scholarly journals Вплив погодних умов на формування компонентів хімічного складу плодів сливи

2013 ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
М. Є. Сердюк ◽  
Н. А. Гапріндашвілі ◽  
П. В. Гогунська
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
The South ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Active Temperature

Досліджено вплив суми активних температур вище 10 °С, кількості опадів та гідротермічного коефіцієнта (ГТК) на формування сухих розчинних речовин, органічних кислот, цукрів та аскорбінової кислоти плодів сливи. Результати кореляційного аналізу дають можливість стверджувати, що найбільш істотний вплив на формування показників хімічного складу плодів сливи в умовах південного Степу України мають не погодні умови всього веґетаційного періоду, а умови останнього місяця перед збиранням плодів, коли найбільш активно відбувається формування їх якості. The influence of sum of active temperature which was higher than 10°С, the rainfall`s amount and the hydrothermal coefficient (HTC) on forming of soluble solids, organic acids, sugar and ascorbic acid of plum fruits has been investigated. The results of the correlated analysis give the opportunity to confirm that it`s not the weather of all vegetative period gives the most essential influence on the formation of the rate of plum fruit chemical composition in conditions of the South Steppe of Ukraine, but the weather of the last month before the harvest gives that influence when the most active forming of its quality takes place.

ASSESSMENT OF THE BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSTION OF BLACKBERRIES IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE IN BREEDING

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (86) ◽  
pp. 170-176
Author(s):  
D.I. Matnazarova ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
High Accumulation ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
High Sugar Content ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Active Substances

The work summarized the literature data on the content of chemicals in blackberries grown in various regions of Russia and foreign countries. Much attention is paid to the level of accumulation of biochemical components: soluble solids, sugars, organic acids, vitamins C (ascorbic acid) and P (phenolic compounds). In the studied regions, a high accumulation of anthocyanins (307-651 mg / 100 g) and ascorbic acid (23.4-54.0 mg / 100 g) in blackberries was noted in the Republic of Adygea. The highest sugar content (9.9%) was in blackberries grown in the middle zone of Russia. The average content of the studied components depends not only on the region of cultivation, but, first of all, on the varietal composition of the crop. The study of 25 blackberry varieties bred in the USA, England and Australia in the Krasnodar Territory allowed us to identify the most adapted of them for cultivation in the south of Russia,the most promising varieties are Thornfree, Smoothstem and Black Satin. In the Republic of Belarus, blackberries are grown on personal subsidiary plots, the most common is the American Agavam variety, which is noted for its high sugar content and the content of P-active substances. At the Maikop Experimental Station. N.I. Vavilov, as a result of studying the biochemical composition of blackberry berries, the following varieties were identified: by the content of dry matter – Oregon, Black Satin, Thornfree; sugar content – Oregon, Silvon, Black Satin, Thornfree, Young; by the content of organic acids – Derrow, Raven (1.67%), Cherokki (1.87%); by the content of ascorbic acid – Himalaya (54.6 mg / 100 g), Derrow (45.8 mg / 100 g), Raven (45.4 mg / 100 g) and Cherokki (47.8 mg / 100 g).

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Physical Characteristics of Fruits of Two Cultivars of Blue Honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L.) in Relation to their Degree of Maturity and Harvest Date

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ireneusz Dariusz OCHMIAN ◽  
Katarzyna SKUPIEN ◽  
Jozef GRAJKOWSKI ◽  
Milosz SMOLIK ◽  
Krystyna OSTROWSKA
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Fruit Colour ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Lonicera Caerulea ◽  
Blue Honeysuckle

