scholarly journals Gandhian from the history of Collections of the Cultural Heritage of Uzbekistan Abroad

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 136-142
Author(s):  
Jannat Khamidovna Ismailova

For centuries, Uzbekistan has been known as a scientific, commercial and cultural center in the center of the East and a region at the crossroads of the Great Silk Road. During the historical period, the cultural heritage of the Uzbek people was taken abroad for various reasons, which later led to the formation of collections in world-famous libraries and museums under the name of Central Asia. Many travelers and scientists were interested in the geographical location, nature, customs, industries of the region, organized various expeditions and published scientific works. This article provides information about the activities of scientists, travelers and photographers who came to Central Asia from the second half of the XIX century, the process of formation of collections.

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 250-253
Author(s):  
A.A.Erkuziev

Central Asia has played an important role in the political, economic and cultural relations of different nations and countries since ancient times as one of the centers of the world civilization. The Great Silk Road, which passed through this region, brought together the countries on the trade routes, the peoples living in them, and served to spread information about their traditions, lifestyles, location, historical events. These data, in turn, brought different peoples closer and served as the basis for the establishment of mutual economic and cultural relationships between them. One of the important scientific issues here is the study of the spread of information about the Central Asian region, where most of the Great Silk Road passed, to Western Europe through other countries.


Author(s):  
O. Mashevskyi

The chronological boundaries of the collective monograph cover a long historical period, which extends to the era of European Modernism and continues to the modern (current) history of European Postmodernism. The key thesis of the team of authors of the monograph is the idea of systemic belonging of Ukraine to European civilization as its component, which interacts with other parts of the system. The first chapter of the peer-reviewed collective monograph "European receptions of Ukraine in the XIX century" shows the reflection of the Ukrainian problem in the German-language literature of the first half of the XIX century, taking into account new archival document, the development of Ukraine’s relations with other Slavic peoples is traced, and the peculiarities of Ukrainian-Bulgarian relations are considered as a separate case study. An interesting paragraph of the collective monograph devoted to cultural, educational and scientific cooperation of Dnieper Ukraine with European countries. This information illustrates well how the Industrial Revolution radically changed the face of the planet, brought new scientific experience that gave room for the development of the capitalist system, and with them, the Industrial Revolution brought social problems, environmental disasters that still cannot be solved. Thomas Malthus (1766-1834) formulated the "iron law of wages", according to which workers can receive only a living wage. The second chapter of the collective monograph "The Ukrainian Question and Ukraine in the European History of the Twentieth Century" presents an integrated narrative of Ukrainian national history in the light of the European history of the two world wars and their consequences. The First World War, or the Great War, undoubtedly became a turning point in European history and, accordingly, in the national histories of European countries. The historical experience of the Ukrainian national liberation struggle of the Ukrainian people for the right to European development is covered in the paragraph of the collective monograph "Ukrainian Diplomatic Service 1917-1924". The vicissitudes of Stalin's industrialization and collectivization and their impact on the Ukrainian SSR's relations with European states in the 1920s and 1930s are highlighted in terms of continuity of ties with Europe. A separate regional example of the situation is covered on the example of the history of Transcarpathia on the eve of World War II. The third chapter of the collective monograph "Independent Ukraine in the European integration space" highlights the features of Ukraine's current positioning in Europe. After the collapse of the USSR, ideological obstacles to the development of globalization were overcome. The American political scientist F.Fukuyama in his work "The End of History" concluded the final victory of liberal ideology. This section of the peer-reviewed collective monograph also highlights the position of the international community on the Crimean referendum in 2014, analyzes the policy of Western European countries on the Ukrainian-Russian armed conflict on the example of the policy of Germany, France and Austria. The research result is a separate model of reality, which is reproduced with the help of a certain perception and awareness of the historian. In this sense, the author's team of the monograph has achieved the goal of creating a meaningful narrative that highlights the place of Ukraine at different stages of modern and postmodern European history. From the point of view of the general perception of the narrative offered to the reader, the authors of the collective monograph managed to harmonize individual stylistic features in a conceptually unified text, the meanings of which will be interesting to both professional historians and students and the general readership.


2018 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
S. Mark Heim

This book is an experiment with the conviction that there is a comparative dimension in confessional theology. This chapter briefly reviews the case for using sources from other religions in the work of Christian theology. It then describes the particular aim of this text to reflect on the reconciling work of Christ in light of Buddhist teaching. Another section reviews the history of Buddhist-Christian engagement, with special focus on the geographical area of the Silk Road in Central Asia and on the case of Manichaeanism as a tradition overlapping with both Buddhism and Christianity. It also reviews the author’s previously published constructive proposal in theology of religions, as the framework for this work. A final section outlines the plan of the book.


