scholarly journals Job Turnover and Divorce

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip N. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Population Survey ◽  
Community Survey ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Job Turnover ◽  
American Community Survey ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Individual

Inspired by Pugh (2015), this paper explores the connection between work and couple stability, using a new combination of data from the Current Population Survey (CPS) and the American Community Survey (ACS). I test the association between job turnover, a contextual variable, and divorce at the individual level. Results show that people who work in jobs with high turnover rates – that is, jobs which many people are no longer working in one year later – are also more likely to divorce. One possible explanation is that people exposed to lower levels of commitment from employers, and employees, exhibit lower levels of commitment to their own marriages

Measuring the Impact of COVID-19 on Businesses and People: Lessons from the Census Bureau’s Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 312-316
Author(s):  
Catherine Buffington ◽  
Jason Fields ◽  
Lucia Foster
Keyword(s):  
Current Population Survey ◽  
Population Survey ◽  
Census Bureau ◽  
Community Survey ◽  
American Community Survey ◽  
Annual Business ◽  
Data Products ◽  
Business Survey ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Existing Data

We provide an overview of Census Bureau activities to enhance the consistency, timeliness, and relevance of our data products in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. We highlight new data products designed to provide timely and granular information on the pandemic's impact: the Small Business Pulse Survey, weekly Business Formation Statistics, the Household Pulse Survey, and Community Resilience Estimates. We describe pandemic-related content introduced to existing surveys such as the Annual Business Survey and the Current Population Survey. We discuss adaptations to ensure the continuity and consistency of existing data products such as principal economic indicators and the American Community Survey.

scholarly journals Potential Data Sources for a New Study of Social Mobility in the United States

2014 ◽  
Vol 657 (1) ◽  
pp. 208-246
Author(s):  
John Robert Warren
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Population Survey ◽  
Data Access ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Survey ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
American Community Survey ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Trade Offs

In this article I define the main criteria that ought to be considered in evaluating the costs and benefits of various data resources that might be used for a new study of social and economic mobility in the United States. These criteria include population definition and coverage, sample size, topical coverage, temporal issues, spatial issues, sustainability, financial expense, and privacy and data access. I use these criteria to evaluate the strengths and weakness of several possible data resources for a new study of mobility, including existing smaller-scale surveys, the Current Population Survey, the American Community Survey, linked administrative data, and a new stand-alone survey. No option is perfect, and all involve trade-offs. I conclude by recommending five possible designs that are particularly strong on the criteria listed above.

scholarly journals INDIVIDUAL AND INTERPERSONAL INFLUENCERS OF MEALTIME EXPERIENCES: PERSPECTIVES OF NURSING ASSISTANTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S505-S505
Author(s):  
Joy W Douglas ◽  
Seung Eun Jung ◽  
Hyunjin Noh ◽  
Amy Ellis ◽  
Christine Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nursing Assistants ◽  
Direct Care ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Interpersonal Barriers ◽  
The Individual

Abstract In the United States, long-term care Certified Nursing Assistants (CNAs)’s central role is to provide direct care to residents, including mealtime assistance. It has been reported that employee turnover among CNAs is nearly 75% annually. High turnover rates of CNAs can increase the workload for remaining CNAs, interrupt quality of care for residents, and require extra resources for recruiting new staff. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the individual and interpersonal barriers and facilitators CNAs experience when providing mealtime assistance to residents with dementia. Using purposive sampling, nine focus groups were conducted with a total of 53 CNAs who had at least one year of experience as a CNA working with older adults. Focus group questions were developed using the Social Ecological Model. All focus groups were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using the directed content analysis approach. At the individual level, CNAs identified that communication skills with residents and coworkers, and the ability to accurately interpret resident behavior positively affected their ability to provide mealtime assistance. At the interpersonal level, interdisciplinary collaboration was identified as a significant facilitator. Reported barriers included negative interference from residents’ family members, unpredictable resident behaviors, and lack of support from coworkers. CNAs reported individual and interpersonal factors that may influence their ability to effectively feed residents with dementia. Our findings will inform future investigations regarding job turnover. Equally important, providing CNAs with the training and opportunity to perform their duties efficiently can ultimately benefit the residents’ mealtime experiences.

