for disease treatment. The aim of the present study was to screen three kind of test suspensions: TS1, TS2 and TS3, which contains probiotic lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus helveticus or its natural glycopeptides, and other natural immunomodulators, in order to investigate which content were the most effective in inhibiting several mastitis causing bacteria in dairy cattle: coagulase–positive Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase–negative staphylococci S. haemolyticus, S. saprophyticus, S. simulans, S. vitulinus, and Gram–negative bacteria Citrobacter freundii and Serratia liquefaciens. Test suspensions TS1, TS2 and TS3 were adjusted by pH 6.3, then tested in vitro by well diffusion assay to determine their antimicrobial effect against bacteria. Furthermore haemolytic activity of applied test suspensions were determined. In results TS1 (9-13 mm) and TS2 (10-15 mm) showed the inhibition effect on four of eight tested bacterial strains, whereas TS3 did not displayed any antimicrobial effect. TS2 have a greatest antimicrobial activity as they resulted in the largest inhibition zones.

scholarly journals Biofilms of pathogenic bacteria in pig industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-209
Author(s):  
O.V. Kolchyk ◽  
A.I. Buzun ◽  
A.P. Paliy
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Combination Drugs ◽  
Pig Farm

In the industrial pig farm for 26 thousand heads, the analysis of the influence of a forage factor on bacteria carriers of a uterine pig population in connection with mass morbidity of dairy piglets on anaerobic enterotoxemia is carried out. Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia, Pasteurella multocida, Clostridium perfringens, Neisseria spp., Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger which are able to form biofilms, were isolated from five samples of “SK-1” compound feed for pregnant sows and from the blood of animals (n=20) fed with this compound feed. The structural basis of the most stable biofilms in vitro were the aerobic fungi Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. Biofilm-forming variants of these bacteria showed multidrug resistance to 30 antimicrobial drugs (synthetic penicillins, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, combination drugs). Isolates of associative microflora isolated from the blood of sows were pathogenic for 30% of laboratory mice. It was found that probiotic agent No1 (composition based on Bischofite with probiotics) showed the universal bactericidal activity against the bacteria Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia, Pasteurella multocida, Clostridium perfringens, Neisseria spp.

scholarly journals Ocorrência de patógenos causadores de mastite subclínica no município de Jaguapitã, estado do Paraná - Brasil

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 3233
Author(s):  
Edivaldo Maziero Soethe ◽  
Mauricio Zampronio Affonso ◽  
Antonio Francisco Chaves Neto ◽  
Luiz Carlos Negri Filho ◽  
Dalton Evert Bronkhorst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Streptococcus Uberis ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius

<p>The aim of this research was to identify the occurrence of pathogens causing subclinical mastitis in grade B milk farms of the Jaguapitã county, state of Paraná, Brazil. California Mastitis Test (CMT) were carried out in 400 milk samples from 100 animals and 157 teats from 55 animals (55%) were positive, showed score two or higher to CMT. When these 157 positive samples to CMT were transported for bacterial culture in blood agar, 25.48% (40/157) samples showed no bacterial growth or more than two types of bacterial colonies grew, 28.03% (44/157) were Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), 8.28% (13/157) were <em>Streptococcus uberis</em>, 7.64% (12/157) were <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, 7.64% (12/157) were <em>Corynebacterium </em>spp, 7.01% (11/157) were <em>Staphylococcus intermedius</em>, 4.46% (7/157) were <em>Staphylococcus hyicus</em>, 3.82% (6/157) were <em>Bacillus </em>spp., 2.55% (4/157) were <em>Streptococcus dysgalacteae</em>, Enterobacteria and Yeasts. We conclude that CNS is the most relevant subclinical mastitis causative agent.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>

scholarly journals Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria as Probiotic Candidate to Overcome the Salmonellosis in Broiler

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Siti Chotiah ◽  
Rini Damayanti
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Foodborne Disease ◽  
Veterinary Science ◽  
Probiotic Potential ◽  
Streptococcus Uberis ◽  
Livestock Products

<p>can endanger human health if they contain antibiotic residues in livestock products that can cause resistance to germs in the human body when consuming them. Along with the enactment of a policy to limit the use of antibiotics in animal feed, the use of probiotics as a substitute is urgently needed. This research has been conducted in the Research Center for Veterinary Science in<br />order to produce probiotic candidates to control the growth of Salmonella sp in chickens that have the potential to pollute the environment and cause foodborne disease. Research on probiotics in chicken has conducted in Indonesian Research Center for Veterinary Science in order to produce probiotic candidates to control the growth of Salmonella sp. in chicken that potentially contaminated the environment causing foodborne disease. The present study aims to evaluate the probiotic potential of indigenous bacteria isolated from cattle in Bogor and select candidates to be used as probiotic. The study was initiated by screening local<br />isolates for probiotic, following by inhibition test against a target of pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella enterica serotype of Typhimurium B0046/ATCC 13311 and serotype of Enteritidis B2893/ATCC 13076), pathogenicity in vitro, survival in the<br />chicken gut, and the lifespan in the lyophilized container. The results showed that six isolates bacteria consisting of Aerococcus viridans B2776, Bifidobacterium dentium B2754 and B2755, Enterococcus faecium B2758, Lactobacillus casei B2752, and Streptococcus uberis B2757 had been selected as the candidate for probiotics. They had specifications namely: anti-microbial<br />substance (in vitro) against S. enterica serotype Typhimurium BCC B0046 and serotype Enteritidis BCC B2893, not pathogenic, able to form colonies in intestinal broilers for 40 days with concentrations of &gt;1010 CFU/gram with lifespan up to one year (lyophilized), using protectant serum of inositol 5% or 7,5% skim milk at 5C with concentrations &gt;log10 CFU/ml. The potential<br />characteristics qualified them as probiotics against pathogenic bacteria and could be used to control salmonellosis in the broiler.</p>

