scholarly journals Immunohistochemical markers CDX2, CK20, CK7 in the evaluation of severity lesions of the gastric mucosa in schoolchildren with gastritis

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
V. A. Vshivkov ◽  
T. V. Polivanova ◽  
E. V. Kasparov ◽  
O. V. Peretyatko
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Immunohistochemical Method ◽  
Immunohistochemical Markers ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Republic ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

The aim is study the association of CDX2, CK20, CK7 with morphological changes in the gastric mucosa at children of aboriginal and newcomer population of the Republic of Tuva with gastritis.Materials and methods. We examined of children with gastroenterological complaints by 2 ethnic groups: 69 aboriginal and 34 immigrants. All underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy with sampling of biopsies from the antral region and the body of the stomach. Diagnosis of gastritis was carried out according to the modified Sydney classification. H. pylori was determined of coloring the biopsies by Gimza. Expression of biomarkers was recorded by immunohistochemical method (CDX2, CK20, CK7). The analysis of the statistical significance of differences in qualitative characteristics was carried out using the criterion χ2.Results. We had determined the expression of CDX2 in 4 schoolchildren in the Republic of Tuva. This is can be examined as a marker for dynamic observation with a poor prognosis, because marker CDX2 tight connect with metaplasia and atrophy in gastric mucosa at adults. Association of the expression of CK20 and CK7 was established with the activity of gastritis, infection H. pylori, metaplasia of gastric mucosa, what more expressed by Tuva population. This has been testifying of the intensification proliferative processes in the gastric mucosa. This fact explaining the acceleration of progression the inflammatory process into the body of stomach. All it’s associated with an increased risk of dystrophy and atrophy at the gastric mucosa.Conclusion. CDX2 CK20, CK7 can to act as biomarkers of development the precancerous damage of stomach in schoolchildren of Tuva, especially by Tuvans. The presence of atrophy, metaplasia or CDX2 protein is a prognostically unfavorable factor.

scholarly journals Helicobacteriosis: changes of the mucosa in disorder of motor functions (motorics) in the gastroesophagal and duodenogastral zones of the stomach

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
O. O. Yanovich ◽  
L. P. Titov ◽  
M. V. Doroshko ◽  
I. G. Sergeeva ◽  
S. A. Guzov
Keyword(s):  
Duodenal Ulcer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Reflux Esophagitis ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Duodenogastric Reflux ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Foveolar Hyperplasia ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
H Pylori

The morphological changes in the gastric mucosa in the presence of duodenogastric reflux and refluxesophagitis and their connection with the presence of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection are studied. The endoscopic and histological examination of the stomach antral part was performed in 1251 patients with different gastroduodenal pathologies. HP was diagnosed by histological and real-time PCR methods. Among patients with different gastroduodenal pathologies the frequency of H. pylori infection was 77.9 %. Duodenogastric reflux was detected in 23.9 % of patients. In the presence of duodenogastric reflux, we have found a decrease in the risk of duodenal ulcer by a factor of 2.5, thus duodenogastric reflux may protect against the development of duodenal ulcer. In patients with duodenogastric reflux in the presence of H. pylori infection, significant differences from the group uninfected of Helicobacter pylori were found in the metaplasia frequency. A significant increase in the frequency of foveolar hyperplasia among patients with duodenogastric reflux was revealed. The prevalence of reflux-esophagitis in the study group was 8.3 %. No increased risk in reflux-esophagitis was observed either in the HP-positive or HP-negative cases. According to our finding, duodenogastric reflux was characterized by foveolar hyperplasia and metaplasia. We suggest that the presence or absence of H. pylori does not affect reflux-esophagitis.