The aim of study was to compare yield, fruit quality, chemical composition and fruits colour of berries of two blue honeysuckle(Lonicera caerulea L.) cultivars of Polish bred ‘Wojtek’ and ‘Brązowa’ collected at the beginning and at the end of harvest season,respectively. On average, ‘Wojtek’ yielded 1565 g per bush, whereas ‘Brązowa’ 1941 g. During the fruit ripening process, considerablechanges were found in the fruit colour. Fruits of both cultivars became darker and their colour changed from green and yellow to redand blue. With the changes in fruit colour, considerable changes in firmness also occurred. Fruit ripening reduced fruit firmness andpuncture resistance. For both genotypes, the berries of late harvest were bigger and richer in soluble solids and total polyphenol, however,they showed decreased firmness, lower acidity, and L-ascorbic acid content. Nevertheless the time of harvest, ‘Wojtek’ berries surpassed‘Brązowa’ fruit regarding soluble solids, titratable acidity and L-ascorbic acid content (for late-crop berries of both cultivars 14.1>12.6%,3.4>2.7 g citric acid 100 g1, and 76>56 mg 100 mL-1. Further, ‘Wojtek’ berries showed higher total polyphenol content (149.30 and183.66 mg∙100 g-1, for early and late ripening fruit, respectively) compared to that of ‘Brązowa’ (125.51 and 175.67 mg 100 g-1). Amongphenolics, anthocyanins made the substantial group ranging from 94.47 mg 100 g-1 (‘Brązowa’ berries of early harvest) to 141.96 mg 100g-1 (late ‘Wojtek’ fruit).

scholarly journals Comparison of Chemical Composition and Colour Parameters of Different Mentha Genus Plants Grown under Organic Conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Živilė TARASEVIČIENĖ ◽  
Aloyzas VELIČKA ◽  
Elvyra JARIENĖ ◽  
Aurelija PAULAUSKIENĖ ◽  
Anna KIELTYKA-DADASIEWICZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Waste Utilization ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Mentha Spicata ◽  
Chemical Content

Mentha species are one of the world oldest and popular herbs, that are used in cosmetic and food industry, as well as tea for their medical properties. Due the consumer perception of ecological production and aromatic plants production waste utilization the objective of this work was to determine differences in chemical content and colour among different varieties and parts of Mentha plants ecologically grown in Lithuania. In mint leaves there were determined: content of essential oils, dry matter, soluble solids, ascorbic acid, crude fibre, crude ash, photosynthetic pigments and colour CIE L*a*b* parameters. In the case of mint plants stems, the same analyses were performed except ascorbic acid, soluble solids and colour. The highest content of essential oils were found in Mentha spicata L. ‘Moroccan’ and Mentha piperita L. ‘Glacialis’ leaves, while the least in Mentha suaveolens Ehrh. ‘Variegata’. The content of essential oils in the stems was minor and did not depend on mint variety. Plant parts differ significantly in respect of chemical composition. Amount of dry matter in mint leaves and stems was very similar, while crude ash in the leaves was twice higher than in the stems. Content of crude fibre in the leaves did not differ significantly in all investigated varieties and was 3.6 times lower comparing with the stems. Average ratio of chlorophyll a to b in the leaves was equal to 2.78, while in stems equal to 2.83. The lightest was Mentha suaveolens ‘Variegata’, the darkest Mentha spicata L. ‘Moroccan’ and the greenest Mentha piperita L. ‘Swiss’ leaves. Mints and their parts differ in chemical content and can have widespread usage not only for production of high-value natural products but in addition as alternative fibrous biomass plants.

scholarly journals Yield and Nutritional Quality of Vesuvian Piennolo Tomato PDO as Affected by Farming System and Biostimulant Application

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Caruso ◽  
Stefania De Pascale ◽  
Eugenio Cozzolino ◽  
Antonio Cuciniello ◽  
Vincenzo Cenvinzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Protein Hydrolysate ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Area Index

