Identification of Nutrient Contents in Six Potential Green Biomasses for Developing Liquid Organic Fertilizer in Closed Agriculture Production System

The use of solid organic fertilizer in closed agricultural production system must be combined with foliar application to improve fertilizing effectiveness. Nutrient contents in tissues of green biomass determine the quality of liquid organic fertilizer. Six potential green biomasses, Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray, Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex Walp., Leucaena leucocephala (Lamk.) de Wit, Ageratum conyzoides L., Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms, and banana corms were identified its nutrient contents. Samples were dried at 60 oC for 48 hours, grinded, analyzed for N, P, K, Ca-ex, Mg-ex, C, cellulose and lignin contents. Results indicated that T. diversifolia and A. conyzoides had the highest N content compared to other biomasses. A. conyzoides had the highest P content, followed by T. diversifolia. A. conyzoides had the highest K content, followed by G. sepium. The highest Ca-ex content was in L. leucocephala, followed by A. conyzoides. The highest Mg-ex content was found in A. conyzoides, followed by L. leucocephala. The highest C content was found in E.crassipes, followed by G. Sepium. T. diversifolia had the highest cellulose content, followed by E.crassipes. Lignin content of all biomasses was similar. Lastly, E.crassipes had the highest C/N compared to other biomass, and both T. diversifolia and A. conyzoides had the lowest C/N. It is concluded that A. conyzoides is the most promising green biomass for production of liquid organic fertilizer, followed by T. diversifolia and G. sepium.

Download Full-text

Selected Macronutrients Uptake by Sweet Corn under Different Rates Liquid Organic Fertilizer in Closed Agriculture System

10.31227/osf.io/5rgsb ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Zainal Muktamar ◽

Fahrurrozi Fahrurrozi ◽

Dwatmadji Dwatmadji ◽

Nanik Setyowati ◽

Sigit Sudjatmiko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Uptake ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Block Design ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Research Station ◽

Treatment Combination ◽

System P ◽

Phosphorus And Potassium ◽

Nitrogen Phosphorus

In the last few years, soil deterioration due to excessive application of synthetic agrochemical has become growing concern. Use of organic fertilizer is believed to be able to enhance soil quality. The objective of this experiment was to determine nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium uptakes by sweet corn as affected by local based liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) under closed agriculture system. The experiment was conducted in Closed Agriculture Production System (CAPS) Research Station in Air Duku Village, Bengkulu, Indonesia from March to June 2015, employing Randomized Completely Block Design with 2 factors. The first factor was 3 sweet corn genotypes, i.e. Talenta, Jambore, and Asian Honey and the second factor was 5 rates of LOF, i.e. 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg l-1, respectively. Each treatment combination was replicated 3 times. Foliar application of LOF was carried out every week at 2-8 weeks after planting (WAP) with total volume of 600 ml per plant. Sweet corn leaves were sampled at the beginning of tassel emergence. The experiment revealed that sweet corn genotype significantly influenced the uptake of nitrogen, but not phosphorus and potassium. It was observed that Asian Honey genotype absorbed highest nitrogen as compared to other genotypes. In addition, increase in rates of LOF significantly raised nitrogen uptake by sweet corn, but not phosphorus and potassium.

Download Full-text

Identification of Nutrient Contents in Six Potential Green Biomasses for Developing Liquid Organic Fertilizer in Closed Agricultural Production System

International Journal on Advanced Science Engineering and Information Technology ◽

10.18517/ijaseit.7.2.1889 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 559

Author(s):

Fahrurrozi ◽

Yenny Sariasih ◽

Zainal Muktamar ◽

Nanik Setyowati ◽

Mohammad Chozin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Production System ◽

Agricultural Production ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Nutrient Contents ◽

Agricultural Production System

Download Full-text

Analysis of Sound Reduction and Strong Drag Composite Concrete Fibers Gedebok Banana Results Delignification with Sodium Hydroxide Solvent (Naoh)

Inovasi Pembangunan : Jurnal Kelitbangan ◽

10.35450/jip.v6i02.90 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (02) ◽

pp. 105-120

Author(s):

