scholarly journals There was no golden age: social mobility into cultural and creative occupations

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orian Brook ◽  
Dave O'Brien ◽  
Mark Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
Cultural Theory ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Cultural And Creative Industries ◽  
Over Time

Cultural and creative industries are currently narrated as one of the greatest forces for openness and social mobility that Britain has (Hancock 2016). However, there is little, if any, evidence to support this position. Recent research has suggested the creative and cultural occupations are dominated by those from professional or managerial backgrounds (O’Brien et al 2016, Oakley et al 2017), with cultural theorists arguing this reflects declining rates of social mobility over time (Banks 2017). This paper provides the first empirical assessment of claims made by policy and cultural theory concerning changing patterns of social mobility into cultural and creative occupations. We use the England and Wales Longitudinal Study, along with three birth cohort studies, to offer the first analysis of social mobility into cultural and creative occupations over time. We demonstrate that: cultural and creative occupations have always been characterised by overrepresentations of those from privileged social origins, with little evidence of a classless meritocracy; rates of absolute social mobility are declining in these occupations, contradicting policymakers’ faith in a ‘meritocracy’ for talented individuals aiming to work in artistic and cultural jobs; this decline in absolute levels of social mobility is in contrast to the stability in relative social mobility, indicating there was no ‘golden age’ for social mobility into cultural occupations. These three points illustrate the importance of occupational perspectives on cultural and creative industries and the value of sociological analysis for public policy questions in this area. In particular, the lack of social fluidity in the occupations producing culture is a key issue for future public policy intervention. The paper concludes with suggestions for future research on longevity of cultural careers and the importance of gender using the Longitudinal Study dataset.

Trolling in the Cultural and Creative Industries

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-71
Author(s):  
Avina Mendonca ◽  
Premilla D'Cruz ◽  
Ernesto Noronha
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cultural Industries ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Cultural Workers ◽  
External Sources ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Cultural And Creative Industries ◽  
Interpersonal Level

This chapter presents an international state-of-the-art literature review of abusive trolling experienced by workers in the creative and cultural industries (CCIs), bringing target experiences and organizational/occupational perspectives to the forefront and contributing to the still-evolving understanding of trolling. The abusive trolling encountered by creative and cultural workers essentially reflects workplace cyberbullying at the interpersonal level stemming from external sources, as captured by D'Cruz and Noronha's ‘varieties of workplace bullying' framework, and provides evidence for the category-based cyber abuse at the workplace. Apart from discussing the responses of creative and cultural workers to abusive trolling, interventions employed to manage trolling in the CCIs are reviewed and future research directions are forwarded.

Adolescent Dating Violence Stability and Mutuality: A 4-Year Longitudinal Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 2012-2032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liria Fernández-González ◽  
Esther Calvete ◽  
Izaskun Orue
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Dating Violence ◽  
Preventive Interventions ◽  
Adolescent Dating Violence ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Reciprocal Influences ◽  
Reciprocal Associations ◽  
Over Time

This 4-year longitudinal study explored the stability of dating violence (DV) during adolescence and the reciprocal associations between perpetration and victimization over time. Participants were 991 high school students (52.4% females; mean age at baseline = 14.80 years) from Bizkaia (Spain), who completed a measure of DV perpetration and victimization at four measurement points spaced 1 year apart. Findings evidenced stability of teen perpetration and victimization of DV, which appears to increase in late adolescence. Moreover, longitudinal reciprocal influences were demonstrated, but in general, the cross-lagged paths from one’s partner’s aggression to one’s own perpetration and vice versa were lower than the autoregressive paths obtained from stability. The model showed an adequate fit for both females and males, although some paths were significantly higher for the females than for the males. Preventive interventions should consider these findings about stability and longitudinal reciprocal associations of DV during adolescence.

Corporate dividend policy revisited

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kent Baker ◽  
Rob Weigand
Keyword(s):  
Dividend Policy ◽  
Payout Policy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Stylized Facts ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dividend Policies ◽  
Popular View ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Over Time

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview and synthesis of some important literature on dividend policy, chronicle changing perspectives and trends, provide stylized facts, offer practical implications, and suggest avenues for future research. Design/methodology/approach – The authors provide a survey of literature surveys with a focus on insights for paying cash dividends. Findings – The analysis of literature surveys on dividend policy provides some stylized facts. For example, US evidence indicates that the importance of cash dividends as a part of investors’ total returns has declined over time. Share repurchases now play an increasingly important role in payout policy in countries permitting stock buybacks. The popular view is that dividend policy is important, as evidenced by the large amount of money involved and the attention that firms, security analysts, and investors give to dividends. Firms tend to follow a managed dividend policy rather than a residual dividend policy, which involves paying dividends from earnings left over after meeting investment needs while maintaining its target capital structure. Certain determinants of cash dividends are consistently important over time in shaping actual dividend policies including the stability of past dividends and current and anticipated earnings. No universal set of factors is appropriate for all firms because dividend policy is sensitive to numerous factors including firm characteristics, market characteristics, and substitute forms of dividends. Universal or one-size-fits-all theories or explanations for why companies pay dividends are too simplistic. Practical implications – The dividend puzzle remains an important topic in modern finance. Originality/value – This is the first a survey of literature surveys on cash dividends.

