scholarly journals The Pandemic as a Portal: Reimagining Psychological Science as Truly Open and Inclusive

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Ledgerwood ◽  
Sa-kiera Tiarra Jolynn Hudson ◽  
Neil Anthony Lewis ◽  
Keith Brian Maddox ◽  
Cynthia Pickett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Inflection Point ◽  
Discussion Group ◽  
The United States ◽  
Scientific Society ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
Institutional Responses ◽  
Disciplinary Perspective ◽  
Informal Discussion

Psychological science is at an inflection point: The COVID-19 pandemic has already begun to exacerbate inequalities that stem from our historically closed and exclusive culture. Meanwhile, reform efforts to change the future of our science are too narrow in focus to fully succeed. In this paper, we call on psychological scientists—focusing specifically on those who use quantitative methods in the United States as one context in which such a conversation can begin—to reimagine our discipline as fundamentally open and inclusive. First, we discuss who our discipline was designed to serve and how this history produced the inequitable reward and support systems we see today. Second, we highlight how current institutional responses to address worsening inequalities are inadequate, as well as how our disciplinary perspective may both help and hinder our ability to craft effective solutions. Third, we take a hard look in the mirror at the disconnect between what we ostensibly value as a field and what we actually practice. Fourth and finally, we lead readers through a roadmap for reimagining psychological science in whatever roles and spaces they occupy, from an informal discussion group in a department to a formal strategic planning retreat at a scientific society.

Social and Political Drivers of the Reorientation of U.S. Trade Policy: The Case of U.S. Withdrawal from the Trans-Pacific Partnership

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Liss
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Trade Policy ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Stakeholder Groups ◽  
Sociological Explanation

Previous sociological studies demonstrated that U.S. multinational corporations (MNCs) had durable political power to motivate U.S. trade policy. However, why did the United States switch from a “free trade” to an “America First” trade agenda? Economists and political scientists argue that protectionist voters elected the protectionist candidate—Trump. An alternative sociological explanation is that U.S. MNCs lost political power to competing stakeholder groups. The article uses qualitative and quantitative methods to test these competing theories using the case study of the U.S. withdrawal from the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP). The article argues that both theories are necessary, and neither are sufficient. The United States withdrew from the TPP because increasing negative effects of trade and investment in the United States reshaped trade politics, especially on the republican side; however, power relations between stakeholder groups had to shift as well. U.S. MNCs lost political influence over trade policy to new domestic manufacturing organizations and their networks with labor and fair trade coalitions.

Grammatical change in borderlands Spanish: A variationist analysis of copula variation and progressive expansion in a South Texas bilingual enclave community

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Phillip M. Carter ◽  
Tonya E. Wolford
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
South Texas ◽  
Grammatical Change ◽  
Bilingual Communities

Abstract This study investigates variation in the grammatical system of Spanish in the speech of three generations of Mexican Americans living in a community in South Texas, United States, characterized by high levels of bilingualism and long-term, sustained contact between languages. Two variables are studied using quantitative methods: (1) the extension of the copula verb estar into domains traditionally confined to ser and (2) the expansion of progressive forms at the expense of the simple present. The data reported here suggest changes-in-progress that appear to be accelerated by the linguistic and sociocultural conditions of the community including, especially, lack of access to formal education in Spanish. The sociolinguistic patterning for these variables is compared to patterning for the same variables reported in the literature in both monolingual communities in Spain and Latin America and bilingual communities in the United States.

scholarly journals Analisis Video Comments to Likes Ratio Tiktok Pada 7 Youtuber PUBG Mobile

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
adi suantara
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
The United States ◽  
Online Game ◽  
Good Account ◽  
The Social ◽  
Short Video ◽  
Chinese Company

Tik Tok is a short video platform developed by a Chinese company. The social media application Tiktok allows its users to be creative with music, filters, and several other features with video durations from 15 seconds to 1 minute. The United States occupies the top rank of Tik Tok users with 65.9 million, while Indonesia ranks fourth with 30.7 million users in 2020. The large number of active Tik Tok users in Indonesia can certainly provide opportunities for online game YouTubers. especially PUBG Mobile to make tik tok social media a marketing medium. There are 7 PUBG Mobile Youtubers who use tik tok social media as marketing media, including; Bang Alex, EJ Gaming, Kimi Hime, Benny Moza,Sarah Vilod, Bang Pen, and Zuxxy Gaming. This study aims to calculate the credibility of the tik tok 7 Youtuber PUBG Mobile account performance using quantitative methods. The results of this study show that youtubers from the Zuxxy Gaming account get the first rank and have good account performance credibility.

