scholarly journals Digital and traditional communication with kin: Displacement or reinforcement?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirkka Danielsbacka ◽  
Kristiina Tammisalo ◽  
Antti O Tanskanen
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Digital Communication ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Parent Child

A salient question in the digital era is whether new forms of digital communication (e.g., instant messages, video calls, e-mails) have displaced or reinforced more traditional forms of communication (e.g., meeting face-to-face, contact by phone, sending letters/postcards). These opposing hypotheses, i.e., digital communication as a reinforcer versus a displacer, have attracted abundant attention among scholars; however, studies have scarcely explored these hypotheses in the context of communication among kin. Using large-scale and population-based data of 1,945 young to middle-aged (18–55 year-olds) and 2,663 older (68–73 year-olds) Finns, we tested the predictions derived from the displacement and reinforcement hypotheses in several kin dyads (parent-child, grandparent-grandchild, siblings, and aunt/uncle-niece/nephew). The results strongly supported the reinforcement hypothesis in all kin dyads, and in both younger and older adults. Associations were positive even after controlling for a wide range of potentially confounding factors. Hence, it can be concluded that digital means may reinforce rather than displace traditional forms of contact.

scholarly journals Sex disparities in cardiovascular health metrics among rural-dwelling older adults in China: a population-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolei Han ◽  
Ziying Jiang ◽  
Yuanjing Li ◽  
Yongxiang Wang ◽  
Yajun Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Sex Disparities

Abstract Background Cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics among Chinese older adults are poorly understood. We investigated sex disparities in CVH metrics and their management among rural-dwelling older adults in China. Methods This community-based study included 5026 participants (age ≥ 65 years; 57.2% women) in the baseline survey of a multimodal intervention study in rural China. In March–September 2018, data were collected through face-to-face interviews, clinical examinations, and laboratory tests. We defined six CVH metrics (three behavioral factors—smoking, body mass index, and physical activity; three biological factors—blood pressure, total cholesterol, and blood glucose) following the modified American Heart Association’s recommendations. We performed descriptive analysis separately for men and women. Results Of all participants, only 0.8% achieved ideal levels in all six CVH metrics. Men were more likely than women to have ideal levels in all CVH metrics but smoking. Women had higher prevalence of ideal global (9.7% vs. 7.8%) and behavioral (18.3% vs. 9.5%) CVH metrics (p < 0.001), whereas men had higher prevalence of ideal biological CVH metrics (5.4% vs. 3.5%, p < 0.001). The prevalence of ideal global and behavioral CVH metrics increased with age in both women and men (p for trend< 0.001). Women were more likely to be aware of their hypertension and diabetes, and to receive antihypertensive treatment, while men were more likely to achieve the goal of high cholesterol treatment (p < 0.05). Conclusions The CVH metrics among older adults living in the rural communities in China are characterized by an extremely low proportion of optimal global CVH metrics and distinct sex differences, alongside poor management of major biological risk factors. Trial registration ChiCTR1800017758 (Aug 13, 2018).

scholarly journals Factors associated with sarcopenia screened by finger-circle test among middle-aged and older adults: a population-based multisite cross-sectional survey in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiki Watanabe ◽  
Tsukasa Yoshida ◽  
Takashi Nakagata ◽  
Naomi Sawada ◽  
Yosuke Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Mail Surveys ◽  
Osaka Prefecture ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

AbstractBackgroundPrevious epidemiological studies have demonstrated the prevalence and relationship of various factors associated with sarcopenia in older adults; however, few have examined the status of sarcopenia in middle-aged adults. In this study, we aimed to, 1) evaluate the validity of the finger-circle test, which is potentially a useful screening tool for sarcopenia, and 2) determine the prevalence and factors associated with sarcopenia in middle-aged and older adults.MethodsWe conducted face-to-face surveys of 525 adults, who were aged 40–91 years and resided in Settsu City, Osaka Prefecture, Japan to evaluate the validity of finger-circle test. The finger-circle test evaluated calf circumference by referring to an illustration printed on the survey form. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC) was plotted to evaluate the validity of the finger-circle test for screening sarcopenia and compared to that evaluated by skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) measured using bioimpedance. We also conducted multisite population-based cross-sectional anonymous mail surveys of 9337 adults, who were aged 40–97 years and resided in Settsu and Hannan Cities, Osaka Prefecture, Japan. Participants were selected through stratified random sampling by sex and age in the elementary school zones of their respective cities. We performed multiple logistic regression analysis to explore associations between characteristics and prevalence of sarcopenia.ResultsSarcopenia, defined by SMI, was moderately predicted by a finger-circle test response showing that the subject’s calf was smaller than their finger-circle (AUROC: 0.729, < 65 years; 0.653, ≥65 years); such subjects were considered to have sarcopenia. In mail surveys, prevalence of sarcopenia screened by finger-circle test was higher in older subjects (approximately 16%) than in middle-aged subjects (approximately 8–9%). In a multiple regression model, the factors associated with sarcopenia were age, body mass index, smoking status, self-reported health, and number of meals in all the participants.ConclusionsSarcopenia, screened by the finger-circle test, was present not only among older adults but also among middle-aged adults. These results may provide useful indications for developing public health programs, not only for the prevention, but especially for the management of sarcopenia.Trial registrationUMIN000036880, registered prospectively May 29, 2019, https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000042027

scholarly journals Sleep patterns and insomnia in a large population‐based study of middle‐aged and older adults: The Tromsø study 2015–2016