Muhammad Rouf Suprayogi ◽

Annisa Mufida ◽

Edwin Azwar

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Lignin Content ◽

Sound Intensity ◽

Cellulose Fiber ◽

Cellulose Content ◽

Cellulose Powder ◽

Drying Method ◽

Normal Concrete ◽

Sound Reduction

In composite science, desirable materials that are lighter but have the power and quality that can match or even exceed the material that has been there before. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cellulose fiber addition from banana gedebok to tensile strength, compressive strength and damping of concrete composite sound. To achieve this objective, mixing of cellulose fibers with K-275 quality concrete mix with variation of 0% and 5% substitution in which the cellulose is varied in powder and wicker form. Delignification of lignin content from banana gedebok was done by soaking and drying method without any variation and yielding powder having cellulose content of 13,0388%, hemicellulose 18,2796% and lignin 0,6684%. This study produces concrete composites that have a tensile strength and a compressive strength lower than that of normal concrete. Normally reinforced concrete tensile strength value 94.5 kg / cm2, 71.4 kg / cm2 cellulose powder concrete and 90.3 kg / cm2 cellulose woven concrete. Normal concrete compressive strength value 334,22 kg / cm2, cellulose powder concrete 215,7 kg / cm2, and cellulose webbing concrete 157,98 kg / cm2. As for the power damping sound of cellulose webbing concrete has the highest damping power compared to other concrete with the absorbed sound intensity that is 52-68 dB

Download Full-text

Silicon dioxide nanofertilizers improve photosynthetic capacity of two Criollo cocoa clones (Theobroma cacao L.)

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479721000065 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-18

Author(s):

Pedro Gómez-Vera ◽

Héctor Blanco-Flores ◽

Ana Marta Francisco ◽

Jimmy Castillo ◽

Wilmer Tezara

Keyword(s):

Silicon Dioxide ◽

Physiological Response ◽

Photosynthetic Capacity ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Photosynthetic Pigment ◽

Photochemical Activity ◽

Total Soluble Protein ◽

Nutrient Contents ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Positive Effect

Summary Studies on the effect of nanofertilizers (NF) in physiological performance of plants is scarce, especially that related to substances encapsulated into silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticles in cocoa plants. The effect of foliar application of SiO2-NF on nutrient contents, gas exchange, photochemical activity, photosynthetic pigments, total soluble protein (TSP), photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE), and growth in seedlings of two cocoa clones (OC-61 and BR-05) in a greenhouse was assessed. Spraying with SiO2-NF increased net photosynthetic rate (A) by 16 and 60% and electron transport rate (J) by 52 and 162% in clones OC-61 and BR-05, respectively, without changes in photosynthetic pigment concentration in either clone. The SiO2-NF caused a decrease of 37 and 22% in stomatal conductance in OC-61 and BR-05, respectively; a similar trend was observed in transpiration rate, causing an increase of 42 and 100% in water use efficiency in OC-61 and BR-05, respectively. In both clones, diameter of graft increased on average 28% with SiO2-NF. Higher photosynthetic capacity was related to an increase in leaf N, P, and TSP. A significant reduction in PNUE (A/N ratio) was found in OC-61, whereas in BR-05 PNUE increased after spraying with SiO2-NF. Overall, spraying with SiO2-NF had a positive effect on photosynthetic processes in both cocoa clones, associated with an increase in nutrients content, which translated into improved growth. A differential physiological response to spraying with SiO2-NF between clones was also found, with BR-05 being the clone with a better physiological response during the establishment and development stages.

Download Full-text

Phosphorus (P) improves industrial tomato quality and yield in soil with high phosphorus content

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.20.14.08.p2629 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1335-1341

Author(s):

Arthur Bernardes Cecílio Filho ◽

Bruno Trevizaneli ◽

Sergio Manuel Rugeles Reyes

Keyword(s):

Soluble Solids ◽

Tomato Crop ◽

Nutrient Contents ◽

Soil P ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

P Content ◽

Tomato Processing ◽

Commercial Yield ◽

Solids Content

Soils under intensive and successive cropping with central pivot irrigation tend to present high nutrient contents, especially phosphorus (P), which is a nutrient with a great impact on the yield and quality of agricultural products. Among the rotating crops, the application of high P rates is common in processing tomato, although not supported by research. This work evaluates the effect of phosphate fertilization (0, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 kg ha-1 P2O5) on the yield and quality of industrial tomato ‘Heinz 9553’ grown in a soil with high available P content (145 mg dm-3) resulting of an intensive vegetables cultivation, which have high demand by P. The highest total (127.4 t ha-1) and commercial (108.6 t ha-1) yields were obtained with 413.9 and 384 kg ha-1 P2O5, respectively. The results showed that pH of tomato juice, the percentages of green, red, and commercial fruits were not influenced by the applied P rates. However, nutrient delivery increased the soluble solids content up to 356 kg ha-1 P2O5, which is interesting for tomato processing. After harvesting the fruits, the available soil P content was increased with P supply to the plants. For improvement of commercial yield and soluble solids characteristics, the tomato crop shall be fertilised with P even though the soil has high P content.

