CircRNAs have the potential to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of lipid diseases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moataz Dowaidar
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Tool ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Lipid Disorder ◽  
Lipid Disorders ◽  
Dosage Requirement ◽  
Exciting Potential ◽  
Low Dosage

CircRNAs have the potential to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of lipid diseases, and further study and development is needed in the future. Further advancements, for example, are required in disease-oriented critical circRNA screening technology, which can analyze differentially expressed circRNAs in different tissues and screen out the key circRNAs, providing valuable biomarkers for diagnosis or targets to treat lipid disorder diseases. We need to figure out how to modulate circRNA expression upstream, such as biogenesis and decay, or how to directly upregulate or downregulate certain circRNA expression, setting the framework for clinical intervention in certain critical circRNA in the etiology of certain lipid disorders illness. Understanding the principles governing circRNAsponging mciroRNAs is critical because it will aid in the development of new nucleic acid treatments for lipid diseases.Engineered circRNA with bulged miRNA binding sites effectively sponged the miRNA132/212 family and attenuated myocardial hypertrophy with a low dosage requirement, extended half-lives, high efficiency, and stability when compared to the antagomir, suggesting that it has exciting potential as a novel therapeutic tool. These studies will pave the way for circRNAs to be employed as diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets for lipid diseases in the clinic.

scholarly journals The Bacterial Enzyme Cas13 Interferes with Neurite Outgrowth from Cultured Cortical Neurons

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 262
Author(s):  
Qin-Wei Wu ◽  
Josef P. Kapfhammer
Keyword(s):  
Rna Editing ◽  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Cultured Neurons ◽  
Therapeutic Tool ◽  
Bacterial Enzyme ◽  
Rna Targeting ◽  
Cultured Cortical Neurons ◽  
New Generation

The CRISPR-Cas13 system based on a bacterial enzyme has been explored as a powerful new method for RNA manipulation. Due to the high efficiency and specificity of RNA editing/interference achieved by this system, it is currently being developed as a new therapeutic tool for the treatment of neurological and other diseases. However, the safety of this new generation of RNA therapies is still unclear. In this study, we constructed a vector expressing CRISPR-Cas13 under a constitutive neuron-specific promoter. CRISPR-Cas13 from Leptotrichia wadei was expressed in primary cultures of mouse cortical neurons. We found that the presence of CRISPR-Cas13 impedes the development of cultured neurons. These results show a neurotoxic action of Cas13 and call for more studies to test for and possibly mitigate the toxic effects of Cas13 enzymes in order to improve CRISPR-Cas13-based tools for RNA targeting.

An enzyme cascade fluorescence-based assay for quantification of phenylalanine in serum

The Analyst ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leilei Meng ◽  
Rui Hu ◽  
Jinping Chen ◽  
Tianjun Yu ◽  
Xiaopin Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Enzyme Cascade

Quantification of phenylalanine in clinic samples is essential to diagnosis and treatment of phenylketonuria in neonates. In this report, an enzyme cascade strategy was proposed and a high efficiency fluorescence...

MicroRNAs: New non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic method for cancer treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Tamadir Aledani ◽  
Kassim Abdulkareem
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Messenger Rnas ◽  
Multiple Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Tumor Suppressive Mirnas ◽  
Exciting Possibility

Background: Cancer is a global health problem and the main cause of mortality. Most cancerassociated cases of mortality are the consequences of lack of effective treatment and biomarkers for early diagnosis. New hopes for the improvement of the early diagnosis and treatment of cancer synchronize with the emergence of microRNAs (miRNAs). MicroRNAs are small, noncoding, single-stranded RNAs, the length of which is approximately 18–25 nucleotides and which bind to 3’ untranslated region (3’UTR) of the target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), leading to mRNA degradation or translational inhibition; thereby regulating gene expression posttranscriptionally. Aim: Using microRNAs as promising and potential biomarkers for diagnosis and therapeutic targets. Methods: The microRNA expression changes in peripheral blood and can be assayed using non-invasive, low-cost, precise, and rapid tools. Results: It is noteworthy that miRNAs participate in multiple cancer-related biological processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, drug resistance, invasion, and metastasis. Interestingly, the identified cancer-associated miRNAs, including over-expressed oncogenic miRNAs (oncomiRs) or underexpressed tumor-suppressive miRNAs, are diverse and specific for different tissues and cancer types. Conclusion: The genetic testing of microRNAs opens up the exciting possibility of early diagnosis and treatment before the onset of metastasis. Keywords: microRNAs, gene silencing, circulating biomarkers, cancer diagnosis, anticancer therapy, miRNAs detection.

