scholarly journals Spatio-temporal analysis of Romania's rural population access to sanitation services in the context of EU accession,

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin Constantin MIHAI
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Paper Analysis ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Acquis Communautaire ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Eu

This paper analysis the disparities between Romanian Counties regarding thespatio-temporal evolution of rural population acces to sanitation servicesfor pre-accession period (2003-2006) and the first two years since Romaniais part of the EU-27 (2007-2008) highlighting positive or negative changesoccurred in this period.Romanian counties were mapped and divided into fivetypological classes,using multivariate analysis such as hierarchicalcluster analysis method.Each class has different values of rural populationserved by waste collection services related to the Romania average(expressed in standard deviations).Limited access to sanitation servicesfrom rural areas lead to uncontrolled waste disposal.Despite improvement ofpublic access to sanitation services in rural areas compared to 2003 mostof population still lack access to waste collection services in 2008.Inthis context, implementation of the acquis communautaire on municipal wastemanagement is difficult to achieve in rural territory.

scholarly journals Population Access to Waste Collection Services :Urban vs Rural Areas in Romania

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin Constantin MIHAI
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Thematic Cartography

This paper aims a comparative analysis at county level concerning urban and rural population access to sanitation services in the context of  EU accession. Partially coverage of population  to such services contributes to illegal dumping  of waste  generated and uncollected.Furthermore, waste management facilities are inappropriate, particularly in small cities or rural areas. Comparative analysis of  urban vs. rural population served by waste collection services using thematic cartography highlights on the one hand the existing disparities within a county and on the other hand reflects the regional disparities across  Romania.The demographic, socioeconomic and geographic differentiations between urban and rural areas amplify these gaps that prevent from implementation of an effective  waste management system at national scale.Thematic maps highlights that urban population is not fully covered by sanitation services while in rural areas less than half of population has access to these services.Also,in some counties, vulnerability to illegal dumping is high in both rural and urban areas.

scholarly journals Population Access to Waste Collection Services :Urban vs Rural Areas in Romania

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin Constantin MIHAI
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Regional Disparities ◽  
The Other ◽  
County Level ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Thematic Cartography

This paper aims a comparative analysis at county level concerning urban andrural population access to sanitation services in the context of EUaccession. Partially coverage of population to such services contributes toillegal dumping of waste generated and uncollected.Furthermore, wastemanagement facilities are inappropriate, particularly in small cities orrural areas. Comparative analysis of urban vs. rural population served bywaste collection services using thematic cartography highlights, on the onehand, the existing disparities within a county and on the other handreflects the regional disparities across Romania.The demographic,socioeconomic and geographic differentiations between urban and rural areasamplify these gaps that prevent from the implementation of an effectivewaste management system at national scale.Thematic maps highlights thaturban population is not fully covered by sanitation services while in ruralareas less than half of population has access to these services.Also,insome counties, vulnerability to illegal dumping is high in both rural andurban areas.

scholarly journals Mortality from Suicide in the Municipalities of Mainland Portugal: Spatio-Temporal Evolution between 1980 and 2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Loureiro ◽  
Ricardo Almendra ◽  
Cláudia Costa ◽  
Paula Santana
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Suicide Mortality ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Mainland Portugal ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Introduction: Suicide is considered a public health priority. It is a complex phenomenon resulting from the interaction of several factors, which do not depend solely on individual conditions. This study analyzes the spatio-temporal evolution of suicide mortality between 1980 and 2015, identifying areas of high risk, and their variation, in the 278 municipalities of Continental Portugal.Material and Methods: Based on the number of self-inflicted injuries and deaths from suicide and the resident population, the spatio-temporal evolution of the suicide mortality rate was assessed via: i) a Poisson joinpoint regression model, and ii) spatio-temporal clustering methods.Results: The suicide mortality rate evolution showed statistically significant increases over three periods (1980 - 1984; 1999 - 2002 and 2006 - 2015) and two statistically significant periods of decrease (1984 - 1995 and 1995 - 1999). The spatio-temporal analysis identified five clusters of high suicide risk (relative risk >1) and four clusters of low suicide risk (relative risk < 1).Discussion: The periods when suicide mortality increases seem to overlap with times of economic and financial instability. The geographical pattern of suicide risk has changed: presently, the suicide rates from the municipalities in the Center and North are showing more similarity with those seen in the South, thus increasing the ruralization of the phenomenon of suicide.Conclusion: Between 1980 and 2015 the spacio-temporal pattern of mortality from suicide has been changing and is a phenomenon that is currently experiencing a growing trend (since 2006) and is of higher risk in rural areas. 

