The Tied Migrant Employment Penalty: Public Perceptions of Military Spouses Seeking Work

People who move to support the employment prospects of their spouses are tied migrants, and military spouses experience tied migration repeatedly: active duty military personnel move about once every two years, twice as often as civilian families. This frequent geographical disruption directly affects the career trajectories of military spouses. Previous research established military spouses experience worse employment outcomes than their civilian peers, but less is known about the specific characteristics that lead to this difference. Do military spouses have worse employment outcomes because of being a tied migrant, or is there a separate effect because of their status as a military spouse? This article analyzes original data from a factorial vignette survey in which respondents evaluated fictitious job applicant profiles. Results suggest (1) Military spouses receive a premium as job applicants, they are evaluated as more warm, competent, reliable, and social, but receive lower evaluations on perceived longevity; (2) Military spouses with a stable geographic history are evaluated higher than civilians, but that premium switches to a penalty for military spouses with a history of moving frequently, in which case they are evaluated more harshly than civilians who have moved frequently; and (3) Neither tied migration nor military spouse status influence starting salary offers. As many careers require employees to move as part of their training or to seek advancement opportunities, understanding the employment-related challenges and opportunities military spouses face can lead to implications that may affect other tied migrants.

Sustainability Failure in the Antimicrobial Stewardship Program in a Secondary Care Hospital from Cuba: A Historical Review of 30 Years and 3 Shots

Anti-Infective Agents ◽

10.2174/2211352518999200706014401 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 ◽

Author(s):

Humberto Guanche Garcell ◽

Juan José Pisonero Socias ◽

Gilberto Pardo Gómez

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽

Historical Review ◽

Original Data ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Antimicrobial Stewardship Program ◽

Continuous Quality ◽

Stewardship Program ◽

History Of ◽

Health Organization

Background: During the last 30 years an antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) was implemented in a facility with periods of weakness. We aim to describe the history of the sustainability failure in the local ASP. Methods: A historical review was conducted using original data from the facility library and papers published. An analysis of factors related to the failure was conducted based on the Doyle approach. Results: The first ASP was implemented from 1989 to 1996 based on the international experiences and contributes to the improvement in the quality of prescription, reduction of 52% in cost and in the incidence of nosocomial infection. The second program restarts in 2008 and decline in 2015, while the third program was guided by the Pan-American Health Organization from 2019. This program, in progress, is more comprehensive than previous ones and introduced as a novel measure the monitoring of antibiotic prophylaxis in surgery. The factors related to the sustainability were considered including the availability of antimicrobials, the leader´s support, safety culture, and infrastructure. Conclusions: The history behind thirty years of experiences in antimicrobial stewardship programs has allowed us to identify the gaps that require proactive strategies and actions to achieve sustainability and continuous quality improvement.

Standardization Challenges, Opportunities and Recent Evolutions for the G3-PLC Technology

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14071937 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (7) ◽

pp. 1937

Author(s):

Cédric Lavenu ◽

Cédric Chauvenet ◽

Paolo Treffiletti ◽

Matteo Varesio ◽

Klaus Hueske

Keyword(s):

Power Line ◽

Industrial Systems ◽

Power Line Communications ◽

Industrial Landscape ◽

Telecommunication Technology ◽

Telecommunication Systems ◽

Considering the intrinsic benefits of power line communications, the long-lasting lifetime of industrial systems and the growth of IoT, PLC technologies will be part of the worldwide industrial landscape for many decades. This paper discusses the history of the G3-PLC technology and current challenges and opportunities identified in real systems. Finally, it introduces recent evolutions within the G3-PLC standard, which bring additional performance and versatility, enhancing the relevance of G3-PLC as a complementary technology to other telecommunication systems in a 5G-driven telecommunication technology landscape.

Wellness Tourism—New Challenges and Opportunities for Tourism in Salou

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13158246 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (15) ◽

pp. 8246

Author(s):

Marta Gemma Nel-lo Andreu ◽

Alba Font-Barnet ◽

Marc Espasa Roca

Keyword(s):

Environmental Sustainability ◽

Seasonal Adjustment ◽

Competitive Advantages ◽

Strategic Renewal ◽

The Face ◽

History Of ◽

Wellness Tourism ◽

Fundamental Value ◽

The Impact

Following a long history of using various strategies and policies for diversification and seasonal adjustment in the face of the challenges of achieving economic, social, and environmental sustainability, sun and beach destinations should also consider targeting the wellness tourism market as a post pandemic opportunity and long-term solution. Salou is a mature sun and beach destination in the Mediterranean, but one which, for some time, has had an increasing commitment to family and sports tourism as a result of a strategic renewal process. Now, with the impact of the coronavirus pandemic, the destination management organization is considering the evolution of the model, the internalization of sustainability as a fundamental value, and the impact of different markets. In this study, we examined the challenges the Salou Tourist Board has faced during the development of a post pandemic model for sustainable tourism and what strategies it has adopted in response. We also considered the opportunities and competitive advantages that Salou has in the field of wellness tourism. The results obtained should encourage the continuation of work that promotes the environmental axis of sustainability and adds value to the natural resources on which it depends, including the sea and the landscape, while maintaining the environmental quality of the resources.