Download Full-text

PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH CAIR TAHU DAN DAUN GAMAL (Gliricidia sepium) SEBAGAI PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR DENGAN METODA FERMENTASI DENGAN AKTIVATOR EM4

Photon: Jurnal Sain dan Kesehatan ◽

10.37859/jp.v8i01.546 ◽

1930 ◽

Vol 8 (01) ◽

pp. 127-135

Author(s):

Hasmalina Nasution ◽

Henny D J ◽

Ulsanna Laira

Keyword(s):

Fermentation Process ◽

Anaerobic Fermentation ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Harmful Effect ◽

Liquid Waste ◽

Gliricidia Sepium ◽

Fermentation Time ◽

Quality Requirements ◽

Industry Waste ◽

Phosphorus And Potassium

Liquid organic fertilizer is organic fertilizer in a liquid preparation as apart or all of from organic compound such as plant, animal, and industry waste, solid or liquid phase Nutrients contained therein form of a solution that is so fine that is easily absorbed by plants, though the leaves or stems. Organic fertilizer is one of solution to recovery physical, chemical and biological soil mineral from harmful effect at synthetic fertilize. Liquid fertilizer is obtained from the fermentation process solid first and then proceed with the extraction and liquid anaerobic fermentation process.In the fermentation process, the role of microbes largely determine the resulting product.The aim of this study was to determine the potential of liquid waste out as a liquid organic fertilizer with the addition of leaves of Gliricidia plants with a variation of 200 gr and 400 gr to increase mocro and micro nutrients with EM4 bacteria activator by fermentation procces. Macro nutrients result show Nitrogen 1250,57 ppm, phosphorus 1626,51 ppm potasium 2987,45 ppm, C-organic 8550 ppm, the ratio of C/N 7, and micro nutrients (Fe, Cu, Mn) C organic result Fe 57.99 ppm, Cu 0.30 ppm, Mn 2.83 ppm in the optimum fermentation time of 5 days with additional variations Gliricidia leaves 400 g. Macro nutrient of Organic fertilizer produced meets the quality requirements of the regulation which has set the levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the amount of <2% or <20000, C organic ≥ 4% (40000 ppm), the ratio of C / N ≥ 4 ppm. Micro nutrients result do not meet the quality requirements of the agriculture minister No.28/Permentan/OT.140/2/2009. quality regulations for, and metal 100-1000 ppm.

Download Full-text

Tensile Characterization of Pre-harvest Treated Pineapple Leaf Fibre

Journal of Engineering Research and Reports ◽

10.9734/jerr/2020/v18i417218 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 51-58

Author(s):

H. Uguru ◽

G. E. Obah

Keyword(s):

Tensile Test ◽

Tensile Properties ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Tensile Elongation ◽

Calcium Nitrate ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Cellulose Content ◽

Field Practice ◽

Pineapple Leaves ◽

Treatment Concentration

This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of field practice on the tensile properties of pineapple leaf fibre (PAFL). The pineapple leaves were treated in the field with calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2) at four concentrations (0 mg/l, 100 mg/l, 200 mg/l and 300 mg/l). All the treatments were applied through foliar application, twice monthly, for duration of five months. The pineapple leaves were harvested after five months of the treatment application, and their fibre extracted through the retting method. In addition, the cellulose content of the PALF was determined according to approved method. The extracted fibre was subjected to tensile test, using ASTM International approved methods. Results obtained from the tensile test revealed that the pre-harvested treatment had significant (p ≤0.5) effect on the tensile properties of the PALF. The tensile strength increased from 583.67 MPa to 880.83 MPa; while the Young’s modulus increased from 23.77 GPa to 28.23 GPa, as the treatment concentration increased from 0 mg/l to 300 mg/l. Likewise, the tensile elongation decreased from 3.13 mm to 1.83 mm, as the treatment concentration increased from 0 mg/l to 300 mg/l. In terms of the cellulose content, the study revealed that the cellulose content of the fibre increased significantly (p ≤0.05) with increased in the treatment concentration. At the concentration of 0 mg/l, the PAFL had cellulose content of 63.6%, which increased linearly to 77% at the concentration of 300 mg/l. From these results, it can be seen that field practice greatly increased the potential of PALF in composites production and other industrial applications.

