Latihan Mental Dalam Olahraga

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rifqi Festiawan
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Attention Control ◽  
Interpersonal Relation

Latihan mental diartikan sebagai latihan yang dilakukan atlet untukmeningkatkan fungsi berpikirnya agar dapat mengendalikan tubuh dantindakannya. Pelatihan mental merupakan latihan yang dilakukan untukmemperoleh ketahanan mental, sehingga dapat mencapai prestasi yang prima dalamsetiap pertandingan. Tahapan atau fase latihan mental terbagi menjadi tiga, yaitu : 1. Tahap pendidikan, 2. Tahap akuisisi atau Perolehan, 3. Tahap Pelatihan. Keterampilan psikologis atau mental yang dapat dikembangkan melalui metodependidikan dan latihan ada empat, yaitu: goal-setting, physical relaxation,thought/attention control, dan imagery. Pada makalah ini dibahas mengenai latihanmental dalam kajian olahraga, jenis-jenis latiahan yang digunakan, penelitian yangrelevan serta beberapa teori yang mendasari latihan mental.Makalah ini menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa dari bbagai penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa latihan imagery efektif untuk meningkatkan performa,meskipun pengaruhnya bersifat tidak langsung Sehingga pelatih diharapkanmenjadi konselor yang mampu memahami karakter atlet asuhannya dan bisamemberikan bimbingan yang konstruktif untuk membangun kesiapan dan kekuatanmental. Beberapa hal yang dibutuhkan oleh atlet adalah sebagai berikut: a. Givingencouragement than criticism, b. Respect, c. Realistic gol, d. Problem solving, e.Self awareness, f. Managing stres and emotion, g. Good interpersonal relation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of psychological performance strategies of volleyball players

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 812-821
Author(s):  
Aylin Özgen Feralan ◽  
Serkan İbiş ◽  
Bülent Okan Micoogullari
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Full Text ◽  
English Summary ◽  
Attention Control ◽  
Psychological Performance ◽  
Self Talk ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
Study Performance ◽  
Performance Strategies

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the performance strategies of volleyball players and also comparison of usage levels of strategies in training and competitions. Method: Total 134 voluntary amateur volleyball players between the ages of 15-24 participated in the study. Performance strategies of volleyball players were determined with Test of Performance Strategies that designed by Thomas et al., (1999). To examine the performance strategies of volleyball players and also comparison of usage levels of strategies in training and competitions Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) programme was employed. To define possible differences between variables Independent samples t test was used.     Findings: Practice scale’s highly used strategy was self-talk and the lowest usage percentage was attention control. Meanwhile, competition scale results indicated that the highest used strategy was activation and lowest used strategy was relaxation. While comparison of differences between practice and competition scales strategies, it was found that except of goal setting and imagery all other strategies showed significant differences. Conclusions: Psychological performance strategies’ averages of volleyball players were ensured and it is exhibited that to which strategies should be thought and focused. ​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.​​ Özet Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, voleybolcuların kullandıkları psikolojik performans stratejilerinin incelenmesi ve antrenmanlarda ve müsabakalarda kullanılan stratejilerin kullanım düzeylerinin karşılaştırılmasıdır. Metod: Çalışmaya 15-24 yaş arasında 134 gönüllü voleybolcu katılmıştır. Sporcuların kullandıkları psikolojik performans stratejilerini ve bu stratejilerin düzeylerini belirlemek üzere Thomas ve ark. (1999) tasarladığı Psikolojik Performans Stratejileri testi kullanılmıştır. İstatistiki analizlerin yapılması amacıyla Sosyal Bilimler için İstatistik programı kullanılmıştır. Olası farklılıkların tespiti için Bağımsız Örneklem t testi kullanılmıştır.     Bulgular: Antrenman alt ölçeğinde kullanılan stratejiler arasında en yüksek ortalama kendinle konuşma becerisi; en az kullanılan ise dikkat kontrolü saptanmıştır.  Müsabaka alt ölçeğinde ise en fazla kullanılan strateji olarak da aktivasyon becerisi; en düşük düzeyde kullanılan beceri stratejisi de rahatlama olarak bulunmuştur. Kullanılan becerilerin karşılaştırılması sonucunda hedef belirleme ve imgeleme becerileri dışındaki tüm becerilerde anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Voleybolcuların psikolojik becerileri kullanım düzeyleri ve ne tür becerilerin daha fazla oranda çalıştırılması gerektiği ortaya koyulmuştur.

scholarly journals The Cognitive Underpinnings of Multiply-Constrained Problem Solving

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Ellis ◽  
Gene Arnold Brewer ◽  
Matthew Kyle Robison
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Attention Control ◽  
Crystallized Intelligence ◽  
Constrained Problems ◽  
Constrained Problem ◽  
Analytical Strategies ◽  
Fluid And Crystallized Intelligence