Scientific investigations are being increasingly devoted to biostimulant effects on vegetable yield and quality, with the perspective of sustainable crop management. Two farming systems (conventional or organic) in factorial combination with two biostimulant treatments (tropical plant extract (PE); legume-derived protein hydrolysate (PH)) plus a non-treated control were compared in terms of tomato fruit yield, yield components, mineral composition, functional and nutritional indicators. PE- and PH-based biostimulants resulted in higher plant biomass, PH even in higher leaf area index, compared to non-treated control. Marketable yield was not significantly affected by farming system. PH and PE gave higher yield than non-treated control. PH treatment led to higher fruit number than the control, whereas PE incurred significant increase in yield only under organic farming. The mean fruit weight attained the highest value upon PE application under conventional management. Colour component a* (redness) was higher with the conventional system compared to the organic one, whereas an opposite trend was shown by the organic acids malate, oxalate and isocitrate. Irrespective of the farming system, the soluble solids, fruit brightness (L*) and redness as well as the target organic acids malate, oxalate, citrate and isocitrate were significantly higher than untreated plants by 10.1%, 16.1%, 19.8%, 18.9%, 12.1%, 13.5% and 26.8%, respectively, with no significant differences between the PH- and PE-based biostimulants. Higher lipophilic activity and total ascorbic acid concentration but lower lycopene were recorded under organic management. PE and PH application resulted in higher total phenol and ascorbic acid as well as in lycopene content, and lipophilic antioxidant activity than the non-treated control. Biostimulants proved to be an effective sustainable tool for enhancing tomato fruit yield and functional quality both under conventional and organic vegetable systems.

VARIABILITY OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF FRUITS OF STRAWBERRY SELECTED HYBRID FORMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
Е. V. Zhbanova ◽  
I. V. Lukyanchuk
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Range Of Variation

 The paper analysed three-year data (2017–2019) for chemical composition of fruit in promising selected strawberry seedlings (totally-more than 100 forms) from genetical pool of the I. V. Michurin Federal Scientific Center. Average values and the range of variation in the content of the main food and biologically active substances have been determined: soluble solids percentage varies from 8.7–17.0 % (mean 12.4 %), total sugars 5.8–13.2 % (mean 8.8 %), titrable acids — 0.54–1.34 % (mean 0.56 %), ascorbic acid — 44.0–110.4 mg/100 g (mean 72.9 mg/100 g), anthocyanins — 7.3–145.4 mg/100 g (mean 56.8 mg/100 g). In 2019 year the following selected forms 915-104 (298-22-19-21×Feyerverk), 20-8 (Prazdnichnaya×Dedanka), 28-19 (Lakomaya×Maryshka), 921-7 ([(516-167×Cardinal)×Feyerverk); 30-5 (Feyerverk×Privlekatelnaya) are characterized by high sugar accumulation (up to 10.0 %). In 2018 year the high vitamin C content (more over 100.0 mg/100 g) was observed in selected seedlings 914-27, 91459 (Festivalnaya×Privlekatelnaya), 56-9, 56-12 (Gigantella Maxim×Privlekatelnaya); high anthocyanin content (over 100.0 mg/100 g) was demonstrated (in selected seedlings 928-12 (298-19-9-43×Privlekatelnaya), 35-16 (922-67×Maryshka), 25-1 (Rubinovy Kulon×Maryshka), 21-44 (Urozhainaya CGL×Rubinovy Kulon). High and stable content of soluble solids, sugars and optimal acidity of fruit are registered in selected seedlings 26-5 (Rubinovy Kulon×298-19-9-43), 56-9 (Gigantella Maxim×Privlekatelnaya). The selected seedlings 914-9, 914-27 (Festivalnaya×Privlekatelnaya), 25-1 (Rubinovy Kulon×Maryshka), 56-8, 56-9 (Gigantella Maxim×Privlekatelnaya) exhibited the stable level of vitamin C content. High and stable anthocyanin content was confirmed in selected seedlings 914-9, 914-27 (Festivalnaya×Privlekatelnaya), 21-14 (Urozhainaya CGL×Rubinovy Kulon) and 25-1 (Rubinovy Kulon×Maryshka). According to the complex of biochemical characteristics the following selected forms were identified from the hybrid combination Festivalnaya×Privlekatelnaya: 914-27 (ascorbic acid — 90.2 mg/100 g, anthocyanins — 81.6 mg/100 g, sugars — 9.4 %), 914-9 (ascorbic acid — 89.8 mg/100 g, anthocyanins — 90.3 mg/100 g, sugars — 8.4 %). 

