Recycling -Wikipedia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minh-Hoang Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
New Materials ◽  
P Recycling ◽  
State 1 ◽  
Energy From Waste ◽  
Reducing Energy

Recycling is the process of converting waste materials into new materials and objects. The recovery of energy from waste materials is often included in this concept. The recyclability of a material depends on its ability to reacquire the properties it had in its original state.[1] It is an alternative to "conventional" waste disposal that can save material and help lower greenhouse gas emissions. It can also prevent the waste of potentially useful materials and reduce the consumption of fresh raw materials, reducing energy use, air pollution (from incineration) and water pollution (from landfilling). ***** For archiving purpose only *****

Pendayagunaan Sampah Menjadi Produk Kerajinan

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Nur Fatoni ◽  
Rinaldy Imanuddin ◽  
Ahmad Ridho Darmawan
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Garbage Disposal ◽  
Waste Separation ◽  
And Training

Waste management is still defined as limited to collection, transportation and garbage disposal. The follow-up of the meaning is the provision of facilities such as garbage bins, garbage trucks and waste collection land. Waste management has not included waste separation. Segregation of waste can minimize the amount of waste that must be discharged to the final place. Segregation of waste can supply recyclable raw materials and handicrafts made from garbage. The manufacture of handicraft products from garbage is still local and requires socialization and training. It is needed to increase the number of craftsmen and garbage absorption on the crafters. Through careful socialization and training, citizens' awareness of waste management becomes advanced by making handicrafts of economic value from waste materials.

Water Pollution Abatement in Small Paper Mills in India

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Panneerselvam
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Pollution Abatement ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Recovery System

In order to reduce the demand for the forest based raw materials by the organised industrial sectors like the large integrated pulp and paper mills, the Government of India started promoting several small-scale pulp and paper mills based on non-wood agricultural residue raw materials. However promotion of these small mills has created another environmental problem i.e. severe water pollution due to non-recovery of chemicals. Because of the typical characteristics like high silica content etc. of the black liquor produced and the subsequent high capital investment needed for a recovery system, it is not economically feasible for the small Indian mills to recover the chemicals. While the quantity of wastewater generated per tonne of paper produced by a small mill is same as from a large integrated pulp and paper mill with a chemical recovery system, their BOD load is four times higher, due to non recovery of chemicals. However the existing wastewater disposal standards are uniform for large and small mills for e.g. 30 mg BOD/l. To meet these standards, the small mills have to install a capital intensive wastewater treatment plant with heavy recurring operating costs. Therefore the feasible alternative is to implement various pollution abatement measures, with the objective of not only reducing the fibre/chemical loss but also to reduce the investment and operating costs of the final wastewater treatment system. To illustrate this approach, a case study on water pollution abatement and control in a 10 TPD mill, will be discussed.

Investigation on Shear Behaviour of Flax-Kenaf Hybrid Composite

2014 ◽  
Vol 1051 ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.S. Srinivasan ◽  
S. Rajendra Boopathy ◽  
B. Vijaya Ramnath
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Fiber Composites ◽  
Shear Behaviour ◽  
Biodegradable Material ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Double Shear ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Shear Property

The present technological development makes us to find and fabricate new materials to replace existing materials. Also, the need for environmental friendly, easily biodegradable material plays prime role in determining the raw materials. In this paper Flax and Kenaf fibres are used as the suspending matrix to form hybrid composite with epoxy resin. Hand layup technique is carried out in this work to fabricate composite laminate. The double shear property is evaluated. The result shows that the hybrid composite shows better property than mono fiber composites.

Repairing the damage: cleaning up hazardous coal ash can create jobs and improve the environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Richardson ◽  
◽  
Eric Dixon ◽  
Ted Boettner ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Communities Of Color ◽  
Negative Impacts

Although coal has powered the nation for generations and today offers well-paying jobs—often the best opportunities in more rural areas—coal negatively affects human health and the environment at every point in its life cycle: when it is mined, processed, transported, burned, and discarded (Freese, Clemmer, and Nogee 2008). Local communities— often low-income communities and/or communities of color—have for decades borne the brunt of these negative impacts, including air pollution, water pollution, and work- place injuries, illnesses, and fatalities.

Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Magnesia Binder Based on Natural and Technogenic Raw Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 320 ◽  
pp. 181-185
Author(s):  
Elvija Namsone ◽  
Genadijs Sahmenko ◽  
Irina Shvetsova ◽  
Aleksandrs Korjakins
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Experimental Part ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials ◽  
Caustic Magnesia

Because of low calcination temperature, magnesia binders are attributed as low-CO2 emission materials that can benefit the environment by reducing the energy consumption of building sector. Portland cement in different areas of construction can be replaced by magnesia binder which do not require autoclave treatment for hardening, it has low thermal conductivity and high strength properties. Magnesium-based materials are characterized by decorativeness and ecological compatibility.The experimental part of this research is based on the preparation of magnesia binders by adding raw materials and calcinated products and caustic magnesia. The aim of this study was to obtain low-CO2 emission and eco-friendly material using local dolomite waste materials, comparing physical, mechanical, thermal properties of magnesium binders.