Application of Graphene and its Derivatives in Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment

Drug Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 681-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ghanbarzadeh ◽  
H. Hamishehkar
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Targeted Drug Delivery ◽  
High Selectivity ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽  
Small Molecule Drugs

AbstractAlthough chemotherapies are successful in some cases, systemic toxicity could be simultaneously observed due to the lack of drugs selectivity to cancerous tissues, leading to the failure of the chemotherapies. Furthermore, the therapeutic effects will be significantly improved if the anticancer drugs could be delivered to cancer cells with high selectivity. In recent years, there have been many advances in the field of diagnosis and treatment of cancer as a result of the development of novel materials with noticeable and often unique properties. Nanoparticles have unique biological properties, owing to their small size and large surface area-to-volume ratio, which allow them to bind, absorb, and carry compounds such as small molecule drugs, DNA, RNA, proteins, and probes with high efficiency. In the course of the last decade, Graphene and its derivatives have attracted growing interest in medicinal and pharmaceutical sciences, and many studies have focused on the potential of Graphene and its derivatives as carriers for targeted drug delivery intended for cancer diagnosis and therapies. In the present study, we will review the characteistics and application of Graphene and its different derivatives and finally discuss the opportunities, limitations, and challenges in this encouraging field.

Evaluation of the Efficacy and Performance of a New Nano-Drug Carrier in the Treatment of Recurrent Oral Ulcerper

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 1107-1117
Author(s):  
Yuqi He ◽  
Zhiqiang Xu ◽  
Zhuwen Qiu ◽  
Dechun Zheng ◽  
Liting Xie
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Hydrophobic Core ◽  
Polymer Micelle ◽  
Oral Ulcers

Recurrent oral ulcer is a common oral mucosal disease. Due to its periodic and recurrent characteristics, the onset of burning pain is unbearable, which brings great inconvenience to the patient’s life and seriously affects the patient’s quality of life. There are certain limitations to conventional drug therapy. With the rapid development of nanotechnology, the obvious advantages of nanotechnology such as targeting, controlled release, biocompatibility is obviously shown. The combination of nanotechnology and medical research has led to the emergence of polymer nanoparticles and ligands. Nano-drugs for gene therapy, and many other new nano-drug carriers, polymer micelle is a new type of nano drug carrier that has appeared in recent years. It has both a hydrophilic shell and a hydrophobic core, and has a variety of excellent properties, such as higher stability in vivo and in vitro, and poorly soluble drugs. In this paper, a new method for treating recurrent oral ulcers based on a new nano-drug carrier was studied. Because of the hydrophilicity and biocompatibility of oral cell surface proteins, the research progress of nanopharmaceutical carrier in the treatment of recurrent oral ulcers is reviewed. The experimental results show that the method has good reproducibility and high efficiency in the treatment of recurrent oral ulcers. It is used to explore the application and progress of nanotechnology in the diagnosis and treatment of recurrent oral ulcers, and to provide new ideas for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of recurrent oral ulcers. This new technical method has wide practical application value.

scholarly journals Traumatic Diaphragmatic Hernia: Management and Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Sweety kumari ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Blunt Trauma ◽  
Diaphragmatic Hernia ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Tool ◽  
Penetrating Injuries ◽  
Traumatic Diaphragmatic Hernia ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Suspicion Index