scholarly journals Effect of replacing sucrose with fructose on the physico-chemical sensory characteristics of kinnow candy

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 158-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Aggarwal ◽  
M. Michael
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Sensory Characteristics ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Physico Chemical

We determine the effect of substitution of sucrose with fructose on the physico-chemical composition and sensory characteristics of kinnow candy. Candy was prepared with peel using sucrose and fructose at the ratio of 100:0, 0:100, 75:25, 50:50, and 25:75 with 70 °B of TSS. Organoleptically, the candy prepared with 100% fructose proved the best but the candy prepared with 25:75 of sucrose to fructose was equally good. The least acceptable was the candy prepared with 100% sucrose, as it had a dull appearance and slight crystallisation was observed during storage. Moisture, acidity and ascorbic acid decreased while total soluble solids, reducing and total sugars and limonin increased with no change in ash content of the candies during four months of storage.  

scholarly journals Biochemical components of 1-MCP treated apples after exposure at 20±20С at the end of storage

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (97) ◽  
pp. 239-248
Author(s):  
A.V. Melnyk ◽  
◽  
L.M. Khudik
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Refrigerated Storage ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Early Winter ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Subsequent Decrease ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Apple Fruits

The soluble solids content, level of organic acids, sugars, vitamins and their ratios are the main biochemical indicators of nutritional value that determine the taste of fruits. At the beginning of storage, soluble solids content increases in winter apple varieties, then decreases, and the level of organic acids is mostly reduced due to the active use in respiration. Ascorbic acid is a natural antioxidant, which relatively low content in apples usually reduces during refrigerated storage. The preservation of product’s quality and slowing of ripening achieve by post-harvest treatment of apples with ethylene inhibitor 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), which reduces the loss of soluble solids content, titrated acidity and ascorbic acid. The purpose of the research was to identify the effect of post-harvest treatment of apples with 1-methylcyclopropene on the change in the content of soluble solids, titrated and ascorbic acids in the early winter apple fruits during the extended life cycle at room conditions at the end of long-term storage. Research objects were early-winter apple cultivars ‘Calville’ and ‘Spartan’, treated after harvest with 1-MCP (‘SmartFreshTM’ 0,068 g•m-3) for 24 h at 5 ± 1 ⁰C, during storage at 3 ± 1 ⁰C and relative humidity 85–90 % for two, three, four, five and six months (non-treated fruits – control). Physical-chemical parameters of apple fruits were evaluated monthly at the end of seven days exposure at 20 ± 2⁰C after refrigerated storage. The soluble solids content was determined by refractometer, the content of titrated acids — in recalculation on malic acid - by titration of the aqueous extract, the content of ascorbic acid – by titrimetric method. Data are means of three replicates. It was founded the decrease in soluble solids content of control fruits both varieties as a result of exposure at 20 ± 2⁰C during storage and increase in this indicator for 1-MCP treatment products during the first two and three months of storage with its subsequent decrease. 1-MCP treated fruits contained in twice higher titrated acids content and on 0.51–0.57 mg/100 g significantly higher ascorbic acid content at the end of the seven-day exposure at 20 ± 2⁰C after six months in refrigerator. Consequently, post-harvest 1-MCP treatment is significantly effective for the preservation of the main chemical components’s content of apple fruits at elevated temperature.

scholarly journals Berries and large fruits of the Samara region harvest 2016 year of the collection of the research institute «Zhigulevsky garden» as a perspective raw material in the food industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-235
Author(s):  
S. A. Aleksashina ◽  
N. V. Makarova ◽  
L. G. Demenina ◽  
M. I. Antipenko
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Research Institute