Line managers’ hiring intentions regarding people with mental health problems: a cross-sectional study on workplace stigma

Occupational and Environmental Medicine ◽

10.1136/oemed-2020-106955 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. oemed-2020-106955

Author(s):

Kim M E Janssens ◽

Jaap van Weeghel ◽

Carolyn Dewa ◽

Claire Henderson ◽

Jolanda J. P. Mathijssen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Inclusion ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Problems ◽

Job Applicants ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Line Managers ◽

Job Applicant ◽

Workplace Stigma

ObjectivesStigma may negatively affect line managers’ intention to hire people with mental health problems (MHP). This study aims to evaluate line managers’ knowledge and attitudes concerning job applicants with MHP, and to assess which factors are associated with the intention (not) to hire an applicant with MHP.MethodsA sample of Dutch line managers (N=670) filled out a questionnaire on their knowledge, attitudes and experiences concerning applicants/employees with MHP. Descriptive analyses and multiple regression analyses were used.ResultsThe majority (64%) was reluctant to hire a job applicant with MHP, despite the fact that only 7% had negative and 52% had positive personal experiences with such employees. Thirty per cent were reluctant to hire an applicant if they knew the applicant had past MHP. Associated with higher reluctance to hire an applicant with MHP were the concerns that it will lead to long-term sickness absence (β (95% CI)=0.39 (0.23 to 0.55)), that the employee cannot handle the work (β (95% CI)=0.16 (0.00 to 0.33)) that one cannot count on the employee (β (95% CI)=0.41 (0.23 to 0.58)) and higher manager education level (β (95% CI)=0.25 (0.05 to 0.44)). Conversely, associated with positive hiring intentions was being in favour of diversity and/or inclusive enterprise (β(95% CI)=−0.64 (−0.87 to −0.41)).ConclusionsAs the majority of managers were reluctant to hire applicants with MHP, and even 30% were reluctant to hire applicants who had past MHP, these findings have major implications for social inclusion in the Netherlands, where about 75% of employees would disclose MHP at work.

The Corporate War Dead: New Perspectives on the Demographics of American and British Contractors

Armed Forces & Society ◽

10.1177/0095327x18811375 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 3-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ori Swed ◽

Jae Kwon ◽

Bryan Feldscher ◽

Thomas Crosbie

Keyword(s):

Lived Experience ◽

Original Data ◽

Military Operations ◽

Data Set ◽

Military Organizations ◽

Security Industry ◽

Legal Implications ◽

History Of ◽

War Dead ◽

Military Activity

From an obscure sector synonymous with mercenaryism, the private military and security industry has grown to become a significant complementing instrument in military operations. This rise has brought with it a considerable attention. Researchers have examined the role of private military and security companies in international relations as well as the history of these companies, and, above all, the legal implications of their use in the place of military organizations. As research progresses, a significant gap has become clear. Only a handful of studies have addressed the complex of issues associated with contractors’ demographics and lived experience. This article sheds some light over this lacuna, examining contractors’ demographics using descriptive statistics from an original data set of American and British contractors who died in Iraq between the years 2003 and 2016. The article augments our understanding of an important population of post-Fordist-contracted workforce, those peripheral workers supplementing military activity in high-risk occupations with uncertain long-term outcomes.

The Use of Whole Genome and Exome Sequencing for Newborn Screening: Challenges and Opportunities for Population Health

Frontiers in Pediatrics ◽

10.3389/fped.2021.663752 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Audrey C. Woerner ◽

Renata C. Gallagher ◽

Jerry Vockley ◽

Aashish N. Adhikari

Keyword(s):

Newborn Screening ◽

Exome Sequencing ◽

Genetic Disorders ◽

Population Based ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Screening Tests ◽

Whole Genome ◽

Whole Exome ◽

Newborn screening (NBS) is a population-based program with a goal of reducing the burden of disease for conditions with significant clinical impact on neonates. Screening tests were originally developed and implemented one at a time, but newer methods have allowed the use of multiplex technologies to expand additions more rapidly to standard panels. Recent improvements in next-generation sequencing are also evolving rapidly from first focusing on individual genes, then panels, and finally all genes as encompassed by whole exome and genome sequencing. The intersection of these two technologies brings the revolutionary possibility of identifying all genetic disorders in newborns, allowing implementation of therapies at the optimum time regardless of symptoms. This article reviews the history of newborn screening and early studies examining the use of whole genome and exome sequencing as a screening tool. Lessons learned from these studies are discussed, along with technical, ethical, and societal challenges to broad implementation.

