scholarly journals The Electrostrong Relation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikola Perkovic
Keyword(s):  
Energy Scale ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Asymptotic Freedom ◽  
Landau Pole ◽  
First Time

In an attempt to eliminate the Landau Pole from QED by borrowing asymptotic freedom fromQCD, I was successful in uniting the coupling constants of the two, respectively, in the Electrostrong relation. The Strong CP problem is also solved proving that there is no need for fine tuning in QCD. The first step however, was improving the measurement for the running of the strongcoupling constant that can be tested experimentally for the energy scale of the QCD integration parameter Λ, offering such a prediction for the first time.

scholarly journals Homopiperazine (Hexahydro-1,4-diazepine)

Molbank ◽  
10.3390/m1200 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. M1200
Author(s):  
R. Alan Aitken ◽  
Dheirya K. Sonecha ◽  
Alexandra M. Z. Slawin
Keyword(s):  
13C Nmr ◽  
Title Compound ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
15N Nmr ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Nmr Spectrum ◽  
X Ray ◽  
First Time

The X-ray structure of the title compound has been determined for the first time. Data on its 1H–13C-NMR coupling constants and 15N-NMR spectrum are also given.

scholarly journals The scalar chemical potential in cosmological collider physics

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arushi Bodas ◽  
Soubhik Kumar ◽  
Raman Sundrum
Keyword(s):  
Particle Production ◽  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Heavy Particle ◽  
Scalar Particle ◽  
Energy Scale ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Tree Level ◽  
Heavy Particles ◽  
Non Gaussian

Abstract Non-analyticity in co-moving momenta within the non-Gaussian bispectrum is a distinctive sign of on-shell particle production during inflation, presenting a unique opportunity for the “direct detection” of particles with masses as large as the inflationary Hubble scale (H). However, the strength of such non-analyticity ordinarily drops exponentially by a Boltzmann-like factor as masses exceed H. In this paper, we study an exception provided by a dimension-5 derivative coupling of the inflaton to heavy-particle currents, applying it specifically to the case of two real scalars. The operator has a “chemical potential” form, which harnesses the large kinetic energy scale of the inflaton, $$ {\overset{\cdot }{\phi}}_0^{1/2}\approx 60H $$ ϕ ⋅ 0 1 / 2 ≈ 60 H , to act as an efficient source of scalar particle production. Derivative couplings of inflaton ensure radiative stability of the slow-roll potential, which in turn maintains (approximate) scale-invariance of the inflationary correlations. We show that a signal not suffering Boltzmann suppression can be obtained in the bispectrum with strength fNL ∼ $$ \mathcal{O} $$ O (0.01–10) for an extended range of scalar masses $$ \lesssim {\overset{\cdot }{\phi}}_0^{1/2} $$ ≲ ϕ ⋅ 0 1 / 2 , potentially as high as 1015 GeV, within the sensitivity of upcoming LSS and more futuristic 21-cm experiments. The mechanism does not invoke any particular fine-tuning of parameters or breakdown of perturbation-theoretic control. The leading contribution appears at tree-level, which makes the calculation analytically tractable and removes the loop-suppression as compared to earlier chemical potential studies of non-zero spins. The steady particle production allows us to infer the effective mass of the heavy particles and the chemical potential from the variation in bispectrum oscillations as a function of co-moving momenta. Our analysis sets the stage for generalization to heavy bosons with non-zero spin.

scholarly journals The Turbulent Flow over the BARC Rectangular Cylinder: A DNS Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Chiarini ◽  
Maurizio Quadrio
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Direct Numerical Simulation ◽  
Finite Differences ◽  
Turbulence Models ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Rectangular Cylinder ◽  
Budget Equation ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
First Time

AbstractA direct numerical simulation (DNS) of the incompressible flow around a rectangular cylinder with chord-to-thickness ratio 5:1 (also known as the BARC benchmark) is presented. The work replicates the first DNS of this kind recently presented by Cimarelli et al. (J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn 174:39–495, 2018), and intends to contribute to a solid numerical benchmark, albeit at a relatively low value of the Reynolds number. The study differentiates from previous work by using an in-house finite-differences solver instead of the finite-volumes toolbox OpenFOAM, and by employing finer spatial discretization and longer temporal average. The main features of the flow are described, and quantitative differences with the existing results are highlighted. The complete set of terms appearing in the budget equation for the components of the Reynolds stress tensor is provided for the first time. The different regions of the flow where production, redistribution and dissipation of each component take place are identified, and the anisotropic and inhomogeneous nature of the flow is discussed. Such information is valuable for the verification and fine-tuning of turbulence models in this complex separating and reattaching flow.