An individual encounters problem of varying difficulty every day. Each problem may include a different number of constraints. Multiply-constrained problems, such as the compound remote associates, are commonly used to study problem solving. Since their development, multiply-constrained problems have been related to creativity and insight. Moreover, research has investigated the cognitive abilities underlying problem solving abilities. In the present study we sought to fully evaluate a range of cognitive abilities (i.e., working memory, attention control, episodic and semantic memory, and fluid and crystallized intelligence) previously associated with multiply-constrained problem solving. Additionally, we sought to determine whether problem solving ability and strategies (analytical or insightful) were task specific or domain general through the use of novel problem solving tasks (TriBond and Location Bond). Multiply-constrained problem solving abilities were shown to be domain general, solutions derived through insightful strategies were more often correct than those derived through analytical strategies, and crystallized intelligence was the only cognitive ability that provided unique predictive value after accounting for all other abilities.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Leadership Skills Development Program for University Students / Üniversite Öğrencilerine Yönelik Liderlik Becerileri Geliştirme Programının Etkililiği

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramazan Cansoy
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Leadership Skills ◽  
Emotional Awareness ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Skills Group ◽  
Skills Education

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a leadership skills education program for higher education students. In this program, education was provided to improve the desire for struggle and goal setting, communication skills, group skills, problem-solving skills, decision-making skills, responsibility awareness, trusting and trustworthiness awareness, leadership awareness and emotional awareness within the framework of leadership skills. The study group of the research consists of final-year students with the average age of 23.8 years studying at the Faculty of Economics of Karabük University in the 2016-2017 academic year.  The data of the study were collected with the “Youth leadership characteristics scale”, “Emotional self-awareness scale” and “Awareness of leader and leadership scale”.  The retrospective pretest-posttest experimental model was used in the study.  The differentiation levels of the pretest and posttest scores of the students included in the education program were examined with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. It was observed at the end of the study that the desire for struggle and goal setting, communication skills, group skills, problem-solving skills, decision-making skills, responsibility awareness, trusting and trustworthiness awareness, leadership awareness and emotional awareness levels of the students who participated in the education program significantly increased from a moderately sufficient level to a quite sufficient level. It was indicated that the applied leadership skills education program was effective.</p><p><strong>Öz</strong></p><p>Bu araştırmanın amacı, yükseköğretim öğrencilerine dönük olarak geliştirilen bir liderlik becerileri eğitimi programının etkililiğinin incelenmesidir. Bu programda liderlik becerileri çerçevesinde mücadele isteği ve hedef koyma, iletişim becerileri, grup becerileri, problem çözme becerileri, karar verme becerileri, sorumluluk farkındalığı, güven duyma ve güvenilir olma farkındalığı, liderlik farkındalığı ve duygusal farkındalığı geliştirmeye yönelik bir eğitim verilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2016-2017 yılında Karabük Üniversitesi’ndeki ortalama yaşı 23.8 olan iktisat fakültesi son sınıf öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri “Gençlik Liderlik Özellikleri Ölçeği”, “Duygusal Benlik Bilinci Ölçeği” ve “Lider ve Liderlik Hakkinda Farkindalik Ölçeği” ile toplanmıştır. Çalışmada geçmişe dayalı öntest-son test deneysel modeli kullanılmıştır.  Eğitim programında yer alan öğrencilerin öntest ve sontest puanlarının farklılaşma düzeyleri Wilcoxon işaretli sıralar testi ile sınanmıştır. Araştırma sonunda eğitim programına katılan öğrencilerde mücadele isteği ve hedef koyma, iletişim becerileri, grup becerileri, problem çözme becerileri, karar verme becerileri, sorumluluk farkındalığı, güven duyma ve güvenilir olma farkındalığı, liderlik farkındalığı ve duygusal farkındalık düzeylerinin orta derecede yeterli düzeyden   oldukça yeterli düzeye  anlamlı bir şekilde yükseldiği görülmüştür. Uygulanan liderlik becerileri eğitimi programının etkili olduğu ortaya konulmuştur.</p>

Feasibility and acceptability of a telephone and web-based stroke caregiver intervention: a pilot randomized controlled trial of the RESCUE intervention