Debtors’ Blocks: How Monetary Sanctions Make Between-neighborhood Racial and Economic Inequalities Worse

2021 ◽  
pp. 233264922110578
Author(s):  
Kate K. O’Neill ◽  
Ian Kennedy ◽  
Alexes Harris
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Social Disorganization ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Community Survey ◽  
American Community Survey ◽  
High Poverty ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Neighborhood Level

Although recent scholarship has enumerated many individual-level consequences of criminal legal citations and sentences involving fines and fees, we know surprisingly little about the structural consequences of monetary sanctions or legal financial obligations (LFOs). We use social disorganization and critical race theories to examine neighborhood-level associations between and among LFO sentence amounts, poverty, and racial and ethnic demographics. Using longitudinal data from the Washington State Administrative Office of the Courts, and the American Community Survey, we find LFOs are more burdensome in high-poverty communities and of color, and that per-capita rates of LFOs sentenced are associated with increased future poverty rates across all neighborhoods.

scholarly journals Short-time work: A bridge to employment security or a springboard to unemployment?

2019 ◽  
pp. 0143831X1989067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitris Pavlopoulos ◽  
Katja Chkalova
Keyword(s):  
Job Turnover ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Job Separation ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Work Programme ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Temporary Agency Workers

This article investigates the employment effect of short-time work in the Netherlands during the Great Recession (2009–2011). Short-time work was introduced during the period as a special arrangement with the aim of reducing unemployment hikes by offering firms the possibility of adjusting the working time of specialised workers rather than adjust the size of their workforce. The authors focus on the effect of short-time work at the individual level of the worker and study whether short-time programme participants in surviving firms had a lower job turnover rate and transition rate to unemployment compared to workers who did not participate in the programme. Furthermore, the authors study whether the flexibility policies of the firm had a substantial influence on the effectiveness of short-time work in protecting workers from unemployment. Specifically, they investigate whether the effect of short-time work is related to the intensiveness of its use by the firm and the extensiveness of the use of external flexibility arrangements – i.e. temporary contracts and temporary agency workers – by the firm. For this purpose, the authors apply a discrete-time survival model using a unique dataset with monthly register data from Statistics Netherlands. Participants in the short-time work programme are compared with non-participant workers from firms that used short-time work and workers from firms that did not make use of the programme. The findings indicate that, in surviving firms, short-time work had a positive effect: the risk of unemployment and job separation is, in most cases, lower for short-time work participants than non-participants. Short-time work is most effective in protecting workers from unemployment in firms that extended the use of the programme to many workers and for a relatively small number of hours, and that made either moderate use of temporary agency workers or extensive use of fixed-term contracts.

scholarly journals Counting Uninsurance and Means-Tested Coverage in the American Community Survey: A Comparison to the Current Population Survey

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (1p1) ◽  
pp. 210-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Boudreaux ◽  
Jeanette Y. Ziegenfuss ◽  
Peter Graven ◽  
Michael Davern ◽  
Lynn A. Blewett
Keyword(s):  
Current Population Survey ◽  
Population Survey ◽  
Community Survey ◽  
American Community Survey ◽  
Current Population

Reliability of Shoulder Symptom Recall after 1 Year in a Retrospective Application of the Oxford Shoulder Score

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-258
Author(s):  
Michael Held ◽  
Steve Roche ◽  
Basil Vrettos ◽  
Maritz Laubscher ◽  
Johan Walters
Keyword(s):  
Shoulder Function ◽  
Test Pair ◽  
Altman Plot ◽  
Bland Altman Plot ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Oxford Shoulder Score ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Shoulder Score

