scholarly journals Integrated modelling of overland flows and drainage networks in a urban environment

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Courty
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Network Flows ◽  
Integrated Modelling ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Drainage Network ◽  
Overland Flows ◽  
Developed Surface ◽  
Flood Model ◽  
The City

Flood is already one of the most common disaster at a global scale.With the combined effects of the continuing urbanization and ongoing climate change, the number of both inundation events and affectees is set to increase.Numerical flood simulation is a key tool to be better prepared to tackle those changes, as it allows us to evaluate the impacts of multiple weather and development scenarios at a reduced cost.In the past decades, flood models have become more reliable and accessible, leading them to be now part of the common toolbox of consulting engineers, public authorities and academics.However, correctly model the hydrological processes occurring in a urban environment is a challenging task.A successful urban flood model should be able to resolve the overland flows, the drainage network flows, and the complex interactions that are taking place between those two systems.Furthermore, the combination of the large scale of modern cities and the fine resolution needed to adequately model the overland flows requires large computational resources, and limits the models usefulness for advanced applications, like ensemble analysis.The present describes a new, open-source, coupled flood model that takes advantage of recent advances in urban inundation modelling. The surface model of the developed tool employs a simplified numerical scheme that allows fast simulation at high resolution.The drainage network model is the well known SWMM, developed by the EPA.The simulation of the coupling between the drainage and the surface models is based on the knowledge recently acquired by physical modelling.The developed surface model is first evaluated against a combination of analytic solutions and a well-known similar model.It is then employed to the reproduction of an historical flood in the city of Hull, UK.The coupled surface-drainage model is first compared to similar commercial and academic models.Then, the coupled model is applied to an historical flood in the city of Kolkata, India.In all those tests, the developed software gives adequate results and paves the way to its use for flood risk mapping and drainage network design.

CONCEPT OF THE IMPROVEMENT OF A KEY PUBLIC SPACE (USING THE EXAMPLE OF «ALLEY OF ARCHITECTS», VORONEZH)

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-109
Author(s):  
С. Л. Подвальный ◽  
О. А. Сотникова ◽  
Я. А. Золотухина
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Territory Design ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Modern Technologies ◽  
Intensive Growth

Постановка задачи. В настоящее время формирование современной комфортной городской среды приобретает особое социально-экономическое значение и выдвигается в число приоритетных государственных масштабных программ. В связи с этим необходимо разработать концепцию благоустройства ключевого общественного пространства, а именно: определить основные и сопутствующие функции данной территории, создать эскизное предложение проекта благоустройства с учетом всех необходимых норм и стандартов, внедрить современные технологии. Результаты. Выполнен эскизный дизайн-проект «Аллеи архитекторов» по ул. Орджоникидзе г. Воронеж, включающий в себя основные элементы по зонированию территории, проектированию акцентных объектов и внедрению инновационных технологий «умного города», позволяющих повысить уровень комфорта горожан. Выводы. Благоустройство населенных мест приобретает особое значение в условиях дискомфорта среды. С выполнением комплекса мероприятий, направленных на благоустройство, и с внедрением современных технологий значительно улучшается экологическое состояние, внешний облик города. Оздоровление и модернизация среды, которая окружает человека в городе, благотворно влияет на психофизическое состояние, что особенно важно в период интенсивного роста городов. Statement of the problem. Currently the formation of the modern comfortable urban environment is gaining a special social and economic value and moving forward in the priorities of state large-scale programs. The purpose of development of the concept of improvement of public space is definition of the main and accompanying functions of this territory, design of the outline offer of the project of improvement considering all necessary norms and standards and implementation of modern technologies. Results. The conceptual project of “Alley of Architects” includes the basic elements of territory zoning, design of accent objects and implementation of technologies of a “smart-city”. These elements allow one to increase the level of comfort of inhabitants. Conclusions. Improvement of the inhabited places is of particular importance in the conditions of discomfort of the environment. Carrying out a complex of the actions directed to gardening and improvement, introducing modern technologies, the ecological condition, the physical appearance of the city considerably improves. Improvement and modernization of the environment which surrounds the person in the city influences a psychophysical state well that especially important during intensive growth of the cities.