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF GASTRIC MUCOSA INJURY IN PATIENTS WITH NSAID-INDUCED GASTROPATHY AND CONCOMITANT ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE, AND WAYS TO CORRECT THIS CONDITION

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
V.V. Parkhomenko ◽  
І.М. Skrypnyk ◽  
І.І. Starchenko ◽  
O.F. Gopko
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Proton Pump Inhibitors ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Mucosal Barrier ◽  
Nsaid Gastropathy ◽  
H Pylori

The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in general clinical practice can provoke the development of NSAID-induced gastropathy, which can be complicated by bleeding. The aim of this article was to evaluate the effect of eupatilin on histological changes of the gastric mucosa in patients with NSAID-induced gastropathy and concomitant ischemic heart disease depending on the association with Helicobacter pylori. The study included 125 patients with NSAID-gastropathy and concomitant stable ischemic heart disease I-II functional class. Patients were divided into two groups: I (n=82) included individuals with NSAID-gastropathy, which was not associated with H. pylori, while II (n=43) included individuals with H. pylori-induced gastropathy. Depending on the prescribed treatment complexes, patients were subdivided as follows: I-A (n=44) included patients, who took proton pump inhibitors in standard doses and II-A group (n=23) included patients, who received antihelicobacter therapy according to Maastricht V (2016) guidelines. Patients of groups I-B (n=38) and II-B (n=20) were additionally prescribed 60 mg of eupatilin (1 tablet) 3 times a day for 28 days. The upper endoscopy with the gastric mucosa biopsy, followed by histological examination was done at the beginning of treatment and in 45±2 days. The severity of gastric mucosa erosive and ulcerative injury was assessed endoscopically using a modified Lanzascore scale; morphological changes were evaluated by a semi-quantitative method on a visual-analogue scale. H. pylori is an independent and significant factor determining the severity of endoscopic and morphological changes in NSAID-gastropathy patients with concomitant ischemic heart disease. Acid-suppressive and antihelicobacter therapy can reduce the intensity of the structural injury of the gastric mucosa, but the identified changes substantiate the feasibility of long-term proton pump inhibitors prescribed to the patients with NSAID-gastropathy. Prescribing eupatilin against the background of basic therapy can significantly reduce the severity of erosive-ulcerative gastric mucosa injury assessed by Lanzascore scale while histomorphological parameters by reducing the activity of neutrophilic inflammation, protective effect on mucosal barrier resistance and microcirculatory condition.

scholarly journals Gastric Mucormycosis: An Infection of Fungal Invasion into the Gastric Mucosa in Immunocompromised Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Haider A. Naqvi ◽  
Muhammad Nadeem Yousaf ◽  
Fizah S. Chaudhary ◽  
Lawrence Mills
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Chronic Renal Disease ◽  
Hematologic Malignancy ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
The Body ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Increased Risk

Primary gastric mucormycosis is a rare but potentially lethal fungal infection due to the invasion of Mucorales into the gastric mucosa. It may result in high mortality due to increased risk of complications in immunocompromised patients. Common predisposing risk factors to develop gastric mucormycosis are prolonged uncontrolled diabetes mellitus with or without diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), solid organ or stem cell transplantation, underlying hematologic malignancy, and major trauma. Abdominal pain, hematemesis, and melena are common presenting symptoms. The diagnosis of gastric mucormycosis can be overlooked due to the rarity of the disease. A high index of suspicion is required for early diagnosis and management of the disease, particularly in immunocompromised patients. Radiological imaging findings are nonspecific to establish the diagnosis, and gastric biopsy is essential for histological confirmation of mucormycosis. Prompt treatment with antifungal therapy is the mainstay of treatment with surgical resection reserved in cases of extensive disease burden or clinical deterioration. We presented a case of acute gastric mucormycosis involving the body of stomach in a patient with poorly controlled diabetes and chronic renal disease, admitted with acute onset of abdominal pain. Complete resolution of lesion was noted with 16 weeks of medical treatment with intravenous amphotericin B and posaconazole.

scholarly journals Does Obesity Predispose Medical Intensive Care Unit Patients to Venous Thromboembolism despite Prophylaxis? A Retrospective Chart Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Bradley J. Peters ◽  
Ross A. Dierkhising ◽  
Kristin C. Mara
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Medical Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Vte Prophylaxis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Medical Intensive Care

