scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with undernutrition among Dayak children in rural areas of Sarawak, Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mizanur Rahman ◽  
◽  
Andrew Kiyu ◽  
Neilson Richard Seling ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
World Health ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Poor Appetite ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated

Background: Undernutrition among children has become a major public health issue due to the high risk of morbidity and mortality involving this vulnerable age group. This study focused on the rural population, especially among the Dayak children in Sarawak, Malaysia. Methodology: This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Sarawak’s rural areas using a multistage stratified cluster sampling technique. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using an interviewer-guided questionnaire. The nutritional status of the under-five children was measured according to the World Health Organization guidelines. The nutritional indicators were calculated as z-scores. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed using SPSS to identify the factors associated with nutritional status. Results: The prevalence of undernutrition among the under-five Dayak children in the rural areas of Sarawak was 39.6%. The analysis suggested that wasting was predominantly associated with parental education levels of primary and below, poor wealth index, environmental and sanitation issues, children with history of low birth weight, shorter duration of exclusive breastfeeding, and poor appetite. Stunting was high within the age group of <3 years old and was associated with parents’ occupation and household wealth index. Low parental education, poor wealth index, environmental and sanitation issues, poor appetite, and the children’s recent illness predicted underweight. Conclusion: These findings imply that a multi-sectoral and multi-dimensional approach is essential to address undernutrition in rural settings. Improvement on households’ socioeconomy, environment and sanitation should be emphasised to reduce undernutrition among the children.

scholarly journals Determinants of anemia in children under five years in Angola, Malawi and Senegal: A comparative study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRIS KHULU ◽  
Shuan Ramroop
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Score Test ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Background: Anemia is defined as a condition where there is an insufficient quantity of homoglobin, hematocrit or red cell in the human body [1, 2]. Unicef (2017) report urged all countries to reduce under ve years mortality by 2030, thereof there is a need of understanding and determining factors contributing to child mortality. The significance of this study underpins the improvement in collaboration among the three countries and recommend to government the area to invest in order to meet the SDG target.Method: The current study used demographic health survey data from Angola (2016), Malawi (2016) and Senegal (2016). Using World Health Organisation (WHO) classification guidelines of anemia, the ordinal dependent variable was developed. The three categories of anemia condition used in this study are Mild (10.0 - 10.9 g/dl), Moderate (7.0 - 9.9 g/dl) and severe (<7 g/dl). Results: Gamma measure and chi-square test of independence was conducted to explore the association between anemia status and factors. The score test and Brant test were used to test the proportional odds model assumption and it was satisfied.Results from ordinal survey logistic regression model found place of residence, age of the child, wealth index, mother level of education and nutritional status to be significant factors associated with anemic condition of under five year children in all three countries. Discussion: The health institutions of Angola, Malawi and Senegal need to monitor under five years children that are suffering from malnutrition condition. The study showed that there is a high chance for under five years children to suffer from both malnutrition and anemia condition. This finding is similar to the results of the study that was conducted in Bangladesh and Burma [27, 28].Conclusion: The study identifieed place of residence, age of the child, wealth index, mother level of education and nutritional status as common factors associated with anemia in Angola, Malawi and Senegal. This nding is in agreement with that of the studies conducted by [27, 26, 36]. The results showed the necessity of collaboration between Angola, Malawi and Senegal in order to achieve the SGD target.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Nutritional Status of the Under Five Children

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amita Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Significant Variable ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Female Headed Households ◽  
Size At Birth

Objective: To identify factors associated to the nutritional status of under five children.Method: The data used in this analysis are from Demographic and Health Survey 2006 conducted in Nepal. Total 5262 cases are included in the present study. A multinomial logistic regression model is used to study the relation between various factors and nutritional status.Results: Increasing body mass index of mothers and wealth index shows decreasing likelihood of malnutrition among children. Rural children show insignificant higher likelihood of different forms of underweight and wasting as compared to urban area. Frequency of listening radio does not show significant association in case of mild and moderate wasting and shown very high unusual odds ratio in case of severe wasting.  Similarly, lower frequency of watching television also does not show significantly higher likeliness of different form of stunting, underweight and wasting. Female children are more likely to be stunted, underweight and wasted as compared to male. Female headed households are more likely to have moderately and mildly stunted children and mixed results are observed for underweight and wasting. The likelihood for all forms of malnutrition is higher among children with smaller than average size at birth as compared to average or bigger size at birth.  Mixed results are observed regarding likelihood of different forms of malnutrition among children with mothers having different educational level.Conclusion: Body mass index of mothers is found significant variable while explaining children's nutritional status. Similarly, Size at birth is significantly associated with nutrition during the childhood.Keywords: Stunting; wasting; under weight; under five childrenDOI: 10.3126/ajms.v1i1.2927Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.1(1) 2010 p.6-8

