scholarly journals EXEMPLARY PENGEMBANGAN PENDIDIKAN IMAN BAGI ANAK DALAM KELUARGA DAN PEMBELAJARAN AGAMA DI SEKOLAH

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friska pasarrin
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Important Group ◽  
The Bible ◽  
God's People ◽  
The Family ◽  
Very High ◽  
Sacred History

Education The faith of children in the family is of very high quality, starting with religion begins to appear in human life. Faith education for children in the family stem from the fellowship of God’s people in the Bible, especially in the old Testament. So basically it is already contained in ancient sacred history. Let children be taught, starting from the formation of the child’s mindset, because children are an important group in the Christian church.

SACRED HISTORY AND POLITICAL THOUGHT: NEAPOLITAN RESPONSES TO THE PROBLEM OF SOCIABILITY AFTER HOBBES

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN ROBERTSON
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
Natural Law ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Near East ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Giambattista Vico ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Critical Scholarship ◽  
Sacred History

ABSTRACTFrom the mid-seventeenth century, the problem of human sociability, long a staple of natural jurisprudence, became even more central to political thought. Faced with Hobbes's insistence on man's natural unsociability, Protestant thinkers continued to treat the question from within natural law. For reasons we do not yet understand, however, Catholic thinkers did not. Instead, it is argued here, they turned to sacred history, and in particular to the Old Testament, as the earliest record of the formation of human societies, Hebrew and gentile. The materials for this enquiry were provided by new critical scholarship on the Bible and the peoples of the ancient Near East. Despite the hostility of the authorities in Rome to its findings, this scholarship was widely available in the Catholic world, notably so in contemporary Naples. Two of the most remarkable applications of sacred history to the problem of sociability were by the Neapolitans Pietro Giannone, in his ‘Triregno’ (1731–3), and Giambattista Vico, in the Scienza nuova (1725–44). These works explored the ways in which family relations, religious practices, and war enabled the ancient Hebrews and their gentile neighbours to form and maintain societies, notwithstanding the unsocial tendency of human passions.

Creation

2019 ◽  
pp. 511-524
Author(s):  
Paul M. Blowers
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
Jesus Christ ◽  
Wisdom Literature ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Many ◽  
Sacred History

Early Christian interpretation of Scripture on the theme of creation not surprisingly gave considerable attention to the Genesis account of the origins of the world, in part to counter the claims of Graeco-Roman cosmology, but more importantly to expound the latent theological meaning of the many details of the biblical cosmogony. But patristic exegetes were also keen on the fact that ‘creation’ in the Bible implied far more than beginnings; indeed, it designated the whole economy (oikonomia) of the Creator’s ongoing relation to the creation as set forth in sacred history and as requiring the further interpretative lenses of Christology, soteriology, and eschatology. Early Christian interpreters plumbed a wide variety of Old Testament texts beyond Genesis (especially the Psalms, Deutero-Isaiah, and the Wisdom literature). In their New Testament commentary they focused on such motifs as the subjection of creation to ‘vanity’, the work of Jesus Christ in recapitulating God’s creative purposes, and the eschatological renewal and transformation of the created universe in its relation to human salvation.

JOB: (Considered as a Contribution to Hebrew Theology)

1956 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Knight
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Book Of Job ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Lower Plane

It is surely in the Book of Job that the religion of the Old Testament finds its most intense and concentrated expression. For the great theme of this book is something which lies at the root of the religious life of humanity, namely, the inescapable character of man's relation to God. Its real subject is the impossibility of eluding this numinous connexion with the ultimate religious and metaphysical ground of life. Job is like some creature caught in the toils. He comes before us as the victim of the dimension of eternity in which human life stands. He knows in his innermost soul that his suffering is ‘sent’ by the living God. He feels hunted and pursued by this mysterious divine Potentate whose character and designs are inscrutable to the petty mind of man and ever baffle ‘the foiled searching of mortality’. In the apparent impossibility of finding relief from this torture of body and spirit, or a harmonious consummation of life, he longs to cut himself adrift from the metaphysical foundations of his being and to find a momentary peace upon a lower plane. One of the key-points of Job's thought, and of the Bible as a whole, is that of the supreme significance of man in God's providential purposes, the high worth with which he becomes endowed as a result of the cherishing care of his Creator. In the stress of his suffering, Job would fain elude the burdensomeness and the costingness of this uplifting relation with the divine which redeems man from final insignificance.

