scholarly journals Prediction of Physicochemical Properties of SARS-CoV-2 Protein in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilanjan Roy
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Viral Proteins ◽  
Instability Index ◽  
Subunit Vaccines ◽  
Grand Average ◽  
Rapid Production ◽  
Aliphatic Index ◽  
Inactivated Vaccines

Awareness of the physicochemical properties of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is urgently required for the rapid production of live attenuated and inactivated vaccines. To develop subunit vaccines, it's also important to understand these properties for similar viral proteins. In this study, we predicted the physicochemical properties of SARS-CoV-2 protein that has been sequenced from Bangladeshi patients. Here we reported the number of amino acids, molecular weight, theoretical pI, amino acid composition, extinction coefficients, estimated half-life, instability index, aliphatic index, and grand average of hydropathicity of the SARS-CoV-2 protein in Bangladesh. As Bangladesh is consistently trying to contribute in the vaccine development process of SARS-CoV-2, we believe that this biocomputational study of physicochemical properties will give meaningful insights and will ease the way of vaccine development.

scholarly journals Platforms for Production of Protein-Based Vaccines: From Classical to Next-Generation Strategies

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1072
Author(s):  
Raquel Cid ◽  
Jorge Bolívar
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Insect Larvae ◽  
Subunit Vaccines ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Alternative Systems ◽  
Inactivated Vaccines

To date, vaccination has become one of the most effective strategies to control and reduce infectious diseases, preventing millions of deaths worldwide. The earliest vaccines were developed as live-attenuated or inactivated pathogens, and, although they still represent the most extended human vaccine types, they also face some issues, such as the potential to revert to a pathogenic form of live-attenuated formulations or the weaker immune response associated with inactivated vaccines. Advances in genetic engineering have enabled improvements in vaccine design and strategies, such as recombinant subunit vaccines, have emerged, expanding the number of diseases that can be prevented. Moreover, antigen display systems such as VLPs or those designed by nanotechnology have improved the efficacy of subunit vaccines. Platforms for the production of recombinant vaccines have also evolved from the first hosts, Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, to insect or mammalian cells. Traditional bacterial and yeast systems have been improved by engineering and new systems based on plants or insect larvae have emerged as alternative, low-cost platforms. Vaccine development is still time-consuming and costly, and alternative systems that can offer cost-effective and faster processes are demanding to address infectious diseases that still do not have a treatment and to face possible future pandemics.

Bioinformatics Analysis of Laccase (Lac1) in Pycnoporus cinnabarinus

2010 ◽  
Vol 121-122 ◽  
pp. 502-506
Author(s):  
He Li ◽  
Guo Ying Zhou ◽  
Huai Yun Zhang ◽  
Liang Guo
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Manganese Peroxidase ◽  
Bioinformatics Analysis ◽  
Instability Index ◽  
Pycnoporus Cinnabarinus ◽  
Grand Average ◽  
Glycosylation Sites ◽  
The World ◽  
Aliphatic Index

Pycnoporus cinnabarinus is a plant pathogen. It is common in many areas and is widely distributed throughout the world. Laccases of are some of the few oxidoreductases commercialized as industrial catalysts. In the present study, some characters of the amino acid sequence of P.cinnabarinus laccase (Lac1) were predicted and analyzed with the tools of bioinformatics. These results showed that the protein was composed of 20 kinds of amino acid; the theoretical pI of manganese peroxidase was 4.81 and the theoretical molecular weight of manganese peroxidase was 56292.0 Da; total number of atoms was 7806; the extinction coefficient was 58120 (280 nm). The N-terminal of the sequence considered was M (Met) and the estimated half-life was 30 hours (mammalian reticulocytes, in vitro). The instability index (II) was computed to be 34.50; this classifies the protein as stable. Aliphatic index was 82.64. Grand average of hydropathicity (GRAVY) was -0.063. There were 8 glycosylation sites, a signal peptide and conserved domains.

scholarly journals Current Progress in the Development of Zika Virus Vaccines

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1004
Author(s):  
Kehui Zhou ◽  
Chaoqun Li ◽  
Wen Shi ◽  
Xiaodan Hu ◽  
Kutty Selva Nandakumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zika Virus ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Zikv Infection ◽  
Teratogenic Effects ◽  
Subunit Vaccines ◽  
Live Attenuated Vaccines ◽  
Inactivated Vaccines

Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arbovirus first discovered in the Americas. ZIKV infection is insidious based on its mild clinical symptoms observed after infection. In Brazil, after 2015, ZIKV infection broke out on a large scale, and many infected pregnant women gave birth to babies with microcephaly. The teratogenic effects of the virus on the fetus and its effects on nerves and the immune system have attracted great attention. Currently, no specific prophylactics or therapeutics are clinically available to treat ZIKV infection. Development of a safe and effective vaccine is essential to prevent the rise of any potential pandemic. In this review, we summarize the latest research on Zika vaccine development based on different strategies, including DNA vaccines, subunit vaccines, live-attenuated vaccines, virus-vector-based vaccines, inactivated vaccines, virus-like particles (VLPs), mRNA-based vaccines, and others. We anticipate that this review will facilitate further progress toward the development of effective and safe vaccines against ZIKV infection.

Nucleic Acid-Based Vaccines Platform Against Covid-19 Pandemic

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roghayyeh Baghban ◽  
Shirin Mahmoodi
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
World Health ◽  
Subunit Vaccines ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
The World ◽  
Inactivated Vaccines ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has affected millions of people globally, in this regard, known as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). There is sufficient scientific evidence that a preventive COVID-19 vaccine is the most effective approach to combat with COVID-19 pandemic, therefore there is an essential need for safe and protective vaccines to fight it. Methods: Global efforts in developing a vaccine against COVID-19 have resulted in the development of different vaccine platforms with various safety and efficacy including live-attenuated vaccines, inactivated vaccines, subunit vaccines, and nucleic acid-based vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Nucleic acid-based vaccines consist of mRNA and DNA vaccines have shown promising results in stimulating cellular and humoral immune responses properly against COVID-19, which their rapid and easy manufacturing process compared to others have made them considerable. mRNA-based vaccines platform by Pfizer/BioNtech and Moderna companies are the first approved vaccines for emergency use against COVID-19. Results: This narrative review highlights the recent advances in developing nucleic acid-based vaccines for COVID-19. Conclusion: The fast global dissemination of the coronavirus has highlighted the urgent necessity to build an efficient vaccine to inhibit disease. Cooperative attempts throughout the world have paid to the fast and unprecedented production of vaccines. Much needs to be learned regarding SARSCoV-2 and vaccine development against it.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Animal Models and Vaccines: Current Landscape and Future Prospects

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1082
Author(s):  
Shen Wang ◽  
Ling Li ◽  
Feihu Yan ◽  
Yuwei Gao ◽  
Songtao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Subunit Vaccines ◽  
Vaccine Candidates ◽  
Messenger Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
Inactivated Vaccines ◽  
Primary Evaluation

The worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become an unprecedented challenge to global public health. With the intensification of the COVID-19 epidemic, the development of vaccines and therapeutic drugs against the etiological agent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is also widespread. To prove the effectiveness and safety of these preventive vaccines and therapeutic drugs, available animal models that faithfully recapitulate clinical hallmarks of COVID-19 are urgently needed. Currently, animal models including mice, golden hamsters, ferrets, nonhuman primates, and other susceptible animals have been involved in the study of COVID-19. Moreover, 117 vaccine candidates have entered clinical trials after the primary evaluation in animal models, of which inactivated vaccines, subunit vaccines, virus-vectored vaccines, and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccines are promising vaccine candidates. In this review, we summarize the landscape of animal models for COVID-19 vaccine evaluation and advanced vaccines with an efficacy range from about 50% to more than 95%. In addition, we point out future directions for COVID-19 animal models and vaccine development, aiming at providing valuable information and accelerating the breakthroughs confronting SARS-CoV-2.

scholarly journals Next-Generation Bioinformatics Approaches and Resources for Coronavirus Vaccine Discovery and Development—A Perspective Review

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 812
Author(s):  
Rahul Chatterjee ◽  
Mrinmoy Ghosh ◽  
Susrita Sahoo ◽  
Santwana Padhi ◽  
Namrata Misra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Viral Proteins ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Valuable Resource ◽  
Computational Tools ◽  
High Throughput Data ◽  
Antigenic Epitopes