In vitro ability of mastitis causing pathogens to form biofilms

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Schönborn ◽  
Nicole Wente ◽  
Jan-Hendrik Paduch ◽  
Volker Krömker
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Intramammary Infections ◽  
Microbial Biofilms ◽  
Streptococcus Uberis ◽  
Important Virulence Factor ◽  
Cure Rates ◽  
Main Factor

This Research Communication describes the study of in vitro biofilm formation of mastitis causing pathogens. Biofilms are communities of bacteria that are attached to a surface and to each other and are embedded in a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substances. Biofilm formation is an important virulence factor that may result in recurrent or persistent udder infections and treatment failure through increased resistance to antibiotics and protection against host defences. In the present study 252 bacterial isolates from milk samples from bovine udder quarters with intramammary infections were examined with Congo Red agar (CRA) method and tube method (TM) for their ability to form biofilms. Both tests revealed a high number of biofilm-positive strains. Literature reports that the cure rates for Staphylococcus aureus infected udders are lower (27%) in comparison to cure rates of Streptococcus uberis (64–81%) or coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) mastitis (80–90%). The findings of the present study suggest that biofilm formation is not the main factor for the differences in cure rates of the various bacteria genera, because all tested pathogen groups showed a similarly high proportion of biofilm formation. Further research is needed to detect microbial biofilms on bovine udder epithelia.

scholarly journals Comparative In Vitro Activities of ABT-773 against Aerobic and Anaerobic Pathogens Isolated from Skin and Soft-Tissue Animal and Human Bite Wound Infections

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 2525-2529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellie J. C. Goldstein ◽  
Diane M. Citron ◽  
C. Vreni Merriam ◽  
Yumi Warren ◽  
Kerin Tyrrell
Keyword(s):  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Bite Wound ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Human Bite ◽  
Agar Dilution

ABSTRACT We studied the comparative in vitro activities of ABT-773, a new ketolide, against 268 aerobic and 148 anaerobic recent isolates from clinical bites using an agar dilution method and inocula of 104 CFU/spot for aerobes and 105 CFU for anaerobes. The following are the MIC ranges and MICs at which 90% of isolates are inhibited (MIC90s) of ABT-773 for various isolates, respectively: Pasteurella multocida andPasteurella septica, 0.125 to 2 and 1 μg/ml; otherPasteurella species, 0.125 to 1 and 0.5 μg/ml;Corynebacterium spp., 0.015 to 0.06 and 0.015 μg/ml;Staphylococcus aureus, 0.03 to 0.06 and 0.06 μg/ml; coagulase-negative staphylococci, 0.015 to >32 and 32 μg/ml; streptococci, 0.015 to 0.03 and 0.03 μg/ml; Eikenella corrodens, 0.25 to 1 and 1 μg/ml; and Bergeyella zoohelcum, 0.03 to 0.25 and 0.06 μg/ml. For anaerobes the MIC ranges and MIC90s of ABT-773 were as follows, respectively:Prevotella heparinolytica, 0.06 to 0.125 and 0.125 μg/ml;Prevotella spp., 0.015 to 0.125 and 0.06 μg/ml;Porphyromonas spp., 0.015 to 0.03 and 0.015 μg/ml;Fusobacterium nucleatum, 0.5 to 8 and 8 μg/ml; otherFusobacterium spp., 0.015 to 8 and 0.5 μg/ml;Bacteroides tectum, 0.015 to 0.5 and 0.06 μg/ml; andPeptostreptococcus spp., 0.015 to 0.25 and 0.03 μg/ml. ABT-773 was more active than all macrolides tested against S. aureus, E. corrodens, and anaerobes, but all compounds were poorly active against F. nucleatum. The activity of ABT-773 was within 1 dilution of that of azithromycin against Pasteurella spp., and ABT-773 was four- to eightfold more active than clarithromycin againstPasteurella spp. ABT-773 may offer a therapeutic alternative for bite wound infections.

Preliminary in Vitro Investigations on The Inhibitory Activity of The Original Dietary Supplement Oxidal® on Pathogenic Bacterial Strains

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Prof. Teodora P. Popova ◽  
Toshka Petrova ◽  
Ignat Ignatov ◽  
Stoil Karadzhov
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Microbial Strains

The antimicrobial action of the dietary supplement Oxidal® was tested using the classic Bauer and Kirby agar-gel diffusion method. Clinical and reference strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were used in the studies. The tested dietary supplement showed a well-pronounced inhibitory effect against the microbial strains commensurable with that of the broad-spectrum chemotherapeutic agent Enrofloxacin and showed even higher activity than the broad spectrum antibiotic Thiamphenicol. The proven inhibitory effect of the tested dietary supplement against the examined pathogenic bacteria is in accordance with the established clinical effectiveness standards for antimicrobial agents.

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