scholarly journals Концепція Божого синівства (παῖδα κυρίου): лінгвістичний аналіз Муд 2:13б

2020 ◽  
pp. 176-185
Author(s):  
Halyna Teslyuk
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Religious Tradition ◽  
Son Of God ◽  
The Bible ◽  
God's People ◽  
Privileged Status ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Jewish Youth ◽  
Theological Thought ◽  
Unique Relationship

This article discusses the concept of divine sonship (παῖδα κυρίου) in the Book of Wisdom, chapter 2, verse 13b from the linguistic, literary,and theological perspectives. In this verse, the Bible author uses the phrase “a child/son of God” to express the unique relationship a righteous person has with God and demonstrate the consciousness of belonging to the Lord by the Jewish populace in diaspora. The aim of this paper is to explore how the author, by describing the pivotal feature of the life of the righteous in Wis 2:13b, uses the Greek terminology of his time as a means to teach about the faith. Lexical-syntactical, historical-cultural, and theological analyses are used to interpret the concept of the divine sonship in the Book of Wisdom. The patrimony of the Old Testament is taken into consideration as well. The Book of Wisdom written by a Jewish author in Egyptian Alexandria between 30 BCE – 14 CE reflects biblical theological thought, yet Pseudo-Solomon uses the terminology relevant to a Hellenistic milieu where he lives. The author teaches a younger Jewish generation in diaspora about their own religious tradition. The Jewish youth born in diaspora was more interested in contemporary philosophical/cultural trends than in the tradition of the ancestors. To attract them, the religious mentors present the topic using the conceptual terminology of the time. The concept of the divine sonship articulates the idea of a privileged status of the Jews and at the same time a responsibility that this status requires. This privileged status is traced back to the Exodus story when Israel was chosen as God’s people. As the book was written in diaspora, it also reflects the challenges the Jewish community was facing at that time. It was vital for the older generation to teach the younger generation about their ancestors and their beliefs. At the same time, the Hellenistic settings required Pseudo-Solomon to write in language that the audience spoke and to use the terminology that would yield meaning. The father-son image helps to identify the close relationship between the God and his people, mutual responsibility, and affection.

3. The making of the Bible

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-41
Author(s):  
John Riches
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
Hebrew Bible ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Greek Version ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Christian Community ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Jewish Scriptures ◽  
The Church

‘The making of the Bible’ discusses the process whereby different books came to be included in the various Bibles (a term first used by the Churches) which are now accepted as authoritative (canonical) by various religious communities, Jewish and Christian. This process is often referred to as the canonization of scripture. It is important to look first at the formation of the Hebrew Bible and its Greek version, the Septuagint. While the Septuagint started life as a translation for Jews living in the Diaspora, it was subsequently taken up by the Christian community as the medium through which the Old Testament was known in the Church. The language of the Septuagint also influenced many of the writers of the Christian New Testament. The authoritative writings of the Christian Church were in the first instance largely identical with the Jewish scriptures. It is valuable to consider the process whereby Christian writings, principally letters and gospels, were collected and recognized as authoritative alongside other Jewish writings.

scholarly journals Kobieta i jej rola w historii zbawienia według Klemensa Aleksandryjskiego

Vox Patrum ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 25-38
Author(s):  
Stanisław Łucarz
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Clement Of Alexandria ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