Influence of Mix Fly and Bottom Ashes from Biomass on Selected Properties of Cement Mortars

2019 ◽  
Vol 828 ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Ulewicz ◽  
Jakub Jura
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Fluorescence Spectrometer

The preliminary results of utilization of fly and bottom ash from combustion of biomass for the produce of cement mortars has been presented. Currently, this waste are deposited in industrial waste landfills. The chemical composition of waste materials was determined using X-ray fluorescence (spectrometer ARL Advant 'XP). ). In the studies sand was replaced by mix of fly and bottom ash from the combustion of biomass in an amount of 10-30% by weight of cement CEM I 42.5 R (Cemex). The obtained cement mortar concrete were subjected to microscopic examination (LEO Electron Microscopy Ltd.) and their compressive strength (PN-EN-196-1), frost resistance (PN-EN 1015-11 and PN-B -04500 ) and absorbability (PN-85/B-04500) were identified. The obtained results showed, the replacement of the cement by mix ashes from combustion of biomass reduce consumption of raw materials and will have a good influence on the environment.

scholarly journals EXPLOITATION OF AGRI-FOOD SOLID WASTES FOR RECOVERY OF HIGH ADDED-VALUE COMPOUNDS: THE CASE OF GRAPE POMACE AND ONION PEELS

1970 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Papagiotis Kefalas ◽  
D. P. Makris
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Grape Pomace ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Pigment Extraction ◽  
Red Grape

Large quantities of both liquid and solid wastes are produced annually by the food processing industry. These waste materials contain principally biodegradable organic matter and their disposal creates serious environmental problems. The waste loads at the processing plant can be significantly reduced through the use of new or modified processing methods or through in-plant treatment and reuse and a variety of processes are being developed towards this direction, aiming at converting the waste materials into bio-fuels, food ingredients and other added-value bio-products. The scope of the present study was an examination on the possibilities of using non-toxic, cheap and readily available means of recovering phenolics from red pomace and onion peels. On such a basis, the solvent systems tested were composed of ethanol, a bio-solvent that can be obtained after fermentation of the sugar-containing raw materials and distillation. In the case of red grape pomace, simple media composed of 60% ethanol were shown to be ideal for recovery of extracts with increased polyphenol concentration and antiradical activity. Higher ethanol content (90%), however, was more effective for pigment extraction. For onion peels, extracts with high flavonol recovery and a reducing power were obtained with a similar medium (60% ethanol/ 0.1% HCl), while optimisation of the extraction conditions with regard to temperature and time, afforded higher yield and more active extracts.

scholarly journals Institute of clean technologies for mining and utilization of raw materials for energy use – a new potential of research in Ostrava

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Václav Dombek
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Electron Microprobe ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Water Jet ◽  
First Year ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Clean Technologies ◽  
Innovation Projects ◽  
Research Programmes

Abstract A year ago, in Ostrava, one of the major RDI (Research and Development for Innovation) projects was initiated in the Moravian-Silesian Region, called the Institute of Clean Technologies for Mining and Utilization of Raw Materials for Energy Use. During the first year, many of the top and often unique research laboratories and workplaces were built with a budget of over CZK200m, such as “Workplace of Electron Microprobe”, „Workplace of Tomographic Methods“, “Workplace of Hydrochemistry and Hydrobiology”, “Workplace of Thermal, Hydraulic and Mechanical (THM) Processes in Rocks”, “Workplace of Water Jet”, “Isotope and GCTOF Laboratory” and many others. This laid the basis for various research programmes with truly extraordinary extent and impact not only on the Czech industry but also economy of other EU member states.

scholarly journals Substrates for slow pyrolysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 08004
Author(s):  
Václav Peer ◽  
Jaroslav Frantík ◽  
Jan Kielar ◽  
Drahomír Mašek
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
Simple Construction ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Solid Materials ◽  
Slow Pyrolysis ◽  
Pyrolysis Of Biomass

Slow pyrolysis of solid materials can produce new materials usable for energy or chemical industry. The advantage of pyrolysis devices is the simple construction and process control and the ability to utilize materials with different properties (composition, ash content). Produced gaseous, liquid and solid materials could be used as a sources of energy, raw materials in chemical industry or substances for improving of soil properties. At article are described products of slow pyrolysis of biomass (wood chips), agrifuels (hay, wheat straw) and sewage sludge.

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