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Børge Sivertsen ◽  
Ståle Pallesen ◽  
Oddgeir Friborg ◽  
Kristian Bernhard Nilsen ◽  
Øystein Kvåle Bakke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Sleep Patterns ◽  
Population Based Study

scholarly journals Age Moderates Perceived COVID-19 Disruption on Well-Being

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Knepple Carney ◽  
Allyson S Graf ◽  
Grace Hudson ◽  
Ellen Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Design And Methods

Abstract Background and Objectives It is not fully understood how large-scale events affect well-being. Older adults showed the highest levels of resilience following the September 11th (9/11) terrorist attacks, but during the severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak, there were no age-related differences in well-being. The current study examined the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) disruption on well-being throughout adulthood. Research Design and Methods Perceived stress and affect were examined in 166 community-dwelling adults (Mage = 35.65; SD = 15.53; range = 18–79) in relation to the perceived disruption of the COVID-19 pandemic to their lives. Results A significant moderation was found for age and COVID-19 disruption on perceived stress [F(5, 153) = 8.88, p &lt; .05, R2 = .22] and negative affect [F(5, 154) = 4.91, p &lt; .05, R2 = .14], but not for positive affect. For participants over 50, those who rated COVID-19 as a low or high disruption had similar scores on stress and negative affect, but with younger aged participants, perceiving high disruption corresponded with higher levels of stress and negative affect. Discussion and Implications Findings are consistent with the strength and vulnerability integration (SAVI) model, wherein older adults try to maintain positive emotional well-being, with middle-aged and older adults in the current study having experienced less negative impact on well-being. Middle-aged and older adults may be better able to regulate negative emotions from COVID-19 than younger adults. SAVI proposes a greater negative impact on older adults when they experience sustained stressors; as the challenges with COVID-19 continue, further data will need to be examined.

scholarly journals Diet Intake Pattern and Nutritional Status of Rural Population in Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Monoarul Haque ◽  
Md Amirul Hassan ◽  
Khaleda Islam ◽  
Md Rijwan Bhuiyan ◽  
Md Shah Jalalur Rahman Shahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Diet Intake ◽  
Real Scenario

Objective: The aim of this study is to explore the diet intake pattern and nutritional status of rural population in Bangladesh.Methods: A population based crosssectional study was conducted in three rural villages of Mohespur Upazilla, Jhenaidah district, Bangladesh. Total 200 samples were collected purposively to conduct this study. Data were collected through personal face to face interview by structured and semi-structured questionnaire from the respondents.Results: The mean (± SD) age of the respondents was 35±16.6 years where 64% were male. The monthly dietary intake pattern of the respondents shows that majority of the respondents take pulses, fish, meat, egg, milk and fruits 1 to 2 time per month. Majority (94.5%) of the respondents take cereals 2 to 3 times per day. In case of nutritional status, majorities (47%) have normal nutritional status where 30% are overweight, 15% are obese and 8% are suffering from underweight. Study also shows that there is no relation between gender and nutritional status of the respondents.Conclusion: Finally, this study indicates that the overall dietary intake pattern of rural population in Bangladesh is poor. Further study should be needed in a large scale to explore the real scenario of dietary pattern and nutritional status of rural population in Bangladesh.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v13i2.21065

Associations of Leisure-Time Physical Activity with Mobility Difficulties among Middle-Aged and Older Adults

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarmo J. Malmberg ◽  
Seppo I. Miilunpalo ◽  
Matti E. Pasanen ◽  
Ilkka M. Vuori ◽  
Pekka Oja
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Stair Climbing ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Future Risk

The authors investigated the associations of the amount, frequency and intensity, and type of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) with the risk of self-reported difficulty in walking (WD) and stair climbing (SCD) over 16 years in a population-based cohort age 40–64 years at the onset of the study. Their results indicated that the risk for SCD was highest among men and women with a low amount of weekly LTPA. The risk was high also among women with weekly light LTPA compared with women with weekly vigorous LTPA. The risk for WD was highest among men who engaged in fitness activity once a week compared with men who engaged in fitness activity at least three times a week. A low amount of weekly LTPA, light LTPA twice or more a week, and LTPA for keeping fit and healthy less than three times a week are associated with future risk of mobility difficulties among middle-aged and older adults.

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