scholarly journals Effects of Climate Change and Heterogeneity of Local Climates оn the Development of Malaria Parasite (Plasmodium vivax) in Moscow Megacity Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varvara Mironova ◽  
Natalia Shartova ◽  
Andrei Beljaev ◽  
Mikhail Varentsov ◽  
Mikhail Grishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Vivax Malaria ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Integral Index ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Sum Of Effective Temperatures ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Temperature Records ◽  
Historical Temperature

The article presents the results of a spatio-temporal analysis of the changes of the favorability of climatic conditions for the transmission of vivax malaria in the Moscow megacity and its surroundings during the period from 1977 to 2016. Using the historical temperature records at urban and rural weather stations, we calculated the key indicators of climate favorability for malaria transmission, viz. the sum of effective temperatures, the duration of the season of effective infectiveness, and a new integral index of climate favorability. We demonstrated a dramatic increase of all three indicators, which accelerated after 1984, and a high spatial heterogeneity among them. Due to the urban heat island effect, the degree of climatic favorability is especially high in the densely urbanized areas of Moscow megacity compared with the suburban and rural areas. Climatic conditions for vivax malaria in Moscow are better now than before. The season of effective infectiveness continues in the central part of the city for 25 days longer, and the integral index of climate favorability is 85% higher in comparison to mean values over the rural surroundings. The study contains an alert regarding the risk of malaria resurgence in the Moscow region in the case of the sufficient importation of cases from abroad.

FUNDS AND PROGRAMS FOR SUPPORTING EDUCATION IN RURAL AREAS IN POLAND

2017 ◽  
Vol XIX (5) ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
Jolanta Kondratowicz-Pozorska
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Research Institutions ◽  
National Institutions ◽  
The World ◽  
Eu Policies ◽  
Education And Development ◽  
The Eu

The aim of this paper is to present the different forms of support and the accompanying them sources of funding which were allocated for the education and development of the rural population between 2002 and 2016 and define the effects of these activities. A number of the EU policies, programs (including national ones), offers of various foundations for the rural population have been reviewed. Scientific literature, empirical materials and description of the EU and national institutions have been studied, as well as programs supporting the economic and social development of rural areas in Poland. The data required to write the article come from research institutions such as IRWiR, IERiGŻ and available GUS’s and The World Bank’s publications.

scholarly journals Regional Disparities in Urban Population Access to Sanitation Services.Case Study: Romania

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin Constantin MIHAI
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Urban Waste ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Spatial Temporal Analysis

Abstract: Sanitation services still not fully cover the urban populationand this leads to different types of pollution and affects the urbanlandscape. This paper aims a geographical approach by highlightingterritorial disparities in the Romanian counties regarding the urbanpopulation access to waste collection services and to examine theenvironmental issues. Statistical database processed by ascendinghierarchical cluster analysis are mapped at the level of Romanian countiesachieving a spatial-temporal analysis for the period 2003-2008. The paperalso discusses the current dysfunctions existing in urban waste managementfrom Romania. Development of waste management facilities is in the processof transition from a traditional system based only on landfilling towardsan integrated waste management system which develops the recycling andrecovery of waste generated. Romania as an EU member country must improvethe quality of sanitation services. Each city must provide the fullcollection of municipal waste generated in order to eliminate the illegaldumping.

Demographic basis of rural territories state support in the EU countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Georgievna Golovina ◽  
Ivan Nikolaevich Mikolaychik ◽  
Ekaterina Viktorovna Abilova ◽  
Lidia Nikolaevna Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Government Support ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
The Eu

Demographic processes observed within the boundaries of European Union rural areas, including a decrease in the rural population, unfavorable changes in its age composition, deterioration in health, an increase in mortality for various reasons, and especially in connection with the pandemic COVID-19, cause new serious problems that require an active state intervention, namely the development and application of government support various forms. The purpose of the study, the results of which are presented in this article, is generalization and analysis of the available statistical material on rural demography in the EU countries over the past few decades, identification of the main trends and problems in the development of their rural areas, general characteristics those components of the Common Agricultural Policy that are aimed directly at rural development in the current conditions. The work uses survey and analytical research methods that are suitable for studying a large amount of data over a long period of time, including information regarding the demography of the EU countries, presented in the sources of global statistics. The hypotheses verifi ed in the course of the study allowed, in the end, to conclude that negative demographic processes in some countries of the European Union correlate with the phenomena observed in domestic demography and, as a result, determine similar problems and directions for their solution, the growth of the rural population, recorded in some countries (especially in connection with the coronavirus crisis and its consequences), generates many important tasks in the development of rural areas, as it is accompanied by an additional need for jobs, infrastructure facilities, services that important for life. The conclusions obtained during the research of demographic processes in the EU countries are advisable for using as, firstly, a starting point in further research to identify the possibilities for incorporating the European experience in supporting rural areas in domestic economic practice, and secondly, conceptual ideas in determining the content of the relevant public policy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document