scholarly journals DARK ENERGY, WITH SIGNATURES

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 2325-2330
Author(s):  
SOURISH DUTTA ◽  
ROBERT J. SCHERRER ◽  
STEPHEN D. H. HSU
Keyword(s):  
Dark Energy ◽  
Equation Of State ◽  
Energy Scale ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Late Time ◽  
Particle Content ◽  
Energy Field ◽  
Energy Models ◽  
New Energy

We propose a class of simple dark energy models which predict a late-time dark radiation component and a distinctive time-dependent equation of state w(z) for redshift z < 3. The dark energy field can be coupled strongly enough to standard model particles to be detected in colliders, and the model requires only modest additional particle content and little or no fine-tuning other than a new energy scale of order milli-electron volts.

scholarly journals Regulostat Inferelator: a novel network biology platform to uncover molecular devices that predetermine cellular response phenotypes

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (14) ◽  
pp. e82-e82
Author(s):  
Choong Yong Ung ◽  
Mehrab Ghanat Bari ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Jingjing Liang ◽  
Cristina Correia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Response ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Molecular Devices ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Genetic Circuits ◽  
Continuous Response ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
First Time ◽  
Phenotypic Responses

Abstract With the emergence of genome editing technologies and synthetic biology, it is now possible to engineer genetic circuits driving a cell's phenotypic response to a stressor. However, capturing a continuous response, rather than simply a binary ‘on’ or ‘off’ response, remains a bioengineering challenge. No tools currently exist to identify gene candidates responsible for predetermining and fine-tuning cell response phenotypes. To address this gap, we devised a novel Regulostat Inferelator (RSI) algorithm to decipher intrinsic molecular devices or networks that predetermine cellular phenotypic responses. The RSI algorithm is designed to extract gene expression patterns from basal transcriptomic data in order to identify ‘regulostat’ constituent gene pairs, which exhibit rheostat-like mode-of-cooperation capable of fine-tuning cellular response. Our proof-of-concept study provides computational evidence for the existence of regulostats and that these networks predetermine cellular response prior to exposure to a stressor or drug. In addition, our work, for the first time, provides evidence of context-specific, drug–regulostat interactions in predetermining drug response phenotypes in cancer cells. Given RSI-inferred regulostat networks offer insights for prioritizing gene candidates capable of rendering a resistant phenotype sensitive to a given drug, we envision that this tool will be of great value in bioengineering and medicine.

Indirect Coupling Constants in a Thallium Single Crystal

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 687-693
Author(s):  
J. Schratter ◽  
D. Llewelyn Williams
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Angular Dependence ◽  
Line Width ◽  
Orientation Dependence ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Second Moment ◽  
Indirect Coupling ◽  
First Time

We have measured the angular dependence of the line width in thallium and related it to the second moment to estimate the pseudodipolar and pseudoexchange contributions for the first two shells of neighbors. These values are very different, despite the fact that both shells have nearly the same radius, and this establishes experimentally for the first time an orientation dependence of the indirect coupling constants.

Activating stimuli induce platelet microRNA modulation and proteome reorganisation

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (07) ◽  
pp. 96-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Nassa ◽  
Maria Rosaria De Filippo ◽  
Giorgio Giurato ◽  
Maria Ravo ◽  
Francesca Rizzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Mrna Translation ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Translation Efficiency ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Platelet Proteome ◽  
Proteome Changes ◽  
First Time ◽  
Platelet Functions

SummaryPlatelets carry megakaryocyte-derived mRNAs whose translation efficiency before and during activation is not known, although this can greatly affect platelet functions, both under basal conditions and in response to physiological and pathological stimuli, such as those involved in acute coronary syndromes. Aim of the present study was to determine whether changes in microRNA (miRNA) expression occur in response to activating stimuli and whether this affects activity and composition of platelet transcriptome and proteome. Purified platelet-rich plasmas from healthy volunteers were collected and activated with ADP, collagen, or thrombin receptor activating peptide. Transcriptome analysis by RNA-Seq revealed that platelet transcriptome remained largely unaffected within the first 2 hours of stimulation. In contrast, quantitative proteomics showed that almost half of > 700 proteins quantified were modulated under the same conditions. Global miRNA analysis indicated that reorganisation of platelet proteome occurring during activation reflected changes in mature miRNA expression, which therefore, appears to be the main driver of the observed discrepancy between transcriptome and proteome changes. Platelet functions significantly affected by modulated miRNAs include, among others, the integrin/cytoskeletal, coagulation and inflammatory-immune response pathways. These results demonstrate a significant reprogramming of the platelet miRNome during activation, with consequent significant changes in platelet proteome and provide for the first time substantial evidence that fine-tuning of resident mRNA translation by miRNAs is a key event in platelet pathophysiology.