scholarly journals Stunting in children under five years old is still a health problem in the Western Brazilian Amazon: a population-based study in Assis Brasil, Acre, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2257-2266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saulo Augusto Silva Mantovani ◽  
Alanderson Alves Ramalho ◽  
Thasciany Moraes Pereira ◽  
Fernando Luiz Cunha Castelo Branco ◽  
Humberto Oliart-Guzmán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Population Based ◽  
World Health ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Despite the process of nutritional transition in Brazil, in some places, such as the Amazon region, stunting is still an important public health problem. We identified the prevalence and factors associated with stunting in children under five years old residing in the urban area of Assis Brasil. A survey was conducted in which a questionnaire on socioeconomic, maternal and children’s conditions was applied, and height or length was measured. The children with height for age index below -2 Z-scores were considered stunted, according to the criteria by the World Health Organization. Four hundred and twenty-eight children were evaluated. Of these, 62 were stunted. Factors associated with stunting, according to adjusted models, were: the presence of open sewer, the wealth index for households, the receipt of governmental financial aid and the mother’s height, age and education. Therefore, it was observed that family and the mother’s characteristics as well as environmental and socioeconomic factors were closely related to the occurrence of stunting in the population studied, and such nutritional disturbance is still a health problem in the Brazilian Amazon.

scholarly journals Stunting Diagnostic and Awareness: Impact assessment study of sociodemographic factors of stunting among school-going children of Pakistan (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahvish Ponum ◽  
Saadia Khan ◽  
Osman Hasan ◽  
Muhammad Tahir Mahmood ◽  
Asad Abbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
P Value ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Study Results

BACKGROUND Stunting is a major public health issue in most of developing countries. Although, its worldwide prevalence is decreasing slowly but the number of stunted children is still rising in Pakistan. Stunting is highly associated with several long-term consequences, including higher rate of mortality and morbidity, deficient cognitive growth, school performance, learning capacity, work capacity and work productivity. To prevent stunting, we proposed Stunting Diagnostic and Education app. This app includes detailed knowledge of stunting and it’s all forms, symptoms, causes, video tutorials and guidelines by the Pediatricians and Nutritionists. OBJECTIVE The aim and objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of stunting in school-going children in Multan District of Punjab Pakistan and to analyze the risk factors associated with stunting in children under and over 5 age. This study presents Stunting Diagnostic and Education app to prevent the stunting in children under 5 age and children over 5 age (where required). METHODS A cross-sectional study has been conducted in schools of Multan District, Pakistan for the period of January 2019 to June 2019. Sample data of 1420 children, aged 4 to 18 years using three age groups, were analyzed by using SPSS version 21.0 to assess the prevalence of stunting and to analyze the main factors associated with it. Chi square test was applied in comparison with rural and urban participants and p-value <0.05 was considered as significant. This study includes distribution of sociodemographic characteristics, parental education, working status of mothers, dietary patterns of school going children and prevalence of stunting in school going children. After getting study results, Stunting Diagnostic and Education app was developed according to the instructions of child experts and nutritionists. RESULTS 354 (24.93%) participants were stunted out of 1420, 11.9 % children were obese and 63.17% children were normal. Out of 354 stunted children, higher ratio of stunting was found in the age group of 8-11 years children with 51.98 percentage. 37.85% stunted children were found in the age group of 4-7 years and 10.17% stunting was found in the age group of 12-18 years children. It was observed in the study that male children were highly stunted than female with 57.91 % and 42.09% respectively. Children living in rural areas were more stunted affected as compared to the children living in urban society with percentage 58.76 and 41.24 respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our study concluded that 24.93% children were stunted, out of which, age group of 8-11 years children were highly stunted. The study showed that the literacy of mother or caregiver had high impact on children’s health. Therefore, Stunting Diagnostic and Education app was developed to educate mothers to prevent stunting.

