Historical experience in the fight against human trafficking and criminal exploitation in the pre-revolutionary period of the Russian state

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (11-1) ◽  
pp. 198-211
Author(s):  
Vera Kovalenko ◽  
Nikolay Pavlichenko ◽  
Alexander Samodelkin
Keyword(s):  
Human Trafficking ◽  
The State ◽  
Human Freedom ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Criminal Exploitation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Revolutionary Period

The author studies the history of the development of Russian legislation in the pre-revolutionary period (X - beginning of XX century), which reflected the historical experience of the state’s struggle against serious infringements on human freedom, the historical milestones of the Genesis of illegal forms of human trafficking and illegal exploitation of human beings are reflected, during which the state made attempts to regulate legal and prohibit illegal forms of sale and exploitation of human beings with the help of legal regulations.

scholarly journals On the historical experience of preserving the territorial integrity of the state by criminal law means

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-314
Author(s):  
A.V. Naumov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
The State ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
Territorial Integrity ◽  
Russian State ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Right

The article examines the historical experience of preserving the territorial integrity of the state through the adoption of criminal laws. This is done using the example of two such attempts in the history of the Russian state (by the Provisional Government after the February Revolution of 1917 and during Gorbachev’s perestroika in connection with the decision of the union republics of the Baltic states to gain state independence). In both cases legislators passed strict criminal laws, which, however, proved unable to prevent violation of the territorial integrity of the state. For example, under the Provisional Government criminal liability was increased for violent encroachments on changing the existing state system in Russia or “to tear away any part of it from Russia” (the perpetrators were even subjected to life or urgent hard labor). The second experience, also unsuccessful, dates back to the spring of 1990, when the Baltic republics (Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia) declared their state independence. The extraordinary Third Congress of People’s Deputies of the USSR immediately reacted to this, recognizing these decisions as invalid as contrary to the Constitution of the USSR. The all-Union power, recorded in the decisions of the congresses of people’s deputies, almost openly announced to the republics that their withdrawal from the USSR was impossible and they had nothing to hope for in this sense. So, in an interview for Soviet and French television in November 1990, the President of the USSR, recognizing that the Constitution of the USSR provides for the right to self-determination up to the secession of a republic and referring to the existence of a special mechanism for this exit, at the same time said that he had come to the conclusion, the country cannot be divided. The outcome of this legislative “fight” is known and dates back to December 1991. What should a legislator learn from these historical lessons? Most importantly: he must firmly grasp that there are certain limits to the possibilities of criminal law to achieve political and socio-economic goals.

THE PROJECT OF STAGING "KHOVANSHCHINA" BY M. P. MUSSORGSKY IN B.V. ASAFYEV’S ORCHESTRATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
V. A. Aleksandrova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
National Museum ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Central State ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Orchestral Score ◽  
First Time

The article is devoted to the history of an unrealized performance of M. P. Mussorgsky’s opera "Khovanshchina" orchestrated by B. V. Asafyev. On the basis of archival documents, stored in the Russian State Archive of Literature and Arts, the Russian National Museum of Music, Central State Archive of Literature and Art of Saint Petersburg, the Bolshoi Theatre Museum, most of which are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, studied the circumstances under which the opera was planned to be staged in the State Academic Theatre of Opera and Ballet (nowadays — the Mariinsky Theatre). Fragments from the reports of the Artistic Council of Opera at the State Academic Theatre of Opera and Ballet meetings, the correspondence between B. V. Asafyev and P. A. Lamm, the manuscript "P. A. Lamm. A Biography" by O. P. Lamm and other unpublished archival documents are cited. The author comes to the conclusion that most attempts to perform "Khovanshchina" were hindered by the difficult socio-political circumstances of the 1930s, while the existing assumptions about the creative failure of the Asafyev’s orchestration don’t find clear affirmation, neither in historical documents, nor in the existing manuscript of the orchestral score.

THE MAIN PROBLEMS OF COLLECTING THE DOCUMENTARY HERITAGE AND CREATING THE STATE ARCHIVAL FUND OF THE USSR IN 1917–1930S

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-99
Author(s):  
Nina I. Khimina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
The State ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
History Of Collecting ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
State Archives ◽  
Effective Use

