scholarly journals Morphometric characteristics of sheep and goat fed silage comprising of cassava peel, gamba grass and Mexican sunflower

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 216-223
Author(s):  
Ayoola J. Shoyombo ◽  
◽  
Mustapha A. Popoola ◽  
Ake A. Moses ◽  
Olayinka O. Alabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Neck Circumference ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Morphometric Traits ◽  
Andropogon Gayanus ◽  
Indigenous Goat ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cassava Peel ◽  
Better Than

The constant demand for less expensive and more easily available alternative feed sources for animal production is on the increase. This is particularly true in the tropics, where feed availability varies according to the season. Based on this necessity, this study aims to evaluate the impact of feeding silage to sheep and goats on growth and development. A total of 22 animals comprising of 11 Yankassa breed and 11 West African Dwarf breed were used for the study. The animals were confined and allowed to acclimatize to the environment for about 14 to 21 days, followed by 5 weeks of study. The forage used for silage was Gamba grass (Andropogon gayanus) and Mexican sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia) mixed with equal amounts of cassava peel and molasses in different proportions for three different treatments. Body length, neck circumference, height at withers, heart girth, and body weight were significantly higher (p<0.05) in animals fed T3 diets compared to all other diets, while animals on the T2 diet had higher ear length than T3. Except for neck circumference, ear length, and bodyweight of animals raised on diet T1 and the control group were statistically similar, all the test groups were significantly better than the control group in terms of performance. The highest body weight of 16.74 kg was recorded in T3, followed by 15.97 kg in T2, 12.12 kg in T1, and the least value of 10.09 kg in the control group. No apparent adverse effects were noted in the feeding of silage to the animals as the animals were healthy throughout the duration of the study. More research on the use of silage in feeding indigenous goat and sheep breeds is needed to further understand the impact of silage on animal performance and morphometric traits.

scholarly journals The Use of Telehealth Technology in Assessing the Accuracy of Self-Reported Weight and the Impact of a Daily Immediate-Feedback Intervention among Obese Employees

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolaas P. Pronk ◽  
A. Lauren Crain ◽  
Jeffrey J. VanWormer ◽  
Brian C. Martinson ◽  
Jackie L. Boucher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immediate Feedback ◽  
The Impact

Objective.To determine the accuracy of self-reported body weight prior to and following a weight loss intervention including daily self-weighing among obese employees.Methods.As part of a 6-month randomized controlled trial including a no-treatment control group, an intervention group received a series of coaching calls, daily self-weighing, and interactive telemonitoring. The primary outcome variable was the absolute discrepancy between self-reported and measured body weight at baseline and at 6 months. We used general linear mixed model regression to estimate changes and differences between study groups over time.Results.At baseline, study participants underreported their weight by an average of 2.06 (se=0.33) lbs. The intervention group self-reported a smaller absolute body weight discrepancy at followup than the control group.Conclusions.The discrepancy between self-reported and measured body weight appears to be relatively small, may be improved through daily self-monitoring using immediate-feedback telehealth technology, and negligibly impacts change in body weight.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF TRANSLANGUAGING APPROACH ON TEACHING ARABIC READING IN A MULTILINGUAL CLASSROOM

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saidna Zulfiqar Bin-Tahir ◽  
Ummu Saidah ◽  
Nuril Mufidah ◽  
Riki Bugis
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Education Department ◽  
Written Test ◽  
Multilingual Classroom ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

 The study aimed at measuring the effect of translanguaging approach in teaching Arabic reading comprehension to the second semester students of Indonesian Education Department, Universitas Iqra Buru. 64 students involved as the participants through simple random sampling technique. 32 students participated in each of the experimental and control group. The researchers used reading test of written test to obtain information about the students’ achievemnt in reading on the use of translanguaging approach and it was distributed to the respondents after the last treatment given. To find out the mean score, standard deviation and the t-test value between the pretest and the posttest the researchers used the SPSS 17 program. The researchers found that the use of translanguaging approach in learning Arabic reading comprehension improves the students’ ability of Arabic reading comprehension is better than the conventional method.

Abstract 1818: Beneficial Effects of Weight Loss Associated with a High Protein Diet on Cardiovascular Risk Profile, Functional Status and Quality of Life in Obese Heart Failure Patients: A Feasibility Study

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorraine S Evangelista ◽  
David Heber ◽  
Zhaoping Li ◽  
Michele Hamilton ◽  
Gregg C Fonarow
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVE: Clinical management of chronic heart failure (HF) related to adequate nutritional intake currently lacks a strong scientific basis. This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of 3 diet interventions on body weight and its potential to reduce cardiovascular risks and improve functional status. METHOD: Fourteen obese HF patients (BMI > 27 kg/m2) were randomized to1 of 3 diets: high protein (HP); low fat (LF) or average diet/control group (CG). Body anthropometrics (weight, BMI, waist circumference), indices of cardiovascular risks including (% body fat, blood pressure, cholesterol, triglycerides), and measures of functional status (6-minute walk, max VO2) were obtained at baseline and after a 12-week nutritional support program. Statistics included two-way RMANOVA. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in age (59±10 years), gender (78% male), NYHA (43% class II; 57% class III), HF etiology (57% non-ischemic), or ejection fraction (0.26±0.07) between the groups. The HP diet resulted in moderate reductions in body weight (Figure ) and improvements in several health parameters (Table ). CONCLUSION: The data show that in a small group of obese HF patients, a 12-week HP diet resulted in moderate weight loss that was associated with reduced cardiovascular risks and better functional status. However, the long-term effects of a HP diet remain uncertain. Figure Comparison of Weight Changes in the HP, LF and CG from Baseline to 12 Weeks Mean changes in outcomes from baseline to 12 weeks, by diet group and time

scholarly journals Combined effect of glyphosphate, saccharin and sodium benzoate on rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Lieshchova ◽  
N. M. Tishkina ◽  
A. A. Bohomaz ◽  
P. M. Gavrilin ◽  
V. V. Brygadyrenko
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sodium Benzoate ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Relative Mass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Expiry Date ◽  
The Impact