Lessons Learned about Evaluation in the United States and Some Possible Implications for Europe

1998 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas D. Cook ◽  
Werner W. Wittmann
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
Social Scientist ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
History Of ◽  
Applied Social Science

The history of program evaluation in the United States over the last 25 years is used to abstract themes that may be of importance to the development of evaluation in Europe. The themes relate to (1) the organizational context of evaluation, particularly as regards the tension between the different roles of the social scientist and the auditor; (2) the dependence of evaluation on politics, which entails that research findings be selectively used, and that evaluation questions serve some political interests more than others unless active steps are taken to make evaluations broadly accountable and their results widely disseminated; (3) the reality that most understandings of evaluation emphasize describing what programs have actually achieved, whereas some program planners want it to refer to the ex-ante task of analyzing what the results of a future program might be if it were to be implemented; (4) the mutually supportive roles that both qualitative and quantitative methods have to play in evaluation once the trap is avoided of assuming the supremacy of either one of these method types over the other; and (5) the limited value that can usually be assigned to the results of individual evaluations when compared to what careful literature reviews can accomplish. We argue that a flourishing evaluation culture requires strong methods, strong theory about the nature of evaluation and its links to use, plus continuous updates of what evaluations have discovered in different substantive areas. Today, North American evaluation is perhaps best characterized as applied social-science methods - and this may be too narrow a conception for evaluation to continue flourishing.

Diabetes Care Among Rural Americans

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Williams Utz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Diabetes Care ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
The United States ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Program Evaluations ◽  
Complex Chronic Illness

The prevalence of diabetes in the United States is higher among those living in rural/nonmetropolitan statistical areas than in urban centers. Managing this complex chronic illness is complicated by factors such as limited access to care, low socioeconomic status, aging, and membership in a racial or ethnic minority group. A review of the literature was conducted focusing on research about rural Americans with diabetes by searching databases of CINAHL, PubMed, and MEDLINE, and selecting articles in English that were published between 2000 and 2007. Search terms included: nursing, research, rural, rural nursing, rural health services/programs, and diabetes care. Additional search strategies included journal hand searching and networking. Twenty-six research reports were found and included qualitative and quantitative methods and program evaluations. All regions of the United States were represented except the Northwest. The vast majority of research reports were of descriptive studies (n = 16), with program evaluation reports (n = 7) and studies testing an intervention (n = 3) also represented. The quality of each study is examined and summarized.

MOVING AROUND

2007 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-338
Author(s):  
Janelle Reinelt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cause And Effect ◽  
Theodor Adorno ◽  
Informal Discussion ◽  
Work Abroad ◽  
Straight Ahead ◽  
The U.S

When Mike Sell asked me to contribute to Critical Stages on the topic of “recent emigration in the field,” I had to make sure I understood. “Do you mean people like me,” I asked, “who have taken jobs outside the U.S.?” “Well yes,” he answered. “There's been quite a lot of informal discussion about this trend at various conferences and events.” Fair enough, but it has proven surprisingly difficult to quantify this phenomenon, and the data are partial and sometimes contradictory. There are a number of reasons why some American performance scholars may be choosing to work abroad now. Part personal, part professional, such reasons resist straight-ahead explanations. In what follows, I employ a somewhat paratactic structure to capture fragments of uneven cause and effect, finally placing the question of intellectual migration in the disciplinary experiences of Theodor Adorno during his period of exile in the United States.