Background. Obesity is a significant issue in the critically ill population. There is little evidence directing the dosing of venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis within this population. We aimed to determine whether obesity predisposes medical intensive care unit patients to venous thromboembolism despite standard chemoprophylaxis with 5000 international units of subcutaneous heparin three times daily. Results. We found a 60% increased risk of venous thromboembolism in the body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2 group compared to the BMI < 30 kg/m2 group; however, this difference did not reach statistical significance. After further utilizing our risk model, neither obesity nor mechanical ventilation reached statistical significance; however, vasopressor administration was associated with a threefold risk. Conclusions. We can conclude that obesity did increase the rate of VTE, but not to a statistically significant level in this single center medical intensive care unit population.

scholarly journals MECHANISMS OF INTERRACTION OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI WITH EPITHELIUM OF GASTRIC MUCOSA. I. PATHOGENIC FACTORS PROMOTING SUCCESSFUL COLONIZATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
О. К. Pozdeev ◽  
А. О. Pozdeeva ◽  
Yu. V. Valeeva ◽  
P. E. Gulyaev
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Outer Membrane Proteins ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Gastric Disease ◽  
Causative Role ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prolonged Contact ◽  
H Pylori

H. pylori is a Gram-negative, crimp and motile bacterium that colonizes the hostile microniche of the human stomach roughly one half of the human population. Then persists for the host’s entire life, but only causes overt gastric disease in a subset of infected hosts. To the reasons contributing to the development of diseases, usually include: concomitant infections of the gastrointestinal tract, improper sterilization of medical instruments, usually endoscopes, nonobservance of personal hygiene rules, prolonged contact with infected or carriers, including family members and a number of other factors. Clinically, H. pylori plays a causative role in the development of a wide spectrum of diseases including chronic active gastritis, peptic and duodenal ulceration, gastric adenocarcinoma, and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Due to the global distribution of H. pylori, we are able to conclude that smart strategies are contributing to adaptation of the bacterium in an aggressive environment of a stomach and lifelong permanent circulation in its host. Thirty-four years after the discovery of this bacterium, there are still many unanswered questions. For example, which strategies help the bacterium to survive in this inhospitable conditions? Understanding the mechanisms governing H. pylori persistence will improve identification of the increased risk of different gastric diseases in persons infected with this bacterium. A well-defined and long-term equilibrium between the human host and H. pylori allows bacterial persistence in the gastric microniche; although this coexistence leads to a high risk of severe diseases the diseases which are listed above. In this review, we discuss the pathogenesis of this bacterium and the mechanisms it uses to promote persistent colonization of the gastric mucosa, with a focus on recent insights into the role of some virulence factors like urease, LPS, outer membrane proteins, cytotoxins, factors, promoting invasion. Information on the mechanisms related to H. pylori persistence can also provide the direction for future research concerning effective therapy and management of gastroduodenal disorders. The topics presented in the current review are important for elucidating the strategies used by H. pylori to help the bacterium persist in relation to the many unfavorable features of living in the gastric microniche.

scholarly journals THE PREVALENCE OF CAGA HELICOBACTER PYLORI AND CHARACTERISTICS OF AN ASSOCIATED GASTRITIS IN SCHOOLCHILDREN IN THE REPUBLIC OF TYVA

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
T. V. Polivanova ◽  
V. A. Vshivkov
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adverse Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antral Gastritis ◽  
Ethnic Populations ◽  
Cytotoxin Associated Gene A ◽  
The Republic ◽  
H Pylori

Aim of the research. To study the prevalence of H. pylori cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) strain and estimate the activity of associated gastritis in schoolchildren with dyspepsia syndrome in the Republic of Tyva. Materials and Methods. We studied the prevalence of H. pylоri CagA strain by performing the cross-sectional examination for picked up randomly 1064 schoolchildren aged of from 7 to 17 years, residing in the Republic of Tyva. We used the technique of determination of blood IgG to CagA antigen of H. pylori in 218 children, including 131 cases with dyspeptic complaints. We also executed esophagogastroduodenoscopy including biopsy sampling. Results. CagA-seropositive children accounted for 47.2%. We noted the increase in the activity of antral gastritis in H. pylori-infected schoolchildren with the maximum being related to CagA-seropositive schoolchildren. Gastritis activity in the body of stomach in H. pylori-infected children was higher as compared to non-infected children, but as a whole it was lower than in antral region of the stomach. Besides that we revealed specific features of gastritis activities in the body and in the antral region of stomach in children in ethnic populations. The peculiarities are referred to the presence of the differences between the mentioned parameters in alien schoolchildren and the absence of such differences in the Tyvan schoolchildren. Conclusion. Widely spread H. pylori, in particular CagA strain of the microorganism, plays the adverse role in the development and especially progressing of gastritis in schoolchildren residing in the Republic of Tyva. The importance of the adverse impact of the infection is associated with the ethnicity of children.