Traumatic diaphragmatic injury (TDI) is a fairly uncommon with incidence of 0.8 and 1.6 %, commonest fallowing blunt trauma abdomen. Right-side have higher mortality rate compared to left side and penetrating injuries. It present as occult to obvious. Laparoscopy offers diagnostic and therapeutic tool of care. Lack of awareness of the condition may delay in diagnosis, results life threatening complications. Missed hernia is a known complication of blunt trauma as acute diagnosis can be difficult to ascertain. An early diagnosis and treatment lead to better outcome. In present study CECT revealed acute diaphragmatic hernia, bilateral pleural effusion and hair line fracture of right tibia on skiagram limb. Because of uncertainty in diagnosis of acute diaphragmatic hernia or rupture surgeons faces challenges for the management, high suspicion index required to diagnose the cases. An early diagnosis and treatment lead to better outcome

Triglyceride and High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol: Predicting Disorders in Parents From Their Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 824-831
Author(s):  
Sheldon M. Polonsky ◽  
Loretta A. Simbartl ◽  
Dennis L. Sprecher
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Disorder ◽  
Lipid Disorders ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Low Hdl

Objective. To determine whether lipid disorders can be predicted in parents after such disorders are identified initially in their children. Although this relation has been well determined for children with high cholesterol or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), it has not been as well described for disorders involving triglycerides (TG) or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), or their interaction with LDL-C. Methods. Serum lipid values were obtained from 232 families in the comparison population of a large genetics study. Subjects were classified into four groups based on their lipid status: 1) isolated LDL-C disorder, defined by a high LDL-C level and normal TG and HDL-C levels; 2) isolated TG/HDL-C disorder, defined by either high TG, low HDL-C, or both, and normal LDL-C; 3) combined disorder, defined by high LDL-C in addition to either high TG, low HDL-C, or both; and 4) normal, defined by the absence of any of the above disorders. The frequencies of these disorders were noted in both parents and children, and logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine whether the presence of these disorders in at least one child in the family could predict similar disorders in the parents. Results. Children with isolated LDL-C or TG/HDL-C disorder were more likely to have parents with the same disorder as themselves (P = .002 and P = .04, respectively). Children with the combined disorder were more likely to have parents with any lipid disorder (P = .009), but especially isolated LDL-C (P = .002) and isolated TG/HDL-C (P = .05). Conclusion. A classification scheme defining disorders of TG and HDL-C, LDL-C, or a combination can be useful for predicting lipid disorders in parents after such disorders are identified initially in their children.

scholarly journals Decreased Expression of ENPP6 Predicts the Occurrence of Pain in Malignant Spinal Tumour

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Hu ◽  
Birou Zhong ◽  
Yuqian Guo
Keyword(s):  
Roc Curve ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Spinal Metastasis ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction

Abstract Background: Neuropathic pain (NeP) characterized by neuroplasticity and neuroinflammatory change is a common complication associated with spinal metastasis. However, there are no reliable candidates for diagnosis and treatment. Recently, cancer research has incorporated molecules into the treatment of patients with NeP, therefore, it is necessary to find key molecules of NeP to provide new targets for diagnosis and treatment.Methods: We analyzed RNA-seq data around the expression of ENPP6 based on bioinformatic methods, including differentially expressed genes (DEGs), Gene Ontology (GO), protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and GSEA analyses, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, immune cell infiltration and mutation analysis.Results: We divided with pain samples into the High and Low ENPP6 expression groups. A total of 231 DEGs were identified. GO and KEGG analysis showed that DEGs were mainly enriched in Inflammation and cancer associated pathways. GSEA analysis showed that DEGs was significantly enriched in ARF3 and P38/MK2, RHO and RAS, and BRAFT and AKT1/E17K pathway. Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that the expression of ENPP6 was significantly correlated with autophagy phenotype and immunophenotype. Immune infiltrating analysis showed that activated NK cells were significantly highly expressed in Low group. ROC analysis of ENPP6 suggested that the area under the ROC curve was 0.925. Mutation sites analysis showed that most of the mutations in ENPP4-7 were phosphorylation sites.Conclusion: This study provides novel insights into molecular mechanisms underlying NeP, and identifying ENPP6 may serve as potentially diagnostic biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets for NeP.

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