scholarly journals The Decisive Instants in News-making: Individual and Collective Temporalities in Broadcast Journalism

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-77
Author(s):  
Elane Gomes da Silva Oliveira ◽  
Jocélio De Oliveira ◽  
Alfredo Eurico Vizeu Pereira Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Broadcast Journalism ◽  
Television Production ◽  
A Value ◽  
News Program

This paper proposes clues to understanding the "temporalities in broadcast journalism" and how they affect the process of television production. We understand temporalities as discontinuous flows of time, which can be experienced collectively and individually in the newsroom: from production and investigation to decision making by the editor with the news program on air. Thus, time functions as productive operator, and temporality as a value for the realization of broadcast journalism. We made a participant observation in the newsroom of TV Cabo Branco, Globo affiliate in João Pessoa and interviewed the journalists who make JPB 1st Edition.

scholarly journals Going Beyond Panaceas: The Diversity of Land Observatory Forms in Africa

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quentin Grislain ◽  
Jeremy Bourgoin ◽  
Ward Anseeuw ◽  
Perrine Burnod ◽  
Eva Hershaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Video Conferencing ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Informed Decision ◽  
Informed Decision Making ◽  
Information Production ◽  
Dynamic Data ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Ante

In recent decades, mechanisms for observation and information production have proliferated in an attempt to meet the growing needs of stakeholders to access dynamic data for the purposes of informed decision-making. In the land sector, a growing number of land observatories are producing data and ensuring its transparency. We hypothesize that these structures are being developed in response to the need for information and knowledge, a need that is being driven by the scale and diversity of land issues. Based on the results of a study conducted on land observatories in Africa, this paper presents existing and past land observatories on the continent and proposes to assess their diversity through an analysis of core dimensions identified in the literature. The analytical framework was implemented through i) an analysis of existing literature on land observatories, ii) detailed assessments of land observatories based on semi-open interviews conducted via video conferencing, iii) fieldwork and visits to several observatories, and iv) participant observation through direct engagement and work at land observatories. We emphasize that the analytical framework presented here can be used as a tool by land observatories to undertake ex-post self-evaluations that take the observatory’s trajectory into account, or in the case of proposed new land observatories, to undertake ex-ante analyses and design the pathway towards the intended observatory.

Information transformation: Some missing links

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-172
Author(s):  
Ivan P. Vaghely ◽  
Pierre-André Julien ◽  
André Cyr
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Human Information Processing ◽  
Process Information ◽  
Information Transformation ◽  
Efficient Information

Using grounded theory along with participant observation and interviews the authors explore how individuals in organizations process information. They build a model of human information processing which links the cognitivist-constructionist perspective to an algorithmic-heuristic continuum. They test this model using non-parametric procedures and find interesting results showing links to efficient information processing outcomes such as contributions to decision-making, knowledge-creation and innovation. They also identify some elements of best practice by efficient human information processing individuals whom they call the “information catalysts”.

scholarly journals La complexité de valeurs dans la politique étrangère de l'administration Reagan face à l'Iran

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-551
Author(s):  
André Lecours
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Middle East ◽  
American Foreign Policy ◽  
Policy Issue ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Classic Problem ◽  
A Value ◽  
Complexity Problem

The formulation of a policy that will satisfy several values and interests more or less compatible is a classic problem of political decision making. This phenomenon by which there can be, in a foreign policy issue for example, several divergent values and interests was named value-complexity by Alexander George. When facing a value complexity problem, a decision maker must choose some values and some interests over others. The choice he makes will not necessarily be the one made by other decision makers. This can result in a serious impediment to the decision making process. The American foreign policy towards the Middle East faced, for the major part of the Cold War era, a value-complexity problem because it looked to reconcile four hard-to reconcile values and interests. The Reagan government was confronted rather acutely with this problem in the making of its Iranian policies. The administration was split in at least two factions over Iran : one who thought primarily of containing the Soviet Union in the Middle East region and the other for whom the political stability of moderate regimes threatened by revolutionnary Iran should be the most important priority. The existence of these factions, consequence of value-complexity, produced the making and the implementation of two distinct Iranian policies.