One of the most important components of the human diet is the berries and stone fruits. They are rich in sugars, organic acids and biologically active substances - antioxidants. Together, the presented indicators (chemical composition and antioxidant activity) are important for the stable operation of the human body and the technological process when processing plant materials. When analyzing the chemical composition of berries and large fruits from the collection of the Research Institute "Zhigulevskie Gardens", it was revealed that the grade of raw materials influences the determined indexes.The highest value of soluble solids is occupied by the samples of apricot (leading Krugly variety), Black currant (leading Orloviya variety), raspberry (Balzam is leading).The lowest value of soluble solids was observed in strawberry varieties Kama. Analyze berries and fruits differ in the content of organic acids slightly. The maximum content of sugars in apricot, and the minimum for black currant. In the studied fruits, the highest content of phenols was recorded in the black currant. The varieties of flavonoids are different: strawberry Festivalaya, black currant Perun, apricot Khabarovskiy and raspberry Balzam. Low results showed apricot (grade Krugly, Pogremok). The high antioxidant activity was shown by the raspberry varieties Lyubetovskaya and Balzam. The chemical composition and antioxidant activity of fruits and berries play an important role not only for the human body, but also for the technological process during their processing. For this reason, analysis of the feedstock is an important stage in the development and manufacture of food products with a directed antioxidant effect.

scholarly journals Influence of Harvesting Time on the Chemical Composition of Wild Stinging Nettle (Urtica dioica L.)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 686
Author(s):  
Aurelija Paulauskienė ◽  
Živilė Tarasevičienė ◽  
Valdas Laukagalis
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Urtica Dioica ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Stinging Nettle

This research aimed to determine the effect of different harvesting times on the chemical composition of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.). The leaves of nettle were harvested at the same place once a month in the period of April–September 2019. The analysis focused on the contents of dry matter, soluble solids, ascorbic acid, titratable acidity, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, total carotenoids, total phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, ash content, and macro- and microelements. The nettles harvested in April were characterized by the highest levels of soluble solids and some macro-and microelements (P, K, Fe, Zn). The plants harvested in May were distinguished for titratable acidity, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid contents. In this month, the plants were determined to have the highest antioxidant activity during the entire vegetation period. The plants collected in July contained the highest amount of Mn, but the antioxidant activity of these plants was the lowest during the vegetation period. In August, the plants had the highest levels of ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds, and ash, while the plants collected in September were characterized by having the highest amounts of Ca, Mg, and B as compared to those established in other months of vegetation.

scholarly journals BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF FRUITS OF SOME REPRESENTATIVES OF THE GENUS SORBUS L. IN COL-LECTION OF THE SOUTH-URAL BOTANICAL GARDEN

2021 ◽  
pp. 235-243
Author(s):  
Rimma Galimzyanovna Abdullina ◽  
Kira Aleksandrovna Pupykina ◽  
Светлана Галимулловна Denisova ◽  
Viktoriya Viktorovna Pupykina
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Sorbus Aucuparia ◽  
The South ◽  
Natural Form ◽  
Mountain Ash

Mountain ash (Sorbus aucuparia L.) is a valuable medicinal and food plant that is widely used in practical medicine and in amateur horticulture. The purpose of this study was to determine the content of ascorbic acid, organic acids, tanning substances and flavonoids in the fruits of some representatives of the Sorbus genus of the collection of the South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute and to identify the most promising taxa. For analysis, fruits were collected in the full ripening phase and dried to air-dry state. Phytochemical studies were carried out according to conventional methods. The object of comparison was the official pharmacopoeia species – Sorbus aucuparia. Analysis of the obtained data found that the fruits × Sorbocotoneaster pozdnijkovii and Sorbus sibirica outperformed the natural form (Sorbus aucuparia) in terms of ascorbic acid content by 11.54 and 43.27%; Organic acids by 24.11 and 60.84%; Tanning substances by 3.49 and 43.23%; Flavonoids by 44.19 and 12.79%, respectively. The obtained results allow to recommend these taxa as promising sources of raw materials for production of biologically active substances in production of natural food products and food additives.

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