scholarly journals AMBIVALENCE OF CHRONIC INFLAMMATION IN THE MUSCULOUS STOMACH

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-111
Author(s):  
O. V. Shtygasheva ◽  
E. S. Ageeva
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Gastric Epithelium ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Cag A

For peptic ulcer disease, the etiological role of H. pylori infection has been proven, 60-90% of gastric cancer cases are associated with H. pylori. The bacterium is recognized as a first-order carcinogen. An association has been established between the successful elimination of H. pylori and a reduced risk of gastric cancer and relapse of peptic ulcer. In the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation in the gastric mucosa associated with H. pylori, there are reference points that determine the further path of development of the pathology. If peptic ulcer is not a consequence of the direct damaging effect of NSAIDs, it is associated with the development of gastritis. In gastric ulcer, gastritis is found in both the antrum and the fundus of the stomach Atrophy of the glands begins in the antrum, then its foci are found in the fundus on the front and back walls. Gradu- ally they increase in size, merge with each other, the acid secreting zone decreases, and the border between the fundus and pyloric glands shifts in the proximal direction. With atrophic fundus gastritis, the likelihood of developing high ulcers and stomach cancer increases. Significant increase in apoptosis processes with relative rigidity of proliferation leads to the formation of ulcer, and carcinogenesis is due to excessive proliferation and accumulation of cell mutations. One of the subjects of damage is Cag A H. pylori protein, which implements remodeling of the gastric epithelial barrier. Among its effects are modulation and impaired proliferation of gastric epithelium, leading to morphological changes. The aggressive action of Cag A protein enhances toxic doses of alcohol and smoking, supporting inflammation and causing damage to the gastric mucosa. Despite the common etiology and pathogenesis of gastric ulcer and gastric cancer, the relationship with the de- velopment of atrophic pangastritis and the similarity of convention risk factors determines that the key point in the manifestation of gastric cancer is a genetic predisposition in the form of gene polymorphism causing severe atrophy as a result of chronic inflammation.

scholarly journals Association of interleukin 12B rs3212227 polymorphism with gastric cancer, intestinal metaplasia, and helicobacter pylori infection

Genetika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-126
Author(s):  
Seda Orenay-Boyacioglu ◽  
Elmas Kasap ◽  
Hakan Yuceyar ◽  
Mehmet Korkmaz
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Intestinal Metaplasia ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
Allelic Frequencies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
H Pylori

Interleukin 12 (IL-12) has a key function in promoting Th1 immune response in the gastrointestinal mucosa. Although cytokine gene polymorphisms are associated with increased risk of gastric cancer (GC), studies on different geographic regions and ethnic groups are not able to draw a consistent result. The current case-control study aims to find out an association between a functional IL-12B rs3212227 polymorphism and the susceptibility and clinical features of the study groups, which are GC, Helicobacter pylori-infected and H. pylori-uninfected intestinal metaplasia (IM). In this study, IL-12B rs3212227 polymorphism was genotyped in 35 GC cases, 25 H. pylori-infected IM patients, 25 H. pylori-uninfected IM patients, and 25 control subjects. PCR-RFLP analysis was performed to find out and compare the polymorphism profiles of case biopsies. There was statistical significance in genotype distributions and allelic frequencies in GC patients with proximal arrest in stomach (p=0.042). The rs3212227 genotypes and allelic frequencies were not correlated with any of the study groups (p>0.05). Other clinical features examined in the GC patients were also not correlated with the rs3212227 genotypes and allelic frequencies (p>0.05). Current findings suggest that IL-12B rs3212227 polymorphism may play a role in GC development.