scholarly journals Extraction of Urban Information for Seismic Hazard and Risk Assessment in Lima, Peru Using Satellite Imagery

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 328-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masashi Matsuoka ◽  
◽  
Hiroyuki Miura ◽  
Saburoh Midorikawa ◽  
Miguel Estrada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Building Inventory ◽  
Hazard And Risk ◽  
Hazard And Risk Assessment ◽  
Landsat Satellite ◽  
Time Series Images ◽  
The City ◽  
Area Data

Lima City, Peru, is, like Japan, on the verge of a strike by a massive earthquake. Building inventory data for the city need to be created for earthquake damage estimation, so the city was subjected to the extraction of spatial distribution of building age from Landsat satellite time-series images and an assessing building height from ALOS/PRISM images. Interband calculation of Landsat time-series images gives various indices relevant to land covering. The transition of indices was evaluated to clarify urban sprawl taking place in the northern, southern, and eastern parts of Lima City. Built-up area data were created for buildings by age. The height of large-scale mid-to-highrise buildings was extracted by applying spatial filtering for a DSM (Digital Surface Model) generated from stereovision PRISM images. As a result, buildings with a small square measure, color similar to that of their surroundings, or complicated shapes turned out to be difficult to detect.

scholarly journals Impact of Urbanization on Heavy Convective Precipitation under Strong Large-Scale Forcing: A Case Study over the Milwaukee–Lake Michigan Region

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Yang ◽  
James A. Smith ◽  
Mary Lynn Baeck ◽  
Elie Bou-Zeid ◽  
Stephen M. Jessup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Land Surface Model ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Urban Representations ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Impact Of Urbanization ◽  
The City

Abstract In this study, observational and numerical modeling analyses based on the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) are used to investigate the impact of urbanization on heavy rainfall over the Milwaukee–Lake Michigan region. The authors examine urban modification of rainfall for a storm system with continental-scale moisture transport, strong large-scale forcing, and extreme rainfall over a large area of the upper Midwest of the United States. WRF simulations were carried out to examine the sensitivity of the rainfall distribution in and around the urban area to different urban land surface model representations and urban land-use scenarios. Simulation results suggest that urbanization plays an important role in precipitation distribution, even in settings characterized by strong large-scale forcing. For the Milwaukee–Lake Michigan region, the thermodynamic perturbations produced by urbanization on the temperature and surface pressure fields enhance the intrusion of the lake breeze and facilitate the formation of a convergence zone, which create favorable conditions for deep convection over the city. Analyses of model and observed vertical profiles of reflectivity using contoured frequency by altitude displays (CFADs) suggest that cloud dynamics over the city do not change significantly with urbanization. Simulation results also suggest that the large-scale rainfall pattern is not sensitive to different urban representations in the model. Both urban representations, the Noah land surface model with urban land categories and the single-layer urban canopy model, adequately capture the dominant features of this storm over the urban region.

scholarly journals CONCEPT OF IMPROVEMENT (USING THE EXAMPLE OF A KEY PUBLIC SPACE “ALLEY OF ARCHITECTS”, VORONEZH)

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-63
Author(s):  
S. L. Podvalny ◽  
O. A. Sotnikova ◽  
Ia. A. Zolotukhina
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Territory Design ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Modern Technologies ◽  
Intensive Growth

Statement of the problem. Now formation of the modern comfortable urban environment gains a special social and economic value, moves forward in number of priority state large-scale programs. The purpose of development of the concept of improvement of public space is definition of the main and accompanying functions of this territory, creation of the outline offer of the project of improvement taking into account all necessary norms and standards and implementation of modern technologies. Results. The conceptual project of «Alley of architectures» includes basic elements on zoning of the territory, design of accent objects and implementation of technologies of the “smart-city”. These elements allow one to increase the level of comfort of inhabitants.Conclusions. Improvement of the inhabited places is of particular importance in the conditions of discomfort of the environment. Carrying out a complex of the actions directed to gardening and improvement, introducing modern technologies, the ecological condition, appearance of the city considerably improves. Improvement and modernization of the environment which surrounds the person in the city influences a psychophysical state well that especially important during intensive growth of the cities.