A Value Focused Thinking Approach to Decommissioning Decision Making

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Tung
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Stakeholder Values ◽  
A Value ◽  
Value Focused Thinking ◽  
Science Theory ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Stakeholder Acceptance

Abstract Values are what stakeholders regard to be important to decisions (Kruglanski & Higgins 2007). How stakeholder prioritize, rank, balance, and trade-off values can have significant influence on their reasoning and evaluation of decommissioning outcomes and decisions. Stakeholder values can vary depending on various factors including religious beliefs, personal interests, and past experiences (Lechner et al., 2017). Value-focused thinking is a decision science theory developed by Keeney (1992) which builds upon the concept of varying stakeholder values. Keeney (1992) argues that the best decision is one that best reflects the actual values of stakeholders. which suggests that the acceptability of decommissioning decisions (full removal, partial removal, leave in-situ, rigs-to-reefs, etc.) by stakeholders will vary depending on the values of stakeholder in that particular context. This paper explores the idea of value-focused thinking and derive implications for decommissioning decision-making. Overall, the research finding suggests that rather than basing a decommissioning decision solely on scientific evidence, there is also a need for the decommissioning decisions to be able to reflect the actual values of stakeholders in that particular context. The criteria and weightage of the adopted multi-criteria decision analysis tool, for example, should accurately represent the actual values of stakeholders, so as to enable the tool to produce outcomes and decisions that has a higher probability of stakeholder acceptance.

scholarly journals A decision underlies phototaxis in an insect

Open Biology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 160229 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Axel Gorostiza ◽  
Julien Colomb ◽  
Björn Brembs
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Biogenic Amines ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Internal State ◽  
Action Selection ◽  
Behavioural Flexibility ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
A Value ◽  
Behavioural Tests

Like a moth into the flame—phototaxis is an iconic example for innate preferences. Such preferences probably reflect evolutionary adaptations to predictable situations and have traditionally been conceptualized as hard-wired stimulus–response links. Perhaps for that reason, the century-old discovery of flexibility in Drosophila phototaxis has received little attention. Here, we report that across several different behavioural tests, light/dark preference tested in walking is dependent on various aspects of flight. If we temporarily compromise flying ability, walking photopreference reverses concomitantly. Neuronal activity in circuits expressing dopamine and octopamine, respectively, plays a differential role in photopreference, suggesting a potential involvement of these biogenic amines in this case of behavioural flexibility. We conclude that flies monitor their ability to fly, and that flying ability exerts a fundamental effect on action selection in Drosophila . This work suggests that even behaviours which appear simple and hard-wired comprise a value-driven decision-making stage, negotiating the external situation with the animal's internal state, before an action is selected.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Pengambilan Keputusan dengan Metode Tsukamoto pada Penentuan Tingkat Kepuasan pelanggan

CAUCHY ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venny Riana Riana Agustin ◽  
Wahyu Henky Irawan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Fuzzy Rules ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Inference System ◽  
A Value ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Analysis

Tsukamoto method is one method of fuzzy inference system on fuzzy logic for decision making. Steps of the decision making in this method, namely fuzzyfication (process changing the input into kabur), the establishment of fuzzy rules, fuzzy logic analysis, defuzzyfication (affirmation), as well as the conclusion and interpretation of the results. The results from this research are steps of the decision making in Tsukamoto method, namely fuzzyfication (process changing the input into kabur), the establishment of fuzzy rules by the general form IF a is A THEN B is B, fuzzy logic analysis to get alpha in every rule, defuzzyfication (affirmation) by weighted average method, as well as the conclusion and interpretation of the results. On customers at the case, in value of 16 the quality of services, the value of 17 the quality of goods, and value of 16 a price, a value of the results is 45,29063 and the level is low satisfaction

scholarly journals Collective Bargaining and Management Rights

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-324
Author(s):  
Roger Chartier
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Collective Bargaining ◽  
The Political ◽  
Specific Function ◽  
Joint Management ◽  
A Value ◽  
Absolute Certainty ◽  
New Thinking ◽  
Basic Purpose

Summary In the last analysis, the firmest and deepest foundation of management rights is the need for an efficient coordination of multifarious activities and often divergent interests, with an aim to achieving the basic purpose of the business concern. Efficiency, however, is essentially a value whose définitions are all the more numerous and varied as science, in its present applications to industry, cannot lay claim to absolute certainty and accuracy. And even if it could, this would not alter in any way the political nature of decision-making. Such considerations lead to a re-examination of the notions of collective bargaining and joint management, as well as they induce new thinking on the specific function of management, which reaches beyond decision-making into the realm of coordination of means, activities, interests, and bargains.

scholarly journals Penerapan Fahp Pada Pemilihan Metode Pelaksanan Erection Box Girder

