Visceral politics: a theoretical and empirical proof of concept

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manos Tsakiris ◽  
Neza Vehar ◽  
Raffaele Tucciarelli
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Predictive Coding ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Political Behaviour ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Shed Light

While the study of affect and emotion has a long history in psychological sciences and neuroscience, the very question of how visceral states have come to the forefront of politics remains poorly understood. The concept of visceral politics captures how the physiological nature of our engagement with the social world influences how we make decisions, just as socio-political forces recruit our physiology to influence our socio-political behaviour. This line of research attempts to bridge the psychophysiological mechanisms that are responsible for our affective states with the historical socio-cultural context in which such states are experienced. We review findings and hypotheses at the intersections of life sciences, social sciences and humanities to shed light on how and why people come to experience such emotions in politics and what if any are their behavioural consequences. To answer these questions, we provide insights from predictive coding accounts of interoception and emotion and a proof of concept experiment to highlight the role of visceral states in political behaviour.

Visceral politics: a theoretical and empirical proof of concept

2021 ◽  
Vol 376 (1822) ◽  
pp. 20200142
Author(s):  
Manos Tsakiris ◽  
Neza Vehar ◽  
Raffaele Tucciarelli
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Predictive Coding ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Political Behaviour ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Shed Light

While the study of affect and emotion has a long history in psychological sciences and neuroscience, the very question of how visceral states have come to the forefront of politics remains poorly understood. The concept of visceral politics captures how the physiological nature of our engagement with the social world influences how we make decisions, just as socio-political forces recruit our physiology to influence our socio-political behaviour. This line of research attempts to bridge the psychophysiological mechanisms that are responsible for our affective states with the historical socio-cultural context in which such states are experienced. We review findings and hypotheses at the intersections of life sciences, social sciences and humanities to shed light on how and why people come to experience such emotions in politics and what if any are their behavioural consequences. To answer these questions, we provide insights from predictive coding accounts of interoception and emotion and a proof of concept experiment to highlight the role of visceral states in political behaviour. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The political brain: neurocognitive and computational mechanisms’.

scholarly journals The Role of High School in Managing Conflicts that Generate Violence between Albanian Teenagers in Rural Areas

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Eljana Brahja
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Conflict Management ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Violent Behavior ◽  
The Social ◽  
Victims Of Violence ◽  
Shed Light

The purpose of this study is to determine the role of high school in managing conflicts between teenagers in the rural areas between Tirana and Elbasan. Conflicts among teenagers are always present. They can happen in families, at school, and in the community, but our focus will be the conflicts generated in school premises. It is concerning that teenagers are seeing school as a battlefield where they can fight away from their parents' eyes. The research will shed light on how the aid offered by the high school social services, impact teenagers’ conflict management. This study uses Psychoanalytic, Humanist and Behavioral Directions to explain the source of violent behavior among students in schools located in rural areas. The study is based on the Positive Paradigm. The research method used for collecting data is the quantitative one. The population of this study is the teenagers of high schools located in rural areas between Tirana and Elbasan. The sample of the study is the students of "Krrabë" and "Ibrahim Hasmema" high schools and the instrument used is the sociological questionnaire. Data analysis will show whether teenage conflicts exist and how schools located in rural area manage these conflict cases. The document argues that conflicts between teenagers are present at school premises and the latest rarely use the social services provided at their school. The teachers' staff should be trained on identifying young people who tend to conflict and to have violent behavior. Teachers should be also trained on the ways to treat those teenagers who are victims of violence.

School Desegregation and Resegregation in the Upper South: An Introduction and Overview

2021 ◽  
pp. 000276422110332
Author(s):  
Toby L. Parcel ◽  
Roslyn A. Mickelson
Keyword(s):  
School Districts ◽  
School Choice ◽  
School Desegregation ◽  
Board Of Education ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Upper South ◽  
Opinion Polls

Despite strong progress toward school desegregation in the late 20th century, many locations in the Upper South have recently experienced school resegregation. The articles in this issue investigate similarities and differences across this region in attitudes underlying these developments. Individual papers treat factors including resident location within and across school districts, as well as the role of school choice. Papers also advocate for combining the results of case studies and opinion polls in elucidating these dynamics. The issue concludes with a look forward regarding the social and political forces that will contribute to whether or not the Supreme Court’s mandate, based on Brown v. Board of Education, will be realized by its 100th anniversary in 2054.

Nation Branding

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-73
Author(s):  
Héctor Fernández L’Hoeste
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Nation Branding ◽  
Business Managers ◽  
Imagined Community ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Political Technology

This chapter proposes the practice of nation branding as a political technology, as an example of neoliberalism in which the definition of national identity, previously assessed primarily by the social sciences and humanities, becomes the domain of business managers and advertising executives, thanks to technologies associated with social media. It explains how the redefinition of social goods, the role of the state, and the role of experts entail the replacement of a more socially driven understanding of identity with an act of commercial prestidigitation by way of nation branding; the pertinent state entities are replaced by advertising and image consultancy firms; and, lastly, scholars of various disciplines are replaced by advertising and PR executives. In short, following neoliberalism, identity is reinterpreted as brand. Identity no longer results from the never-ending and instantaneous negotiation between a multiplicity of parties, representative of myriad aspects relevant to the configuration of individuals and communities, but is rendered instead as the quantifiable, concrete result of a variety of transactions. Through this reformulation, a new relationship is suggested between the idea of nation as imagined community and the reality of the state as a material expression of the concept of nation.