The article examines the history of collecting documentary and cultural heritage since 1917 and the participation of archives, museums and libraries in the creation of the Archival Fund of the country. In the 1920s and 1930s, archival institutions were established through the efforts of outstanding representatives of Russian culture. At the same period, the structure and activities of the museums created earlier in the Russian state in the 18th – 19th centuries were improved. The new museums that had been opened in various regions of Russia received rescued archival funds, collections and occasional papers. It is shown that during this period there was a discussion about the differentiation of the concepts of an “archive”, “library” and a “museum”. The present work reveals the difficulties in the interaction between museums, libraries and archives in the process of saving the cultural heritage of the state and arranging archival documents; the article also discusses the problems and complications in the formation of the State Archival Fund of the USSR. During this period, the development of normative and methodological documents regulating the main areas of work on the description and registration of records received by state repositories contributed to a more efficient use and publication of the documents stored in the state archives. It is noted that museums and libraries had problems connected with the description of the archival documents accepted for storage, with record keeping and the creation of the finding aids for them, as well as with the possibilities of effective use of the papers. The documents of the manuscript departments of museums and libraries have become part of the unified archival heritage of Russia and, together with the state archives, they now provide information resources for conducting various kinds of historical research.

scholarly journals Fundamental Study of the Legendary Bibliophile Edition

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 655-661
Author(s):  
Alexander Y. Samarin
Keyword(s):  
Book Publishing ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Fundamental Study ◽  
National Union ◽  
Russian State ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Library ◽  
Design Options ◽  
Historical Methods

The article presents the analysis of the new book of the famous bibliophile, researcher and populariser of rare books and bibliophilism, the Chairman of the National Union of Bibliophiles M.V. Seslavinsky about the history of creation, specific aspects of publishing and art design of the famous bibliophilic edition “Cantata” by A.A. Sidorov (Moscow, 1921). Comic verses of the future famous bibliologist and art critic, corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR became the text for the first edition of the Russian society of the friends of books (1920—1929), the largest Association of booklovers of the 1920s. Two small runs totalled only 20 copies. The study is based primarily on the copies of “Cantata” preserved in the state collections (the Russian State Library, the State Tretyakov Gallery) and private collections, including the M.V. Seslavinsky’s one. The discovery of new documents on the history of the publication allowed restoring the list of owners of the autographed copies. Using the copy-by-copy method, the researcher succeeded in describing the numerous design options of the rarity of bibliophile publishing. The use of art-historical methods allowed to finally establish that the prototype for the image on the engraving “Bibliophile in 1920” (artist N.B. Baklanov, engraver I.N. Pavlov) was A.N. Benoit, the famous painter. The author introduces into circulation the handwritten poetic epistles of A.A. Sidorov to the owners of the autographed copies and other unique materials about preparation for printing, distribution and provenance of “Cantata”. In general, it can be concluded that M.V. Seslavinsky’s approaches to the analysis of “Cantata” can become basic in the study of bibliophile book as a special cultural phenomenon and trend in book publishing.

scholarly journals ON THE SPECIFICS OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE PLENIPOTENTIARIES OF THE STATE DEFENSIVE COMMITTEE DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR (ACCORDING TO DOCUMENTS OF FEDERAL AND REGIONAL ARCHIVES)

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
D. V. Repnikov
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Federal State ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Central State ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Udmurt Republic ◽  
History Of

The article is devoted to such an important aspect of the activities of the plenipotentiaries of the State Defensive Committee during the Great Patriotic War, as conflicts of authority. Contradictions between the plenipotentiaries of the State Defensive Committee and the leaders of party, state, economic bodies at various levels, as well as between the plenipotentiaries themselves, that were expressed in the emergence of various disputes and often resulted in conflicts of authority, became commonplace in the functioning of the state power system of the USSR in the war period. Based on documents from federal (State Archive of the Russian Federation, Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History, Russian State Archive of Economics) and regional (Central State Archive of the Udmurt Republic, Center for Documentation of the Recent History of the Udmurt Republic) archives, the author considers a conflict of authority situation that developed during the Great Patriotic War in the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, which shows that historical reality is more complicated than the stereotypical manifestations of it.

scholarly journals The Work of the Central Statistical Committee in 1917-1918

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
N. Yu. Cherepenina ◽  
A. L. Dmitriev
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Soviet State ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Revolutionary Period

The activity of state statistics throughout the revolutionary period of 1917 is uncharted territory in the history of Russian statistics. Using documents from the State Archive of the Russian Federation, the authors examined for the first time the last year of the Central Statistical Committee. Unlike other state structures of the previous government, it was not dissolved after the events of October 1917 and continued to operate after the Soviet government moved to Moscow. The article contains information on the first «Soviet» Head of the Central Statistical Committee of the Commissariat of Internal Affairs V.A. Algasov and outlines the work of Professor M.A. Sirinov, who was offered a position of the Head of the Central Statistical Committee by the People’s Commissar of Internal Affairs G.I. Petrovsky. Archive records helped establish the fact that both the authorities of the Central Statistical Committee and some statisticians came up with an idea of founding a new statistical service based on the Central Statistical Committee and gubernia (provincial) statistics. The authors revealed the role of V.V. Stepanov in relocating the Library of the Central Statistical Committee to Moscow. The article describes the clash of opinions that preceded the establishment of the Soviet state statistics, to be specific the inauguration of the RSFSR Central Statistical Board, which was envisaged to be an independent body, not subordinate to any agency, to ensure the independence of the country’s statistical service. 