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-98
Author(s):  
Agung Budi Broto ◽  
Dul Azis Mei Maulana
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Box Girder ◽  
Work Quality ◽  
Toll Road ◽  
A Value ◽  
Road Project ◽  
Implementation Time ◽  
Process Work

Many parties are involved in a construction project, so in deciding a method of implementing the box girder erection many criteria are taken into consideration. Consequently, decision making is not easy for decision makers. A simple, frequently-used, and popular method for decision making is Fuzzy-Analytical Hierarchy Process (F-AHP) which is designed to overcome the problem of multi criteria decision making (MCDM) in the subjective assessment process. This study aims to obtain the correct method of implementing the box girder erection to be used. Based on previous research, the criteria for determining box girder erection method are the criteria for job risk, work quality, implementation time, implementation process, work safety, and work costs. The alternatives compared are the tandem crane method and the launching gantry method. The data in this study were collected through questionnaires distributed to the expert parties involved in Jakarta - Cikampek II Elevated Toll Road Project. F-AHP analysis is based on the weighting  of quantitative criteria as a result of normalized calculations and qualitative criteria from the results of the respondents questionnaires which were then made pairwise comparisons assisted by Microsoft Excel software. The results of the analysis show that the occupational safety criteria are the most influential criteria with a weight of 0.454, then followed by job risk criteria (0.169), implementation time (0.119), work quality (0.114), implementation process (0.084), and work costs (0.061). The most appropriate method used in the work of the box girder erection at Jakarta - Cikampek II Elevated Toll Road Project is a launching gantry method with a value of 0.597, while the tandem crane method has a value of 0.403.

scholarly journals Introducing Sustainability in Value Models to Support Design Decision Making: A Systematic Review

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Bertoni
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Customer Value ◽  
Design Decision ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Managerial Decision ◽  
Support Design ◽  
A Value ◽  
Operational Level ◽  
Sustainability Research ◽  
Operational Activities

Manufacturing organizations shall recognize sustainability as a business occasion to capitalize on, rather than an undesirable pressing situation. Still, empirical evidence shows that this opportunity is hard to capture and communicate in global strategic decisions, through planning by tactical management, to daily operational activities. This paper systematically reviews the modelling challenges at the cross-road of value and sustainability decisions making, spotlighting methods and tools proposed in literature to link sustainability to customer value creation at strategic, tactical and operational level. While statistical results show that the topic of sustainability and value modeling is trending in literature, findings from content analysis reveal that recent attempts to promote a value-based view in the sustainability discussion remain at a strategic level, with most of the proposed indicators being suited for managerial decision-making. The lack of support at operational level points to the opportunity of cross-pollinating sustainability research with value-centered methodologies originating from the aerospace sector. The Value Driven Design framework is proposed as main hub from which to derive models supporting engineers and technology developers in the identification of win-win-win situations, where sustainable improvements are aligned with business advantages.

Day-to-Day Decision Making by Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer

2022 ◽  
pp. 275275302110687
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. Pyke-Grimm ◽  
Linda S. Franck ◽  
Bonnie Halpern-Felsher ◽  
Robert E. Goldsby ◽  
Roberta S. Rehm
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Self Advocacy ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Life Threatening Illness ◽  
The Impact

Background: Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer must negotiate the transition between childhood and adulthood while dealing with a life-threatening illness. AYA involvement in decision making varies depending on the type of decision and when decisions occur during treatment, and evidence suggests that AYAs want to be involved in decision making. Objective: To explore involvement of AYAs with cancer in day-to-day decisions affected by their cancer and treatment. Methods: This qualitative study used interpretive focused ethnography within the sociologic tradition, informed by symbolic interactionism. Semi-structured interviews and informal participant observation took place at two quaternary pediatric oncology programs. Results: Thirty-one interviews were conducted with 16 AYAs ages 15 to 20 years. Major day to day decision-making categories identified included: (1) mental mindset, (2) self-care practices, (3) self-advocacy, and (4) negotiating relationships. Participants described how they came to grips with their illness early on and decided to fight their cancer. They described decisions they made to protect their health, how they advocated for themselves and decisions they made about relationships with family and friends. Conclusions: Through day-to-day decisions, participants managed the impact of cancer and its treatment on their daily lives. Research should focus on developing and implementing interventions to empower AYAs to participate in day-to-day decisions that will affect how they manage their cancer, its treatment and ultimately their outcomes. Implications for Practice: Healthcare providers can facilitate AYA's participation in day-to-day decision making through encouraging autonomy and self-efficacy by providing support and through effective communication.

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