The Role of Architecture on Tourism Industry

2011 ◽  
pp. 158-170
Author(s):  
Murat Çetin
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Cultural Consumption ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Cultural Roots ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Global Economics

This chapter aims to shed light on the nature of architecture, its technological and cultural ramifications on tourism industry. It elucidates the background of issues regarding the interaction between the fields of cultural production (architecture) and cultural consumption (tourism). The chapter argues that power of tourism industry has reached, under the pressure of global economics, to a capacity to turn even daily architecture into instruments of touristic show. In this context, technology is utilized as an instrument to produce such iconography only as a surface articulation. Thus, architecture becomes a commodity of touristic consumption in this current socio-economic and cultural context. The pressure of tourism industry seems to create a significant split between the architecture and its location in terms of specific cultural roots. This tendency is discussed as a potential threat to sustainability of tourism industry itself since it damages its own very source, that is to say, richness of cultural differences.

scholarly journals Social and Political Factors Associated With State-Level Legalization of Cannabis in the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Spetz ◽  
Susan A. Chapman ◽  
Timothy Bates ◽  
Matthew Jura ◽  
Laura A. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Marijuana Policy ◽  
Recreational Use ◽  
Levels Of Support ◽  
Shed Light

Thirty-three U.S. states and the District of Columbia (DC) have legalized the use of marijuana for medicinal purposes and 10 states and DC have legalized marijuana for adult recreational use. This mirrors an international trend toward relaxing restrictions on marijuana. This article analyzes patterns in marijuana laws across U.S. states to shed light on the social and political forces behind the liberalization of marijuana policy following a long era of conservatism. Data on U.S. state-level demographics, economic conditions, and cultural and political characteristics are analyzed, as well as establishment of and levels of support for other drug and social policies, to determine whether there are patterns between states that have liberalized marijuana policy versus those that have not. Laws decriminalizing marijuana possession, as well as those authorizing its sale for medical and recreational use, follow the same pattern of diffusion. The analysis points to underlying patterns of demographic, cultural, economic, and political variation linked to marijuana policy liberalization in the U.S. context, which deserve further examination internationally.

scholarly journals Social and Cultural Context Affecting the Activities of Women Painters of Pahlavi Era (1925-1978)

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Azadeh Alipoor Heris ◽  
Abolghasem Dadvar
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Social Position ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Cultural Foundations ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

Different factors were affecting the presence of women during the Pahlavi era. In new structures after the constitutional period and along with the absolute modernism of Pahlavi, discourses changes were made based on democracy, socialism, Shia resistance and autonomy, court to government and political figures to people. During this period the role of women was formed on the basis of their social position and in their gender approach it changed from a <class in itself> to a <class for self>. The consequences of social contexts led to witness more active presence of women during Pahlavi era compared with the past periods particularly in the visual arts arena; so that the history of the Tehran galleries from 1953-1978 which reflects their activities during that time confirms this fact. The purpose of the present essay is to analyze the social contexts which have attracted women from margin to the center and attending to them since no study has been done in this respect seems essential and it’s an attempt to answer the question that what social contexts have been influential in boosting up the presence of women especially women painters of Pahlavi era? In this research the data collect is library type and filed study and it has been compiled in a comparative descriptive-analytic method, the origin and social contexts of the women painters of the Pahlavi era whose works were displayed were studied and analyzed and it can be inferred that the presence of supportive men in families, education, social context, urban life, publicizing the culture thanks to the cultural foundations and media, the actual and legal presence of the queen, government support due to cultural policies, women social movements, and the transformation of the women role in twentieth century had decisive role on enhancing the social position of women particularly the role of the women painters of the second Pahlavi era.

scholarly journals A Questionnaire on Monuments

October ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 3-177
Author(s):  
Lucia Allais ◽  
Noel W. Anderson ◽  
Andrew Weiner ◽  
Tania Bruguera ◽  
Tom Burr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Racial Conflict ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Art Historians ◽  
Society Today ◽  
Shed Light

“A Questionnaire on Monuments” features 49 responses to questions formulated by Leah Dickerman, Hal Foster, David Joselit, and Carrie Lambert-Beatty: “From Charlottesville to Cape Town, there have been struggles over monuments and other markers involving histories of racial conflict. How do these charged situations shed light on the ethics of images in civil society today? Speaking generally or with specific examples in mind, please consider any of the following questions: What histories do these public symbols represent, what histories do they obscure, and what models of memory do they imply? How do they do this work, and how might they do it differently? What social and political forces are in play in their erection or dismantling? Should artists, writers, and art historians seek a new intersection of theory and praxis in the social struggles around such monuments and markers? How might these debates relate to the question of who is authorized to work with particular images and archives?”

Transition from Iron I to Iron II

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor H. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Tenth Century ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Monumental Architecture ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Biblical Narratives ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
United Monarchy

The principal issue in this chapter is a discussion of whether or not a united monarchy existed during the tenth century BCE. That requires an analysis of current archaeological data, extrabiblical records, and the biblical narratives associated with the reigns of Saul, David, and Solomon. In addition, these data are coupled with an examination of the social, economic, and political forces that were at work during this period. These include an examination of the necessary steps that would need to be take to shift from a multi-polity, decentralized social organization to a chiefdom and ultimately to a centralized monarchy. As part of this discussion, legal precedents, the iconic importance of monumental architecture, the role of the ark of the covenant, the importance of Jerusalem as a political and religious capital city, and interaction with the Philistines and other political rivals are reviewed.

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