The International Dimension of Quantitative History: Some Introductory Reflections

1984 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad H. Jarausch
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Far East ◽  
The United States ◽  
Interdisciplinary Cooperation ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
International Dimension ◽  
The Far East

In contrast to their interest in interdisciplinary cooperation, quantitative historians have neglected the international dimension of their work. Many of the pioneers of quantitative methods in the United States (like L. Stone, C. Tilly, or W. O. Aydelotte) specialize in European history, but the bulk of quantitative work deals with American topics; or, if it ventures abroad, investigates other countries in their own national terms (Kousser, 1980). Where there is a broader awareness, scholars tend to draw upon British and, due to the acclaim of theAnnalesschool, also on French examples; while Germany, and even more so Russia, Latin America, or the Far East, remain in the outer darkness of quantitative consciousness (Rowney and Graham, 1969, as can be contrasted with Aydelotte, 1972). Some fields like economic history (due to its strong international organization) are internationalized; but others like the “new political history” are somewhat provincial, considering that few countries developed comparable democratic institutions in the nineteenth century, thereby providing material for similar research (Temin, 1981; Bogue, 1980). In less cosmopolitan scholarly communities than the American, the situation is worse, if anything. French quantitative historians seem to have shown some interest in their British or Hispanic neighbors, but have done little international or comparative work (Bourdelais, this issue; for an exception see Graham, 1982). Similarly, German historical social scientists appear to borrow methods freely, but do not occupy themselves much with transnational concerns (Jarausch, 1978).

scholarly journals Time Trends in Pulmonary Embolism Mortality Rates in the United States, 1999 to 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karlyn A. Martin ◽  
Rebecca Molsberry ◽  
Michael J. Cuttica ◽  
Kush R. Desai ◽  
Daniel R. Schimmel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Inflection Point ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Percent Change

Background Although historical trends before 1998 demonstrated improvements in mortality caused by pulmonary embolism (PE), contemporary estimates of mortality trends are unknown. Therefore, our objective is to describe trends in death rates caused by PE in the United States, overall and by sex‐race, regional, and age subgroups. Methods and Results We used nationwide death certificate data from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide‐Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research to calculate age‐adjusted mortality rates for PE as underlying cause of death from 1999 to 2018. We used the Joinpoint regression program to examine statistical trends and average annual percent change. Trends in PE mortality rates reversed after an inflection point in 2008, with an average annual percent change before 2008 of −4.4% (−5.7, −3.0, P <0.001), indicating reduction in age‐adjusted mortality rates of 4.4% per year between 1999 and 2008, versus average annual percent change after 2008 of +0.6% (0.2, 0.9, P <0.001). Black men and women had approximately 2‐fold higher age‐adjusted mortality rates compared with White men and women, respectively, before and after the inflection point. Similar trends were seen in geographical regions. Age‐adjusted mortality rates for younger adults (25–64 years) increased during the study period (average annual percent change 2.1% [1.6, 2.6]) and remained stable for older adults (>65 years). Conclusions Our study findings demonstrate that PE mortality has increased over the past decade and racial and geographic disparities persist. Identifying the underlying drivers of these changing mortality trends and persistently observed disparities is necessary to mitigate the burden of PE‐related mortality, particularly premature preventable PE deaths among younger adults (<65 years).

Urbanized Defense Communities: A Literature Review on the Policies, Politics, and Planning of Military Readiness and Local Land Use in the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 088541222110127
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Clanahan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rapid Population Growth ◽  
Military Installations ◽  
Institutional Responses ◽  
Land Use Policies

Propelled in the United States during the twentieth century, land use compatibility issues between military installations and neighboring communities amplified due to rapid population growth, sprawling regional development, and limited intergovernmental planning. This literature review examines how the policies, politics, and planning practices aimed at combating land use incompatibilities in defense communities changed from the early twentieth century to today. Through the consolidation of established theories, this article reveals a reactive paradigm shift in institutional responses. The triaxial spectrum presented in this review offers a theoretical framework for future empirical studies of defense land use policies, politics, and planning practices.

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