Background The accuracy of retrospective recall of shoulder symptoms has not been well documented. This prospective study assesses the ability of patients to recall their preoperative shoulder function one year after a surgical intervention, using the Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS). Methods 35 patients completed an OSS before undergoing shoulder surgery. One year later, patients were asked to recall their symptoms prior to their surgery. The recalled OSS of the patients as a group was compared to their preoperative score. The recall bias of each test pair was assessed with a Bland – Altman plot. Results On recall after a mean of 12.6 months, the mean OSS from the index assessment increased from 36.25 to 38.25 points. The mean difference of 2 points for the patients as a group was not significant (p = 0.14). The statistical limits of agreement of the Bland – Altman plot were set at +/-2 SD = 14.079 points. The plotted points showed fair correlation between each individual test pair. Conclusion The recall of symptoms of a large group of patients at 1 year after the index intervention appears to have a moderate correlation with the preoperative scoring. Although statistically acceptable, this limit of agreement is much larger than the 4.5-point difference, established to be clinically relevant in prior studies. The variation seen within the scores at the individual level suggests that these data cannot be used as a retrospective tool.

scholarly journals Municipality attraction and commuter mobility in urban Sweden: An analysis based on longitudinal population data

Urban Studies ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 1875-1903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siv Schéele ◽  
Gunnar Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Housing Prices ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Contextual Data ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Migration Rates ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Individual

At the individual level, commuting can be seen as part of a search process that may lead to adjustments in terms of migration or change of workplace. The behaviour of commuters is affected by individual characteristics and factors related to housing, labour and transport markets. It can provide insight into factors related to different municipalities’ levels of attraction. In our study, we provide a longitudinal analysis of individual commuting behaviour during a one-year study period: we simultaneously address the dynamics of ending commuting by a migration event, a change of workplace, or both. Our study is situated in the urban region that surrounds lake Mälaren of Sweden, including its capital Stockholm. We draw on unique register data on the entire commuter population of that region and linked contextual data on the characteristics of the municipalities where the commuters live and work. Migration rates are strongly related to demographic variables, whereas the propensity to change workplace mainly varies with economic variables. We demonstrate that the attraction of a municipality in terms of residence increases with the general accessibility to workplaces and decreases with its level of housing prices. An increased supply of new dwellings in a municipality has a greater impact on the capacity to increase its population than has an increased supply of workplaces.

scholarly journals Income Inequality, Social Comparison, and Happiness in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 237802312098564
Author(s):  
Tim Futing Liao
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Social Comparison ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Population Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Comparison Theory ◽  
American Time Use Survey ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Time Use Survey ◽  
The Individual

Using social comparison theory, I investigate the relation between experienced happiness and income inequality. In the analysis, I study happiness effects of the individual-level within-gender-ethnicity comparison-based Gini index conditional on a state’s overall inequality, using a linked set of the March 2013 Current Population Survey and the 2013 American Time Use Survey data while controlling major potential confounders. The findings suggest that individuals who are positioned to conduct both upward and downward comparison would feel happier in states where overall income inequality is high. In states where inequality is not high, however, such effects are not present because social comparison becomes less meaningful when one’s position is not as clearly definable. Therefore, social comparison matters where inequality persists: One’s comparison with all similar others’ in the income distribution in a social environment determines the effect of one’s income on happiness, with the comparison target being the same gender-ethnic group.

scholarly journals Validation of Two Federal Health Insurance Survey Modules After Affordable Care Act Implementation

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Pascale ◽  
Angela Fertig ◽  
Kathleen Call
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Population Survey ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Health Insurance Coverage ◽  
Community Survey ◽  
American Community Survey ◽  
Reporting Accuracy ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Accurate Reporting

Abstract This study randomized a sample of households covered by one large health plan to two different surveys on health insurance coverage and matched person-level survey reports to enrollment records. The goal was to compare accuracy of coverage type and uninsured estimates produced by the health insurance modules from two major federal surveys – the redesigned Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement (CPS) and the American Community Survey (ACS) – after implementation of the Affordable Care Act. The sample was stratified by coverage type, including two types of public coverage (Medicaid and a state-sponsored program) and three types of private coverage (employer-sponsored, non-group, and marketplace plans). Consistent with previous studies, accurate reporting of private coverage is higher than public coverage. Generally, misreporting the wrong type of coverage is more likely than incorrectly reporting no coverage; the CPS module overestimated the uninsured by 1.9 and the ACS module by 3.5 percentage points. Other differences in accuracy metrics between the CPS and ACS are relatively small, suggesting that reporting accuracy should not be a factor in decisions about which source of survey data to use. Results consistently indicate that the Medicaid undercount has been substantially reduced with the redesigned CPS.

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