2019 ◽  
pp. 424-427
Author(s):  
Hanna Szurmińska

The article analyses the group of writers «Ziewonia», in the work and activities of which Slavophile ideas have strengthened through cycles of translations, songs and dumas. It reveals interest in the culture of the Slavic people in the 30s of the 19th century. It analyses the idea of national identity and ethnic culture using a differentiated approach to the phe- nomena of literary folklore, which becomes the main motive of «Ziewonia». The level of Ziewonia’s comprehension in Polish science is not significant yet but still to be more learned than in Ukrai- nian science. The article is said about the first period of the XIX century which is characterized by emergence of artistic achievements as exemplified by the interaction of intercultural literature. The Romantic era encouraged the first contact and special activity of folk Ukrainians interested by young Polish writers who are called in the Polish history of literature «Ziewonia». The main representatives were Augustin Bielovsky (the critic and translator, the employee of the Ossolineum institution), Josef and Alexander (Leshek) Dunin-Borkovsky (writers and critics), Lucian Semensky (the poet and novel- ist), Kazimiezh Vladislav Wojcicky (collector of folk songs) and Ludvik Jablonsky (also the critic of Ukrainian literature), finally the Ukrainian writers called the «Russian Trinity», the organization which united enthusiastic researchers of Ukrainian folklore. It is found out that main activities of this Slavophil group were translation and popularization of literature merits. They gave exemplary translations of important Slavic works such as: «Krolodworsky Manuscript», «Zielona Gora Manuscript», selected sonnets from «The daughters of Kollar’s fame», the significant number of Serbian folk songs, many Ukrainian poems and «The Tale of Igor’s Campaign». Folk society and folk songs were glorified and stylized. The key findings of the research prove that deep and intensive relationships between different literacy circles (Ukrainian and Polish) collaborated the future mutual writer’s group for the next historical period.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Akrom Akhunov ◽  

The article discusses the problem of the peoples of East Turkestan fleeing the oppression of the Chinese Manchus and moving to two regions of Central Asia: the 70s and the Fergana Valley.An independent state will be created in East Turkestan by the military leader and diplomat Yakubbek. After his death in 1877, a struggle for the throne began between his sons, which passed into the hands of the Chinese. The occupation of the Etishahr state led to a massive resettlement ofthe population to the Fergana Valley. As a result of migration, large numbers of ethnic Uyghurs migrated to the Fergana Valley and Uyghur villages emerged.


2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianshu Zhu

Kucha was the major Buddhist center on the Northern Route of the Silk Road, and well known for being dominated by the Sarv?stiv?da school for most of its history. Replacing the j?taka story, the avad?na story (story of causation) became the major theme depicted on the ceiling of the central-pillar caves in this area (fifth–seventh centuries). Turfan is another important cultural center in Central Asia where Buddhism once flourished. The pra?idh?na (or ‘vow’) painting, which was based on the Bhai?ajyavastu, a vinaya text of the Mulasarv?stiv?da school, was a unique subject normally appearing on the walls of Buddhist caves in Turfan (ninth twelfth centuries). Both the avad?na and pra?idh?na stories are derived from j?taka stories, with significant shifts of focus, as well as of the format of the narrative. In this paper, through studying the avad?na and vow paintings at Kucha and Turfan, and comparing them with j?takas in early Buddhist art, I attempt to show how j?taka stories were transformed for different doctrinal messages of Buddhist teaching in some late ‘H?nay?na’ schools, namely Sarv?stiv?da and Mulasarv?stiv?da, and how the visual representations mirror the narrative styles in Buddhist texts.


ILUMINURAS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (33) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariela Epstein

L'article porte sur un quartier ouvrier construit au XIX eme siècle aux abords de l'usine Anglo del Uruguay, dans la ville de Fray Bentos. L'ancienne usine et le quartier connaissent, ces dix dernières années, un processus de patrimonialisation ainsi qu'un programme de réaménagement urbain. En mission pour étudier le patrimoine culturel immatériel du quartier, nous constatons que la mémoire des habitants ne correspond pas entièrement à celle qui est portée par les acteurs institutionnels du patrimoine. Le recueil et la comparaison des discours autours du quartier Anglo nous ont mené à prendre pour objet principal l'histoire du quartier après la fermeture de l'usine, et l'expulsion d'une partie de ses habitants. Nous interrogeons alors les deux rapports au passé que sont la construction du patrimoine et la mémoire d'un événement traumatique, ainsi que leurs interactions et leurs enjeux actuels. La réalisation d'une série de photographies nous permet de conclure avec une proposition de réintroduction des habitants dans la mise en récit de leur histoire. Mot clé: Processus de patrimonialisation, Mémoires, Quartier, Maisons. A displaced memory : the patrimonialization process of Anglo neighborhood (Fray Bentos, Uruguay)Abstract This paper focuses on a factory workers’ neighborhood built in the XIX century, near the Anglo del Uruguay extract of meat factory, in Fray Bentos. For the ten last years, the closed factory and its area have been involved in a patrimonialization process and an urban renovation program. During a fieldwork mission centred on mapping the neighbourhood’s cultural heritage, we observed a difference between the memories of the inhabitants and that of institutional actors. After collecting and comparing local discourses, we decided to focus our work on the neighbourhood’s post-closing history and specifically the episode of the displacing of part of it's inhabitants. Here we examine two different relations with the past : the institutional building of a cultural heritage discourse, and the memory of a traumatic event – the expulsion – by the inhabitants, as well as the way both interact depending on the actors' strategies. Through photographies portrating families and their house, we conclude by stressing the importance of reintroducing the inhabitants’ story and memories in the history of the place.Keyswords: Patrimonialization process, memories, neighborhood, houses. 