Download Full-text

Synthesis of lactic acid from sugar palm trunk waste (Arenga pinnata): Preliminary hydrolysis and fermentation studies

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d210559 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

Author(s):

WHINY HARDIYATI ERLIANA ◽

Tri Widjaja ◽

ALI ALTWAY ◽

LILY PUDJIASTUTI

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Lignin Content ◽

Agricultural Waste ◽

Lactic Acid Production ◽

Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽

Lactobacillus Brevis ◽

Reducing Sugar ◽

Cellulose Content ◽

Acid Pretreatment ◽

Acid Fermentation

Abstract. Erliana WH, Widjaja T, Altway A, Pudjiastuti L. 2020. Synthesis of lactic acid from sugar palm trunk waste (Arenga pinnata): Hydrolysis and fermentation studies. Biodiversitas 21: 2281-2288. The increasing problems of global energy and the environment are the main reasons for developing products with new techniques through green methods. Sugar palm trunk waste (SPTW) has potential as agricultural waste because of its abundant availability, but it is not used optimally. This study was aimed to determine the effect of various microorganisms on increasing lactic acid production by controlling pH and temperature conditions in the fermentation process. SPTW contains 43.88% cellulose, 7.24% hemicellulose, and 33.24% lignin. The lignin content in SPTW can inhibit reducing sugar formation; the pretreatment process should remove this content. In the study, the pretreatment process was conducted using acid-organosolv. In the acid pretreatment, 0.2 M H2SO4 was added at 120oC for 40 minutes; organosolv pretreatment using 30% ethanol (v/v) at 107oC for 33 minutes was able to increase cellulose content by 56.33% and decrease lignin content by 27.09%. The pretreatment was followed by an enzymatic hydrolysis process with a combination of commercial cellulase enzymes from Aspergillus niger (AN) and Trichoderma reesei (TR), with variations of 0:1, 1:0, 1:1, 1:2 and 2:1. The best reducing sugar concentration was obtained with an AN: TR ratio of 1:2 to form reducing sugar from cellulose. Subsequently, lactic acid fermentation was carried out using lactic acid bacteria at 37oC and pH 6 incubated for 48 hours. The highest lactic acid concentration (33.292 g/L) was obtained using a mixed culture of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus brevis to convert reducing sugar become lactic acid.

Download Full-text

Negative gravitropism of Ginkgo biloba: growth stress and reaction wood formation

Holzforschung ◽

10.1515/hf-2015-0005 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 70 (3) ◽

pp. 267-274 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Tatsuya Shirai ◽

Hiroyuki Yamamoto ◽

Miyuki Matsuo ◽

Mikuri Inatsugu ◽

Masato Yoshida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ginkgo Biloba ◽

Lignin Content ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Wood Formation ◽

Growth Stress ◽

Reaction Wood ◽

Cellulose Content ◽

S2 Layer ◽

Negative Gravitropism

Abstract Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba L.) forms thick, lignified secondary xylem in the cylindrical stem as in Pinales (commonly called conifers), although it has more phylogenetic affinity to Cycadales than to conifers. Ginkgo forms compression wood-like (CW-like) reaction wood (RW) in its inclined stem as it is the case in conifers. However, the distribution of growth stress is not yet investigated in the RW of ginkgo, and thus this tissue resulting from negative gravitropism is still waiting for closer consideration. The present study intended to fill this gap. It has been demonstrated that, indeed, ginkgo forms RW tissue on the lower side of the inclined stem, where the compressive growth stress (CGS) was generated. In the RW, the micorofibril angle in the S2 layer, the air-dried density, and the lignin content increased, whereas the cellulose content decreased. These data are quite similar to those of conifer CWs. The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the CGS is significantly correlated by the changes in the aforementioned parameters. It can be safely concluded that the negative gravitropism of ginkgo is very similar to that of conifers.

Download Full-text