The article focuses on the notion of femaleness and its role in the history of salvation in the works of Clement of Alexandria. Although these are not the central themes of his considerations, he reflects on this subject against the back­ground of his magnificent vision of the incarnation of the divine Logos. The be­getting or generating of Logos by Father is the first stage of the incarnation, which is followed by the next stages: the creation of the world and of human beings, the revelation in the Old Testament and – although not directly – in the Greek philosophy. The last stage is the incarnation in Jesus Christ. All this leads towards the divinization and the unity in God. Femaleness in Clement’s work should be considered as a part of cosmic dimensions. For him, men and women are substan­tially – i.e. on the level of their souls – equal, hence in the spiritual and intellectual dimension both sexes are vested with identical dignity and enjoy equal rights. The differences between sexes are located in the body and affect various aspects of human life, mostly biological and reproductive ones, not to mention the family, community and religious reality. In practice, it is the woman who is subordinated to man due to the fact, as Clement holds, that the female body is weaker than the male one, more subjugated to passivity, less perfect and more susceptible to pas­sions. For that reason, on the way to salvation, it is the man who is the head of the woman. However, it is not an absolute subjection. If the woman goes on the way to salvation (a Christian woman), and the man does not, the Lord is the head of the woman (the divine Logos, whom she follows). All these differences resulting from the possession of a body are eliminated in eschatology, in which will be the total equality. On that way to the eschatological fulfillment, the divine Logos is indispensable. He incarnates himself and comes to the world through a woman. He chooses what is weaker in order to reveal His power. This way it is a woman, and not a man, who first experiences His divinizing closeness and action.

scholarly journals Konsistensi Konsep Keselamatan adalah Anugerah dalam Masa Intertestamental

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Agustin Soewitomo Putri
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The People ◽  
God's People ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Power Of God

The period between the Old Testament and the New Testament is often referred to as the intertestamental period which is approximately 400 years apart, during which time no prophet appears to be the successor of God's voice. Ended by the prophet Malachi and the book of Chronicles the Bible does not give any record. This certainly raises so many questions as to what happened in that dark age, whether God really did not do anything among God's people, especially the Israelites, while at that time the Israelites had repeatedly experienced good colonization from Persian, Greek or Roman. By using descriptive methods and historical analysis, this discussion will provide an insight into God's faithfulness to His covenant to the people, and how the concept of salvation has not changed even though in the 400 years that God did not speak to His people. Understanding the consistency of the concept of salvation is a gift in intertestamental times will open a new understanding of the power of God in keeping the covenants and His Word.AbstractMasa antara Perjanjian Lama dengan Perjanjian Baru seringkali disebut dengan masa intertesta-men yang berjarak lebih kurang 400 tahun, di mana sepanjang masa tersebut tidak ada nabi yang muncul menjadi penerus suara dari Tuhan. Diakhiri oleh Nabi Maleakhi dan kitab Tawarikh maka Alkitab tidak memberikan catatan apa pun. Hal tersebut tentu memunculkan begitu banyak pertanyaan dengan apa yang terjadi dalam masa kegelapan tersebut, apakah memang Allah betul-betul tidak berbuat sesuatu apapun di tengah-tengah umat Tuhan, khususnya bangsa Israel, sementara pada masa tersebut bangsa Israel berkali-kali mengalami penjajahan baik dari Persia, Yunani ataupun Romawi. Dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif dan analisis historis, pemba-hasan ini akan memberikan pandangan tentang kesetiaan Allah dengan perjanjianNya kepada umat, serta bagaimana konsep keselamatan itu tidak mengalami pergeseran sekalipun dalam keadaan 400 tahun Tuhan tidak berbicara kepada umatNya. Memahami konsistensi konsep keselamatan adalah anugerah dalam masa intertestamental akan membukakan pemahaman baru tentang kekuatan Allah dalam memelihara perjanjian dan FirmanNya.

scholarly journals STUDY THE IMAGE OF DEATH IN THE QUR'AN AND COVENANTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
Salimeh Najafi ◽  
Mohammadreza Hajiesmaeili ◽  
Mahdi Motia
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Evolutionary Stage ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Descriptive Method