Policies Towards Minority Populations

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Fording ◽  
John Poe
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Minority Populations ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

In this chapter the authors explore two decades of research on the policies that have evolved from struggles for minority group inclusion. They focus on minority-targeted policies that are most relevant to state or local governments. As part of this effort the authors report the results of a content analysis of nine major political science and public policy journals. They find that the volume of research on minority-targeted policies has remained steady over time, but there have been significant changes in the content of these studies. In addition the authors dissect the research to examine the major questions that have been studied in the literature, as well as what we have learned about the politics and the impact of minority-targeted policies. They conclude by highlighting some recent trends in this literature that seem promising, as well as suggesting avenues for future research.

scholarly journals Exploring trajectories of emergency department visits using a laboratory-based indicator of serious illness

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-217
Author(s):  
Ofir Ben-Assuli ◽  
Rema Padman ◽  
Itamar Shabtai
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Emergency Department Visits ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Electronic Health Record Data ◽  
Serious Illness ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Over Time

Repeated emergency department visits have become a serious challenge worldwide. Despite prior research indicating that laboratory results may provide early alerts about such patients on their upcoming adverse events, few studies have examined their role as a critical indicator of the stability of a patient’s medical condition over time. We model and analyze the developmental trajectories of patients’ creatinine levels, a key laboratory marker of serious illness, as a potential risk stratification mechanism across many emergency department visits. We apply group-based statistical methodology to electronic health record data of 70,385 patients, with 3–15 emergency department visits, to identify and profile these trajectories for the entire population, for males and for females. Results reveal three distinct creatinine-based trajectory groups over time with significantly differing characteristics that may enable targeted interventions for each group. Future research will incorporate additional disease markers to identify longitudinal factors leading to repeated emergency department visits.

Cultural and Creative Industries and Urban (Re)Development in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sisi Liang ◽  
Qingfang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Science And Technology Parks ◽  
Cultural And Creative Industries

Cultural and creative industries (CCIs) have been regarded as a growth driver for economic and urban development in many cities worldwide. This study first traces the development of CCIs in China, both as the leading top-down approach and as grassroots efforts in local communities. Then, it identifies the driving forces for CCIs’ development and their impacts on urban development and regeneration. The extensive literature review finds that China’s CCIs share many common characteristics with Western cities. Meanwhile, the CCIs in Chinese cities also demonstrate unique characteristics, for example, strong top-down policy guidance; close relation with continuous urbanization especially through the construction of science and technology parks; and extremely weak ties with local communities. Based on the review, the authors suggest future research agendas to better understand the mechanisms that affect CCIs-related urban (re)development and both social and economic impacts from CCI development at multiple scales.

scholarly journals Does Management℉s Attention to Different Facets of Entrepreneurial Orientation Create Value for the Firm? A Longitudinal Study of Large Retailer

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alka Gupta ◽  
Jerry Chen ◽  
Vishal K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Longitudinal Dataset

Studies of entrepreneurial orientation tend to merge its three components‐proactiveness, risk-taking, and innovativeness‐into a monolithic construct and analyze its relationship with firm outcomes at one point in time. This has resulted in knowledge voids related to the relative importance of the different components, their specific effect on value created by the firm, and their evolution over time. The present study links each component of entrepreneurial orientation to economic value creation using a longitudinal dataset. Results provide support for hypothesized relationships. Implications and avenues for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Past Themes and Tracking Research Trends in Entrepreneurship: A Co-Word, Cites and Usage Count Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Javier Cabeza Ramírez ◽  
Sandra M. Sánchez-Cañizares ◽  
Fernando J. Fuentes-García
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Reference Database ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The Core ◽  
Conceptual Evolution ◽  
Over Time

This paper examines the evolution of research in Entrepreneurship published in Web of Science, a reference database. A bibliometric content analysis has been carried out as part of this investigation, allowing for a longitudinal study of the main research topics dealt with over time, ranging from classic topics such as its conception to more recent realities that include Social and Sustainable Entrepreneurship. This paper locates research trends by studying the evolution of citations and by incorporating use metrics. The results point to the existence of seven cognitive fronts that have marked the field’s growth and conceptual evolution. Furthermore, evidence is presented that shows how innovation has historically been the thread that links all the core themes. The topics and trends detected contribute specially to advancing the current discussion on entrepreneurship and coordinating future research efforts.

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