scholarly journals Spatial Prevalence and Determinants of Malaria among under-five Children in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bedilu Alamirie Ejigu ◽  
Eshetu Wencheko
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Malaria Prevalence ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children

AbstractIn Ghana malaria is an endemic disease and the incidence of malaria still accounts for 38.0% of all outpatient attendance with the most vulnerable groups being children under 5 years of age. In order to alleviate this problem, it is essential to design geographically targeted and cost-effective intervention mechanisms guided by up-to-date and reliable data and maps that show the spatial prevalence of the disease. The 2016 Ghana Malaria Indicator Survey data (N = 2,910 under-five children) were analyzed using model-based geostatistical methods with the two objectives to: (1) explore individual-, household-, and community-level determinant variables associated with malaria illness in U5 children, and (2) produce prevalence maps of malaria across the study locations in the country. The overall weighted prevalence of malaria by microscopy blood smear and rapid diagnostic tests were 20.63% (with 95% CI: 18.85% - 22.53%) and 27.82% (with 95% CI: 25.81% - 29.91%), respectively. Across regions of Ghana, the prevalence of malaria ranges from 5% in Greater Accra to 31% in Eastern region. Malaria prevalence was higher in rural areas, increased with child age, and decreased with better household wealth index and higher level of mother’s education. Given the high prevalence of childhood malaria observed in Ghana, there is an urgent need for effective and efficient public health interventions in hot spot areas. The determinant variables of malaria infection that have been identified in this study as well as the maps of parasitaemia risk could be used in malaria control program implementation to define priority intervention areas.

scholarly journals Trends and Predictors of underweight among under-five children in Ethiopia, based on Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2005 -2016. Multivariable Decomposition analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilahun Yemanu Birhan ◽  
Dessie Abebaw Angaw
Keyword(s):  
Parental Education ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding

Abstract Background Underweight is one of the paramount major worldwide health problems, and it touches a large number of population from infancy to old age. This study aimed to analyze the trends and predictors of change in underweight among under-five children in Ethiopia Method The data for this study were accessed from three Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys data set 2005, 2011 and 2016. The trend was examined separately for the periods 2005–2011, 2005-2016, and 2011-2016. Multivariate decomposition analysis of change in underweight was employed to answer the major research question of this study. The technique employed the output from the logistic regression model to parcel out the observed difference in underweight into components, and STATA 14 was utilized for data management and analysis. Result Among children in Ethiopia the prevalence of underweight declined from 38% in 2005 to 25% in 2016. The decomposition analysis indicated that almost half of the overall change in underweight was due to difference in characteristics. Change in the composition of parental education, wealth index, duration of breastfeeding, respondents’ occupation, was the major contributor for the decline of underweight, while the age of child and presence of diarrhea were contributors for the rise of underweight in Ethiopia. Conclusion underweight shows a remarkable decline over the last decades in Ethiopia. Change in composition of Birth size, duration of breastfeeding, household wealth quantile (richer) and husband/partner primary education are attributable to the decline of underweight.

scholarly journals Risk Factors Associated with Under-Five Stunting, Wasting, and Underweight Based on Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey Datasets in Tigray Region, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berhanu Teshome Woldeamanuel ◽  
Tigist Tigabie Tesfaye
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Tigray Region

Background. Stunting, wasting, and underweight among children are major problems in most regions of Ethiopia, including the Tigray region. The main objective of this study was to assess the risk factors associated with stunting, wasting, and underweight of children in the Tigray region. Methods. The information collected from 1077 children born 5 years before the survey was considered in the analysis. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was fitted to identify significant risk factors associated with stunting, wasting, and underweight. Results. Male children and rural born were having a higher burden of both severe and moderate stunting, wasting, and underweight than females and urban born. Among male children, 27.6%, 4.10%, and 14.2% of them were stunted, wasted, and underweight, respectively. Protected drinking water (odds ratio (OR) = 0.68; 95% confidence interval (CI): (0.50, 0.92)) was associated with stunting. Maternal age at birth less than 20 years (OR = 0.66; 95% CI: (0.45, 0.97)) and being male (OR = 2.04; 95% CI: (1.13, 3.68)) were associated with high risk of underweight. No antenatal care follow-up (OR = 2.20; 95% CI: (1.04, 4.64)) was associated with wasting, while the poor wealth index, diarrhea, low weight at birth (<2.5 kg), lower age of a child, and 3 or more under-five children in a household were significantly associated with stunting, wasting, and underweight. Conclusions. Being born in rural, being male, unprotected drinking water, smaller weight at birth, no antenatal follow-ups, diarrhea, and poor household wealth were factors associated with increased stunting, wasting, and underweight. Thus, interventions that focus on utilization of antenatal care services, improving household wealth, and improving access to protected drinking water were required by policymakers to decrease stunting, wasting, and underweight more rapidly.