Urban Flooding and Measures

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiichi Toda ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Urban Flooding ◽  
Urban Floods ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Flood Model ◽  
Flood Disasters ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
The City ◽  
Inundation Model

Urban flood disasters occur often worldwide, and Japan is no exception, as indicated by the 1999 Fukuoka flood. Urban floods result from changes in the urban environment influenced by the specific features of the city involved. We review recent urban floods, their causes and characteristics, together with the results of recent studies. Focusing on two mathematical models -- the integrated urban flood model of urban river basins and the underground inundation model -- we discuss their simulation results. To demonstrate the dangers of underground inundations, we introduce evacuation experiments conducted using full-scale staircase and door models. Based on these studies, we propose comprehensive measures against urban floods, including underground inundations.

scholarly journals City Phenomenon between Urban Structure and Composition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amjad Almusaed ◽  
Asaad Almssad
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Main Property ◽  
The Other ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

Cities are not just a sum of buildings, but especially a set of social relations that their inhabitants develop. Cities are characterized by a wide variety of social groups and lifestyles. An urban composition represents a form of the city in which it gets a formal order, so that the shape of any urban ensemble is not linked to a random phenomenon, but to an intervention mastered and understood as such. For the city, the urban composition represents what the architectural composition represents for a building. This concept regarding the composition is common both to the architecture and to the city. The main property of the composition is that it transforms a possibly dispersed ensemble into a whole, resolving the contradictions that arise when the requirements and conditions of the project are numerous. Spatial forms and urban compositions are built over time, longer than that of architectural composition. On the other hand, “design of the urban environment” is understood by us as a complex formation of public spaces of the city, located on the ground floor level of the city building and ensuring the vital activity of the urban community. This chapter will study the city phenomenon on a large scale.

Concerning the Concept of Light-Colour Arrangement of the Urban Environment in the Central Part of Tyumen

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
Nikolay I. Shchepetkov ◽  
Svetlana B. Kapeleva ◽  
Denis V. Bugaev ◽  
Gregory S. Matovnikov ◽  
Anna S. Kostareva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Assessment Criteria ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
General Plan ◽  
Design Solutions ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
The City

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of outdoor lighting in the central part of Tyumen (with consideration of conducted field observations) and prospects of its development on the basis of the general plan of illumination of the central part of the city being under design. Main provisions of this general plan as well as methodological principles and assessment criteria of design solutions illustrat-ed by photographs, schemes and visualisations of the illuminated objects are described.

Урбанистика. Функциональные компоненты интеллектуальных территорий// Social Sciences: Achievements and Prospects Journal 6 (14), 2019/ RELF Group & OEAPS Inc.(Open European Academy of Public Sciences); Chief Editor Mark Freeman - Barcelona, Spain. 16.09.2019: OEAPS Inc., 2019. - PP. 19-36.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Агриппина Александровна Дорофеева ◽  
Алексей Валерьевич Алтухов ◽  
Алексей Дмитриевич Федоров
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Chief Editor ◽  
European Academy ◽  
The City

Городская среда один из важнейших предметов исследования урбанистики, рассматривается как целостный природно-антропогенный комплекс, подкрепленный развитыми технологическим, научным, производственным, социально-культурным потенциалом города. The urban environment is an integral natural and anthropogenic complex, supported by developed technological, scientific, industrial, social and cultural potentials of the city.

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