COVID-19 is a contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). To fight this pandemic, which has caused a massive death toll around the globe, researchers are putting efforts into developing an effective vaccine against the pathogen. As genome sequencing projects for several coronavirus strains have been completed, a detailed investigation of the functions of the proteins and their 3D structures has gained increasing attention. These high throughput data are a valuable resource for accelerating the emerging field of immuno-informatics, which is primarily aimed toward the identification of potential antigenic epitopes in viral proteins that can be targeted for the development of a vaccine construct eliciting a high immune response. Bioinformatics platforms and various computational tools and databases are also essential for the identification of promising vaccine targets making the best use of genomic resources, for further experimental validation. The present review focuses on the various stages of the vaccine development process and the vaccines available for COVID-19. Additionally, recent advances in genomic platforms and publicly available bioinformatics resources in coronavirus vaccine discovery together with related immunoinformatics databases and advances in technology are discussed.

scholarly journals Immune Response to Herpes Simplex Virus Infection and Vaccine Development

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony C. Ike ◽  
Chisom J. Onu ◽  
Chukwuebuka M. Ononugbo ◽  
Eleazar E. Reward ◽  
Sophia O. Muo
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
The Body ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Subunit Vaccines ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Hsv Infections

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections are among the most common viral infections and usually last for a lifetime. The virus can potentially be controlled with vaccines since humans are the only known host. However, despite the development and trial of many vaccines, this has not yet been possible. This is normally attributed to the high latency potential of the virus. Numerous immune cells, particularly the natural killer cells and interferon gamma and pathways that are used by the body to fight HSV infections have been identified. On the other hand, the virus has developed different mechanisms, including using different microRNAs to inhibit apoptosis and autophagy to avoid clearance and aid latency induction. Both traditional and new methods of vaccine development, including the use of live attenuated vaccines, replication incompetent vaccines, subunit vaccines and recombinant DNA vaccines are now being employed to develop an effective vaccine against the virus. We conclude that this review has contributed to a better understanding of the interplay between the immune system and the virus, which is necessary for the development of an effective vaccine against HSV.

scholarly journals Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus: Immune Escape and Application of Reverse Genetics in Attenuated Live Vaccine Development

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 480
Author(s):  
Honglei Wang ◽  
Yangyang Xu ◽  
Wenhai Feng
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Reverse Genetics ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Live Vaccines ◽  
Host Immune Responses ◽  
Inactivated Vaccines

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), an RNA virus widely prevalent in pigs, results in significant economic losses worldwide. PRRSV can escape from the host immune response in several processes. Vaccines, including modified live vaccines and inactivated vaccines, are the best available countermeasures against PRRSV infection. However, challenges still exist as the vaccines are not able to induce broad protection. The reason lies in several facts, mainly the variability of PRRSV and the complexity of the interaction between PRRSV and host immune responses, and overcoming these obstacles will require more exploration. Many novel strategies have been proposed to construct more effective vaccines against this evolving and smart virus. In this review, we will describe the mechanisms of how PRRSV induces weak and delayed immune responses, the current vaccines of PRRSV, and the strategies to develop modified live vaccines using reverse genetics systems.

SARS-CoV-2: Molecular biology and therapeutic target.

Coronaviruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Pandey ◽  
Ankita Pathak ◽  
Mohammad Shahar Yar ◽  
Yuba Raj Pokharel
Keyword(s):  
Viral Genome ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Viral Proteins ◽  
Current Review ◽  
The World ◽  
Spanish Flu ◽  
Repurposed Drugs ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Economic Infrastructure ◽  
Viral Outbreak

: A century after the outbreak of the Spanish flu, the world is suffering with another pandemic on because of the coronavirus. The virus took a toll of more than millions of lives worldwide and still continues to affect the health and socio-economic infrastructure all over the world. The study explores the epidemiology, etiology and transmission of the virus and its phylogenetic relationship with SARS and MERS coronavirus responsible for 2002 and 2012 viral outbreak. Highlights about the key features of the viral genome and essential viral proteins responsible for viral life cycle, evading host immune response, and viral immunopathology with therapeutics from “Recovery” and “Solidarity” trials, are major concern of the current review. The review culminated with a discussion on different classes of front-runners vaccines and their efficacy. An overall understanding of essential viral proteins and their role in pathogenesis, repurposed drugs and vaccine development is the rationale of the present review.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document