CHRONIC GASTRITIS AND OLD AGE: A PROBLEM OR NOT?

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-39
Author(s):  
Zh.G. Simonova ◽  
M.N. Prikhod'ko ◽  
E.M. Shul'gina
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Chronic Gastritis ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Eradication Therapy ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Endoscopic Picture

The objective of the paper is to study the clinical and functional characteristics of chronic H. pylori-associated gastritis in the elderly patients. Materials and Methods. A group of elderly patients (n=116) (aged 69.5±3.2) with chronic H. pylori-associated gastritis was formed during a prospective clinical study. All patients underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy. OLGA staging system was used for histological assessment. The dyspeptic index (DI) was used to measure dyspepsia. The patients were followed up for 48 weeks. Results. Dyspepsia was found only in 41.3 % of patients, while 58.7 % of patients had asymptomatic disease progression. Atrophic changes in the gastric mucosa were found in 30.1 % of the trial subjects. The efficacy of the eradication therapy was 88.7 %. During the study, the endoscopic picture of the gastroduodenal zone improved. There was no progression of atrophic and metaplastic changes in the gastric mucosa. Conclusion. Thus, in elderly patients, chronic H. pylori-associated gastritis is often asymptomatic. Eradication of H. pylori infection promotes disease remission and prevents morphological changes in the gastric mucosa. Keywords: chronic gastritis, Helicobacter pylori, atrophic gastritis, dyspepsia, old age, eradication therapy. Цель – изучить клинико-функциональные особенности течения хронического H. pylori-ассоциированного гастрита у лиц пожилого возраста. Материалы и методы. В процессе проспективного клинического исследования была сформирована группа больных (n=116) пожилого возраста (69,5±3,2 года) с хроническим H. pylori-ассоциированным гастритом. Всем больным была выполнена эзофагогастродуоденоскопия с биопсией. Для гистологической оценки применяли классификацию OLGA. Для оценки диспепсического синдрома использовали диспепсический индекс (ДИ). Длительность наблюдения больных составила 48 нед. Результаты. Наличие диспепсического синдрома было установлено у 41,3 % больных, 58,7 % пациентов имели бессимптомное течение заболевания. У 30,1 % обследуемых выявлены атрофические изменения слизистой оболочки желудка. Эффективность проведенной эрадикационной терапии составила 88,7 %. В процессе исследования установлено улучшение эндоскопической картины гастродуоденальной зоны. Отмечено отсутствие прогрессирования атрофических и метапластических изменений слизистой оболочки желудка. Выводы. У больных пожилого возраста течение хронического H. pylori-ассоциированного гастрита чаще имеет бессимптомный характер. Эрадикация инфекции H. pylori способствует ремиссии заболевания и предотвращает морфологические преобразования слизистой оболочки желудка. Ключевые слова: хронический гастрит, Helicobacter pylori, атрофический гастрит, синдром диспепсии, пожилой возраст, эрадикационная терапия.

Oral Health and Heart Disease

2002 ◽  
Vol os9 (4) ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin A Seymour ◽  
Philip M Preshaw ◽  
James G Steele
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
H Pylori

Over the past ten years, a body of evidence has accumulated to suggest that aspects of oral health, particularly the extent and severity of periodontal disease, may be associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). This evidence should be seen against the background of a more general interest in the role of chronic infections in vascular disease. There have, for example, been suggestions of associations between CHD and a range of bacterial and viral agents, including H. pylori, C. pneumoniae, and cyto-megalovirus, which are involved in persistent infections at various sites around the body. Reviews of the evidence for the causality of these relationships between CHD and specific organisms have been inconclusive. By comparison, periodontal disease is related to a wide and complex range of organisms rather than a single species and although the nature of the relationship is still inconclusive, the evidence for its validity still persists to some degree. A brief synopsis of the epidemiological studies to date and their outcomes is shown in Table 1.

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