Eine 15N-NMR-untersuchung einiger trimethylstannylhydrazine / A15N-NMR study of some trimethylstannylhydrazines

1989 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 653-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Wrackmeyer ◽  
Theo Gasparis-Ebeling ◽  
Heinrich Nöth
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Lone Electron Pair ◽  
Electron Pair ◽  
Relative Magnitude ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
15N Nmr ◽  
Nmr Study ◽  
Geminal Coupling ◽  
In Cis ◽  
First Time

The trimethylstannylhydrazines (Me3Sn)2N-NMe2 (1), Me3Sn(Me)N-N(Me)SnMe3 (2), (Me3Sn)2N-N(Me)SnMe3 (3), and (M e3Sn)2N-N(Ph)SnMe3 (4) have been studied by δ15N NMR at natural abundance. A correlation between δ15N of hydrazines and δI5N of corresponding am ines (replacement of one N-atom by the CH-unit) is proposed in order to estimate δI5N values and to support the non-trivial assignment of 15N resonances of hydrazines. Geminal coupling constants 2J(119SnN 15N) have been observed for the first time. Their relative magnitude is related to the probability of the N-Sn bond being in cis-position with respect to the orientation of the lone electron pair at the 15N nucleus in the 119Sn-N-15N fragment. Treatment of 4 with phenylacetylene causes non-selective cleavage of the Sn-N bonds, leading to the trim ethylstannylhydrazines 5 and 6 which have been characterized by 119Sn and 15N NMR spectroscopy in solution

scholarly journals A composite model of quarks and bosons

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (03) ◽  
pp. 1550014
Author(s):  
J. W. Moffat
Keyword(s):  
Bound States ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Energy Scale ◽  
Composite Model ◽  
Asymptotic Freedom ◽  
Mass Hierarchy ◽  
Electroweak Symmetry ◽  
Exotic Mesons ◽  
Strong Force ◽  
Three Generations

A composite model of quarks and bosons is proposed in which a spin 1/2 isospin doublet ψ is the basic building block of quarks and bosons in the standard model. The ψ has two components v and w with charges [Formula: see text] and Q = 0, respectively, that combine to form the three generations of colored quark flavors. A strong force described by a triplet of massless gluons binds the constituents called geminis. The confining constituent non-Abelian SU(2)C field theory is called constituent dynamics with a confining energy scale Λ CD . The constituent dynamics condensate [Formula: see text] spontaneously breaks the electroweak symmetry SU(2)L×U(1)Y→U(1) EM and a triplet of Nambu–Goldstone bosons make the gauge bosons W± and Z0 massive, while retaining a massless photon. A global custodial SU(2)L×SU(2)R symmetry guarantees that the symmetry breaking in the weak interaction sector agrees with electroweak data. The non-Abelian SU(2)C color dynamics satisfies asymptotic freedom, which resolves the gauge and Higgs mass hierarchy problems and makes the model ultraviolet complete. The composite constituent dynamics model can realize a SU(3)C×SU(2)L×U(1)Y electroweak and strong interaction model that satisfies the naturalness principle. The three generations of colorless quarks α and β with charges Q = +1e and Q = 0, respectively, which are predicted to exist in the composite model can form bound states which can be identified with the spectrum of exotic mesons.

scholarly journals Hyperbolic deformation of a gauge field theory and the hierarchy problem

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (34) ◽  
pp. 1650177 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Cartas-Fuentevilla ◽  
A. Escalante-Hernandez ◽  
A. Herrera-Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Electromagnetic Coupling ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Mass Hierarchy ◽  
Symmetry Breakdown ◽  
Hybrid Parts ◽  
Gauge Hierarchy ◽  
Mass Terms ◽  
Group Flow

The problem of the gauge hierarchy is brought up in a hypercomplex scheme for a [Formula: see text] field theory; in such a scheme, a compact gauge group is deformed through a [Formula: see text]-parameter that varies along a noncompact internal direction, transverse to the [Formula: see text] compact one, and thus an additional [Formula: see text] gauge symmetry is incorporated. This transverse direction can be understood as an extra internal dimension, which will control the spontaneous symmetry breakdown, and will allow us to establish a mass hierarchy. In this mechanism, there is no brane separation to be estabilized as in the braneworld paradigm, however, a different kind of fine-tuning is needed in order to generate the wished electroweak/Planck hierarchy. By analyzing the effective self-interactions and mass terms of the theory, an interesting duality is revealed between the real and hybrid parts of the effective potential. This duality relates the weak and strong self-interaction regimes of the theory, due to the fact that both mass terms and self-coupling constants appear as one-parameter flows in [Formula: see text]. Additionally, the [Formula: see text]-deformation will establish a flow for the electromagnetic coupling that mimics the renormalization group flow for the charge in QED.

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