AGITATION AND PROPAGANDA PROTECTION OF STATE INTERESTS IN THE IVANOVO REGION IN 1941

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
Vladimir Okolotin
Keyword(s):  
Initial Period ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Radio Broadcasting ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Defense

The article is devoted to the study of the actions of the Soviet state on agitation and propaganda protection of state interests in the Ivanovo region in 1941. It reflects the measures of the Soviet government and the state defense Committee of the USSR to prevent uncontrolled forms of dissemination of information that arouses alarm among the population and measures of responsibility for these actions. Important attention is paid to such official means of countering German propaganda in the Ivanovo region as radio broadcasting, periodicals and film production. It shows the specifics of their activities in the most difficult conditions of the initial period of the great Patriotic war, the degree of perception of the population of the region of the information they bring. The article is based on the materials of the Russian state archive of socio-political history, the state archive of the Ivanovo region and the local periodical press. The results of this research may be of interest to specialists in the history of the great Patriotic war, students of higher educational institutions, as well as the General public.

Predestination and freedom in Milton's Paradise Lost

2006 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-80
Author(s):  
Benjamin Myers
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Paradise Lost ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Human Freedom ◽  
Fluid Sphere ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Epic Poem ◽  
Human Decision ◽  
History Of

John Milton's epic poem Paradise Lost (1667) offers a highly creative seventeenth-century reconstruction of the doctrine of predestination, a reconstruction which both anticipates modern theological developments and sheds important light on the history of predestinarian thought. Moving beyond the framework of post-Reformation controversies, the poem emphasises both the freedom and the universality of electing grace, and the eternally decisive role of human freedom in salvation. The poem erases the distinction between an eternal election of some human beings and an eternal rejection of others, portraying reprobation instead as the temporal self-condemnation of those who wilfully reject their own election and so exclude themselves from salvation. While election is grounded in the gracious will of God, reprobation is thus grounded in the fluid sphere of human decision. Highlighting this sphere of human decision, the poem depicts the freedom of human beings to actualise the future as itself the object of divine predestination. While presenting its own unique vision of predestination, Paradise Lost thus moves towards the influential and distinctively modern formulations of later thinkers like Schleiermacher and Barth.

scholarly journals History of Medicine and Medical Law

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Mukhitdinova Firyuza Abdurashidovna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
History Of Medicine ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
The State ◽  
Medical Law ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Medical Activity ◽  
History Of

The article discusses the history of the development of traditional medicine and the human right to treatment. The ancestors of folk medicine and the legal regulations in this area are studied. The state of medical activity and medical law of Uzbekistan is analyzed.

scholarly journals Articles from the“Encyclopedia of Artistic Sciences” (ed. by E.A. Takho-Godi)

2021 ◽  
pp. 181-191
Author(s):  
Alexei F. Losev ◽  
Elena A. Takho-Godi
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Scientific Biography ◽  
Full Implementation ◽  
Research Department ◽  
Russian Philosopher ◽  
Russian State ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Library ◽  
First Time

The publication covers an obscure episode from the scientific biography of the great Russian philosopher Alexei Losev related to his work in the 1920s at the State Academy of Artistic Sciences (GAKhN). For the first time, Losev’s thirteen articles from Research Department of manuscripts of the Russian State Library [f. 81 (State Academy of art studies), inv. 26, item 1] are put into scientific circulation: “Antiquity”, “Apollinism”, “Harmony”, “Dionysism”, “Callistics”, “Calocagathia”, “Catharsis”, “Cosmic feeling”, “Cosmos”, “Logos”, “Mania”, “Mathematics and art”, “Melos”. This articles were written in the second half of the 1920s and were intended for a publishing project of the State Academy of Artistic Sciences – the first volume of the multi-volume “Encyclopedia of Artistic Sciences”, conceived in 1922 as a “Dictionary of Artistic Terminology”. The project was never realized. The topics of the articles reflect the range of the scientific problems that interested Losev in the 1920s as well as his special attention to the study of terminology, which found its full implementation in the 1970 – 1980s during the work on “The History of Classical Aesthetics”.

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