2020 ◽  
pp. 026921552095700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer H LeLaurin ◽  
I Magaly Freytes ◽  
Kimberly E Findley ◽  
Magda K Schmitzberger ◽  
Nathaniel D Eliazar-Macke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Attention Control ◽  
Active Listening ◽  
Veterans Health ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Objective: Assess the feasibility and acceptability of an Internet and telephone support and problem-solving intervention for stroke caregivers. Design: Randomized controlled pilot trial with four arms: four-week intervention ( n = 13), eight-week intervention ( n = 13), eight-week attention control ( n = 13), and standard care ( n = 14). Setting: Southeastern U.S. Veterans Health System. Participants: Informal caregivers of Veterans who suffered a stroke in the preceding 2.5 years were enrolled over an 18-month period. Interventions: Intervention participants received RESCUE, a support and problem-solving intervention delivered via telephone and Internet by registered nurses. Attention control participants received active listening with no advice delivered by nurses via telephone. Main Measures: Feasibility of a larger trial was assessed via recruitment and retention. Acceptability was assessed using an adapted enactment tool and qualitative interviews. Changes in caregiver depressive symptoms and burden were measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and Zarit Burden Interview. The study was not powered for significance testing. Results: Of 340 eligible caregivers, 53 (16%) agreed to participate. Among those enrolled, 51 (96%) completed the study. Caregiver mean age was 60.3 (10.1), 49 (93%) were female and 36 (68%) were white. At baseline, 21 (39%) caregivers had high risk of depression and 18 (33%) had significant burden. Acceptability and enactment tool findings indicated positive participant responses to the intervention. Most rated the amount of sessions the “right amount”. Qualitative analysis revealed the intervention was valued by and acceptable to caregivers. Conclusions: Findings indicate the RESCUE intervention is feasible and acceptable to caregivers and warrants further testing.

scholarly journals Using Objectives and Key Results (OKRs) and Slack: A Case Study of Coordination in Large-Scale Distributed Agile

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoria Stray ◽  
Nils Brede Moe ◽  
Henrik Vedal ◽  
Marthe Berntzen
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Relational Coordination ◽  
Software Projects ◽  
Coordination Theory ◽  
Working From Home

Today, many large-scale software projects have members working from home, which has changed the way teams coordinate work. To better understand coordination in this setting, we conducted a case study through which we examined two teams in a large-scale agile project by observing meetings and conducting 17 interviews. Through the lens of Relational Coordination Theory (RCT), we analyzed the use of the goal-setting framework Objectives and Key Results (OKRs) and the collaboration tool Slack. Slack was used for frequent, timely, and problem-solving communication and, and its use decreased the number of planned meetings. However, discussions often started on Slack and continued in virtual ad-hoc meetings. The use of OKRs facilitated knowledge sharing, helped the teams align their goals, and provided inter-team insights. The main implication of our research is that projects using OKRs need to support project members, especially in formulating the key results that align and motivate the teams to work toward the same mission.

scholarly journals PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL TERHADAP PERILAKU KERJA KARYAWAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Vinona Vamalya Rahayu ◽  
Harmon Chaniago
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Employee Behavior ◽  
Transformational Leadership Style ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Descriptive Method

Manage the human resources that are owned by the company. Quality leadership is often regarded as one of the important factors in the success or failure of the enterprise. Leadership style is often done at the company leader is transformational leadership style. Leaders with transformational leadership giving effect to the subordinates to include her participation in goal setting, problem-solving, decision making, and provide feedback. Leadership style leader can influence the behavior of its employee's work. This study aims to determine how the transformational leadership style, employee behavior and the effect of transformational leadership style on the behavior of employees at Suzuki Dealer Restu Mahkota Karya Cibadak. The method used in this research is a descriptive method, while the data collection techniques are to do interviews and distributing questionnaires to 102 respondents who were determined by non-probability sampling. Based on the research that has been done, regression equation Y = 0.874 + 0,807X. The study states that the transformational leadership style and behavior of existing employees at the Suzuki Dealer Cibadak Restu Mahkota Karya has a positive correlation of 0.807 and transformational leadership style influence the behavior of the employee as much as 65%.

Effects of self goal setting on insight problem solving

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachiko Kiyokawa ◽  
Katsuyuki Hayashi ◽  
Toshihiko Matsuka
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Insight Problem ◽  
Insight Problem Solving

Creative Accelerated Problem Solving (CAPS) for Advancing Business Performance

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-109
Author(s):  
Cookie M. Govender
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Business Intelligence ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Accelerated Learning ◽  
Global Marketplace ◽  
Speed Reading ◽  
Creative Problem ◽  
Mind Maps

Businesses are automated, complex, unpredictable, operating in a global marketplace with limited collective creative problem-solving intelligence for advancing performance. This chapter explores how business advance and succeed, by maximising individual creativity and problem-solving abilities. Literature reviewed in the last two decades revealed the latest evolving business trends, allowing for compared human versus automation performance, compared ROI and risk of innovative business factors, compared business beneficiary intelligence to consciousness levels, and correlated co-creative intelligence elements of psychomotor, cognitive and affective intelligences to engagement, awareness, and changed behaviour skills. A CAPS model is a management cascaded solution for co-creating business intelligence by enhancing individual creativity using these 15 elements: consciousness, know yourself, brain knowledge, imagination, problem solving, creative thinking, speed reading, mind maps, mind management, memory skills, responsibility, goal setting, stress, success, and accelerated learning.

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