Author(s):  
Olena Vasiutynska ◽  

The article reveals the history of the origin and organization of educational institutions for the training of medical workers in Elisavetgrad region in the second half of the XIX century. It was found that the history of medical education was a prominent page in the history of Elisavetgrad region of the pre-revolutionary period. In medical schools, in particular in the Elisavetgrad Medical and Surgical School (1787-1797), which was one of the best medical institutions in the Russian Empire and the first higher medical school in the empire of the historical period, which used original approaches to the educational process, effectively solved educational problems. The aims of the article are to reveal the history of the origin and organization of educational institutions for the training of medical workers in Elisavetgrad region in the second half of the XIX century. The publication uses a historical-retrospective method, which allows a retrospective analysis of the history of Elisavetgrad Medical and Surgical School in the study period and highlights its contribution to the development of medical education in the region. Historiographical review of the problem revealed that there are currently no scientific studies that would systematically and fully analyze the historiography of medical education in Elisavetgrad in the period under study, so the development of medical education in the second half of the nineteenth century needs further study. Analysis and systematization of research on this issue has further development. The accumulated experience of regional medical education in the outlined historical period can be useful at the stage of revival and development of medical education in Ukraine.


Author(s):  
В.Г. Ананьев ◽  
М.Д. Бухарин

В статье предлагается обзор переписки Н. Я. Марра и В. В. Бартольда более чем за тридцать лет их научной деятельности. Письма Марра и Бартольда являются важным источником для реконструкции истории археологического исследования Средней Азии и Кавказа, формирования научных институтов, взаимоотношений с государственными органами. Письма Марра и Бартольда также содержат обсуждение деятельности по формированию институтов в сфере изучения и охраны историко культурного наследия народов России, общественно политических вопросов, в них присутствуют новые данные для реконструкции личных биографий ученых. The paper provides an overview of the letters exchanged between N. Ya. Marr and V. V. Bartold over more than thirty years of their scientific life. Marrs and Bartolds letters is an important source for reconstructing history of the archaeological investigation of Central Asia and the Caucasus, establishment of research institutes, and relations with state agencies. Marrs and Bartolds letters also discuss activities aimed at establishing institutions for studying and protecting historical and cultural heritage of Russian peoples, public and political issues and also contain new data for reconstructing biographies of the scholars.


Author(s):  
A.B. Sarsenbayev ◽  
◽  
A. Abdiraiymova ◽  

The Great Silk Road is one of the most significant achievements in the history of world civilization. An extensive system of caravan routes crossed Europe and Asia from the Mediterranean to China, and in Ancient times and in the middle Ages served as an important means of trade and communication between Western and Eastern cultures. The longest route passed through Kazakhstan and Central Asia. Since the appearance of the Great silk road, trade caravans passing through the modern land of the Kazakh people have had a great impact on the development of urban culture. One of the points of view is that these cities arose on the basis of caravanserais, while another point of view is based on the fact that they arose from the settlements of peoples who migrated from Central Asia during the existence of the Turkic States and established their own settlements. Historically, the road received the name “Silk Road” in connection with the silk trade, and later the word “Great” was added to this name because the road connected the vast Eastern and Western regions. Thus, this article attempts to answer the question of which mixed cultures arose as a result of the emergence of the largest urban cultures in the trading system, which went down in history as the “Great Silk Road”. Recently, historians have paid more attention to the modern history of Kazakhstan, while some issues of the medieval, in particular, the early medieval history of the Kazakh people have remained poorly studied. To fill this gap, the authors of the article focus on the analysis of the history of large cities of the early Middle Ages in Semirechye and Southern Kazakhstan, the main trade and economic centers and direct relations of Sogdian peoples with the Turks. The article provides a lot of information for students and doctoral students studying the medieval period.


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