GOODS AND SERVICES TAX: A STUDY ON ROAD MAP FOR 2017

International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH ◽

10.29121/granthaalayah.v4.i9.2016.2529 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (9) ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Nidhi

Keyword(s):

Central Government ◽

State Governments ◽

Local Council ◽

The Road ◽

Goods And Services ◽

Legislative Authority ◽

Road Map ◽

History Of ◽

Taxation System

The paper covers the scope of GST and the history of the taxation system in India. The word tax is derived from the Latin word ‘taxare’ meaning, to estimate. “A tax is not a voluntary payment or donation, but an enforced contribution, exacted pursuant to legislative authority" and is any contribution imposed by government whether under the name of toll, tribute, impost, duty, custom, excise, subsidy, aid, supply, or other name.” Taxes in India are levied by the Central Government and the State Governments. Some minor taxes are also levied by the local authorities such as Municipality or Local Council. The paper consists of the demerits of existing taxation system, challenges and opportunities of the GST and the latest amendments with the road map for 2017. With the help of this paper we get the overview of the current amendments and the future efforts to be made in the implementation of GST.

Brain Musics: History, Precedents, and Commentary on Whalley, Mavros and Furniss

Empirical Musicology Review ◽

10.18061/emr.v9i3-4.4532 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (3-4) ◽

pp. 277 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Miguel Ortiz ◽

Mick Grierson ◽

Atau Tanaka

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Artificial Neural Network ◽

Musical Performance ◽

Eeg Signals ◽

Live Electronics ◽

Broad Area ◽

Direct Mapping ◽

History Of ◽

Small Ensemble

Whalley, Mavros and Furniss (this issue) explore questions of agency, control and interaction, as well as the embodied nature of musical performance in relation to the use of human-computer interaction through the work Clasp Together (beta) for small ensemble and live electronics. The underlying concept of the piece focuses on direct mapping of a human neural network (embodied by a performer within the ensemble) to an artificial neural network running on a computer. With our commentary, we contextualize the work by offering a brief history of music that uses brainwaves. We review the use of EEG signals for musical performance and point at precedents in EEG-based musical practice. We hope to more clearly situate Clasp Together (beta) in the broad area of Brain Computer Musical Interfaces and discuss the challenges and opportunities that these technologies offer for composers.

The natural history of the Stenoderminae Chiroderma doriae vizottoi Taddei and Lim 2010 (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) in a semiarid region from Brazil

Mammalia ◽

10.1515/mammalia-2021-0022 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Isabela Silva Bellizzi ◽

Shirley Seixas Pereira da Silva ◽

Patrícia Gonçalves Guedes ◽

Juliana Cardoso de Almeida

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Natural History ◽

Body Length ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Original Data ◽

The State ◽

Semiarid Region ◽

Internal Anatomy ◽

Internal Organs ◽

Abstract Original data on diet, internal anatomy, morphology, reproduction, and parasites of Chiroderma doriae vizottoi from the State of Ceará (Brazil) are presented. Intact and crushed seeds of Solanum rhytidoandrum and scales of Lepidoptera were detected in the gastrointestinal tract and feces. Observation of internal organs did not reveal any abnormalities; the intestines were, on average, 11 times longer than the animal’s body length. Reproduction seems to occur in the rainy season. The association with an ectoparasite, Mastoptera sp. (Diptera, Streblidae), was recorded.

Will it be Disclosure or Fabrication of Personal Information?

Pervasive Information Security and Privacy Developments ◽

10.4018/978-1-61692-000-5.ch016 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 231-254 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xun Li ◽

Radhika Santhanam

Keyword(s):

Personal Information ◽

Personal Data ◽

Job Applicants ◽

Accurate Information ◽

Hiring Decisions ◽

Job Applicant ◽

Privacy Concerns ◽

Willingness To Disclose ◽

Information Sensitivity ◽

Theoretical Foundations

Individuals are increasingly reluctant to disclose personal data and sometimes even intentionally fabricate information to avoid the risk of having it compromised. In this context, organizations face an acute dilemma: they must obtain accurate job applicant information in order to make good hiring decisions, but potential employees may be reluctant to provide accurate information because they fear it could be used for other purposes. Building on theoretical foundations from social cognition and persuasion theory, we propose that, depending on levels of privacy concerns, organizations could use appropriate strategies to persuade job applicants to provide accurate information. We conducted a laboratory experiment to examine the effects of two different persuasion strategies on prospective employees’ willingness to disclose information, measured as their intentions to disclose or falsify information. Our results show support for our suggestion As part of this study, we propose the term information sensitivity to identify the types of personal information that potential employees are most reluctant to disclose.