scholarly journals Modeling non-Gaussian data analysis on determinants of underweight among under five children in rural Ethiopia: Ethiopian demographic and health survey 2016 evidences

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0251239
Author(s):  
Sara Abera Bekele ◽  
Moges Zerihun Fetene
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Rural Ethiopia ◽  
Under Nutrition ◽  
Non Gaussian ◽  
Gaussian Data

Background Childhood under-nutrition is a major global health problem. Although the rate of under-nutrition in Ethiopia has declined in the last decade, but it still remains being the major causes of morbidity and mortality of children under-five years. The problem is even worse in rural areas. The prevalence of underweight among rural children was 25% compared with 13% among urban children. To alleviate this problem, it is necessary to determine the magnitude and determinants of underweight. The study models non-Gaussian data analysis to identify risk factors associated with underweight among under-five children in rural Ethiopia. Methodology The data source for this study was secondary data, which was retrieved from EDHS 2016 database. It was analyzed using two model families; one with marginal models (GEE and ALR) in which responses are modeled and marginalized overall other responses, and the other is random effects model (GLMM) which is useful when the interest of the analyst lies in the individual’s response profiles as well as to evaluate within and between regional variations of underweight. Result From fitting non-Gaussian data analysis to identify risk factors associated with underweight among under five children in rural Ethiopia, the independent variable which have significant effect on underweight were:—Age of child, birth interval, mothers education, fathers education, wealth index, diarrhea in last two weeks, fever in last two weeks are significant and also father’s work status shows that difference in significance among the category. Conclusion Child age, preceding birth interval, mother’s education, household’s wealth index, fever, diarrhea, father’s education and father’s work status were associated with child underweight. Furthermore, there is both within and between regional heterogeneity of underweight among children in rural Ethiopia. Therefore, rigorous community-based interventions (such as uplifting mother’s education by providing formal education and preventing infectious diseases that cause diarrhea and fever) should be developed and executed throughout the country to improve this grave situation of underweight prevalence in rural areas of Ethiopia.

scholarly journals Changes in socio-economic inequality in nutritional status among children in EAG states, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Rajeev Kumar ◽  
Balram Paswan
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequality ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Mother’S Education ◽  
Eag States ◽  
Mother's Education

Abstract Objective The primary purpose of this study is to examine changes in socioeconomic inequality in nutritional status (stunting and underweight) among children in Empowered Action Group (EAG) states. Design The study is based on the most recent two wave’s cross-sectional data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) conducted in 2005-06 (NFHS-3) and 2015-16 (NFHS-4). The study used height-for-age (stunting) and weight-for-age (underweight) of children as anthropometric indicators. Setting EAG states including Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, and Uttar Pradesh in India Participants The study includes a total of 11858 (NFHS-3) and 92630 (NFHS-4) children under five years Result The socioeconomic inequality in stunting remained unchanged in all EAG states. At the same time, the inequality in underweight decreased during 2005-2016. On decomposing, the factors contributing to socioeconomic inequality revealed that household wealth index, mother’s education, and mother’s nutritional status were the largest contributors to stunting (47%, 24%, and 8%) and underweight (51%, 21%, and 16%) respectively in 2015-16. Conclusion The study concluded the socioeconomic inequality in underweight among children under five years increased over the years in EAG states in India. Altogether, household wealth index, mother’s education, and mother’s nutritional status contributed to nearly 80% to inequality in stunting and 90% to inequality in underweight in 2015-16. Hence, efforts should be made to minimize the socioeconomic inequality in the nutritional status of children, particularly in EAG states in India.

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