Purpose of the study: The phenomenon of death and its attitude is one of the basic issues in human life. The question that has always occupied the human mind in this regard is: What is death? What does he do to a man in the end? Methodology: And how do the heavenly books that have the most knowledge of man portray this phenomenon to the audience of their time? In this article, we try to use the analytical-descriptive method and unbalanced comparison, while examining the verses of death in the Bible and then comparing them with the Qur'an, to state that although the books of the Old and New Testaments have been distorted over time. Results: They may have disagreements with the Qur'an on this subject, but ultimately state that death is a phenomenon in the powerful iodine of the incomparable Creator, which has never been the destruction of man, but an evolutionary stage of human life. The presence of death in human life depends on human actions and behavior. By comparative study in these books, it seems that: Death in the verses of the Old Testament in various meanings such as: death and destruction, sleep and separation of the body used in While in the books of the New Testament, attention to the meanings after death has been given more attention and has been expressed with interpretations such as the day of separation, auditing, and arbitration, while from the perspective of the Qur'an, And life is again for the human soul. Applications of this study: This thesis can have many applications for example in universities that teach theology, philosophy of religion, and mysticism. These fields can use the results of this study in their researches. Moreover, those who interest in religious studies can use it. The novelty of the study: This study reveals the clear relation between divine religions as Islam, Judaism, and Christianly.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Economic Wealth of God’s People from Nomadic to Post Exilic Era

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Halim Wiryadinata
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
People Of God ◽  
Economic Wealth ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The People ◽  
God's People ◽  
Promise Land ◽  
Wrath Of God

The terminology of the economic wealth is not actually related to the poor in terms of poverty and wealth in the Bible. The terminology of wealth and poverty is not a matter of relationship to the business or economy, but they are rather to have relationships to seek the righteousness of God. Thus, one should clarify the meaning of wealth and poverty in order to seek the real meaning of the Old Testament theology. The eras of Nomadic to Post Exilic give the idea of how God dealt with the people of God in term of sinful nature. It is not the matter of the economic situation, but it is blessedness for the people who seek Him with all their heart. Nomadic era gives an idea of how God gives the promise land to the people of Israel as long as they can keep the covenant. However, throughout the history the Israelites never entered into the promise land, except Caleb and Joshua. The picture of Babylonia is the wrath of God to the people of Israel who never listen to the command of God. In conclusion, seeking God with full heart will find ‘rest’ forever and keep the promise forever more. Keeping the righteousness of God will bring justice to the poor and let the poverty be away from the poor.

scholarly journals Inklusivisme en eksklusivisme: ‘n Studie van twee tendense

2009 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pieter M. Venter
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
Second Temple ◽  
The Other ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Unique Character ◽  
The World ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
The Church

Inclusivism and exclusivism: A study of two trendsThe identity of the church can be either inclusivist or exclusivist. Van Ruler’s theocratic theology views the church as being an inclusive community in service of God’s kingdom. It is the vehicle God uses to introduce his kingdom into the world. According to Van Ruler, however, the church also shows a unique character based on its relationship with Jesus Christ. Although the church can take many forms, Van Ruler’s opinion is that the Christian Church could be advised by Old Testament Israel in this regard. This study shows that both inclusivist and exclusivist trends are present in the Old as well as the New Testament. The New Testament inherited the debate between these two opposing stances from the time of the Second Temple. Returning from exile, Sadocitic priests propagated an exclusivist identity for the Judaeans. Their viewpoint was based on the programme of Ezekiel 40–48, as is illustrated in the literature of Ezra–Nehemiah, the Priestly Writing, Chronicles and Jubilees. On the other hand, indeed there was an inclusivist approach as well, as is depicted in the books of Jonah, Ruth, Trito-Isaiah and even Numbers and Joshua. The conclusion drawn from the study is that both exclusivist and inclusivist trends are present in the Bible. Although the church does not have any other option in the present postmodern world but to be primarily an inclusive community, it should also show some form of exclusivism.

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