Herbicides and food additives are included in many food products for humans. Non-used products or products beyond their expiry date are deposited in places of utilizatioin of solid municipal wastes, where they can take effects on the organisms of mouse-like rodents. Among the herbicides, glyphosphate takes first place in the world for volume of production, and is the most intensely used in agricultural farming. The discussion about negative impact on the organisms of mammals, especially against the background of using various substances and environmental factors, continues. In this study, we determined the combined effect of glyphosphate and food additives on the organism of laboratory animals, which manifested in changes in body weight, condition and indices of mass of the internal organs and blood parameters. Four groups of laboratory male rats were formed, which over 42 days received: unlimited access to clean water; 1% aqueous solution of glyphosate; 1% solution of glyphosphate and 1% solution sodium benzoate; 1% solution of glyphosphate with 1% solution of saccharin. Glyphosphate and glyphosphate with sodium benzoate and saccharin significantly reduced the daily increases in body weight of animals compared to the control group. The studied substances have notable suppressive effect on the immune system and haematopoiesis in general, which is manifested in reduce of relative mass of the thymus and spleen against the background of increase in the amount of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood. The inhibition of haematopoiesis is indicated by decrease in the amount of erythrocytes, neurophils and hemoglobin of blood of animals from the experimental groups. The impact on the digestive system of glyphosphate and food additives is indicated by occurance of the effect of “irritation” of mucous membranes, and, as a result, disorders in absorption followed by the disorder in metabolic processes. A dysbalance occurs in enzymic systems of the organism, which is manifested in distrophic processes, especially in the liver parenchyma, indicated by the activity of blood enzymes (ALT, AST, alkaline phosphatase), total number and ratio of proteins of blood plasma. We determined the impact of glyphosphate and its mixes with benzoate and saccharin on the pancreas, which manifests in severe pancreatitis with steep increase in the level of glucose of blood. The results of the study allow us to state that mixture of glyphosphate and food additives can cause toxic effect in animals and humans, which often contact with herbicides.

scholarly journals The impact of bio-logging on body weight change of the Eurasian beaver

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261453
Author(s):  
Christian Andre Robstad ◽  
Hanna Kavli Lodberg-Holm ◽  
Martin Mayer ◽  
Frank Rosell
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large Individual ◽  
Body Weight Change ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact

Bio-logging is a common method to collect ecological data on wild animals, but might also induce stress, reduce body condition, and alter behavior. Eurasian beavers (Castor fiber) are a semi-aquatic and nocturnal species that are challenging to observe in the wild. Bio-loggers are hence useful tools to study their behaviour and movements, but this raises concerns of potential negative impacts of tagging. To investigate the potential negative impacts of glue-on tags, we compared body weight change for tagged and untagged Eurasian beavers. We hypothesized that tagged beavers would gain less body weight compared to untagged beavers, and that weight change might be affected by tagging length, tag weight, water temperature and the season of tagging. Daily percentage body weight change in relation to initial body weight during the first capture was compared during 57 tagging periods (18±7 days) and 32 controls periods (64±47 days). Body weight change varied between the two groups, with untagged beavers on average gaining daily weight whilst tagged beavers on average lost weight daily, indicating a negative effect of tagging. The average reduction in percentage body weight change per day for tagged beavers was small (0.1 ± 0.3%), and with large individual variation. Neither tag weight, number of tagging days, nor season were important in explaining body weight change of tagged animals. In other words, we found that tagging reduced daily body weight during the tagging period but were unable to determine the mechanism(s) responsible for this decline. Detrimental effects of tagging have important implications for animal welfare and can introduce bias in data that are collected. This calls for careful consideration in the use of tags. We conclude that studies investigating the effects of tagging should consider individual variation in the effects of tagging and, where possible, compare tagged animals with a control group.

scholarly journals The impact of cognitive restructuring and self-compassion strategies on negative body image among women with higher body weight: an experimental investigation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Alysha David
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Cognitive Restructuring ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Negative Body Image ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
The Impact

Individuals with higher body weight are at a greater risk of having negative body image (Friedman & Brownell, 1995). Yet current body image interventions, such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), are largely tested with individuals with normal weight or individuals with eating disorders. Furthermore, cognitive restructuring, one of the key components of CBT for body image (Alleva et al., 2015), relies on the assumption that negative cognitions or appraisals regarding the body are unbalanced or distorted in some way. However, people with higher body weight are 50% more likely to experience major discrimination based on their weight status and thus may possess some “evidence” from lived experience of weight bias that would lend support to their negative body-related thoughts (Puhl & Brownell, 2001; 2006). The use of compassion-focused approaches might be particularly helpful in overcoming these obstacles. Self-compassion refers to the capacity for mindfully reflecting on one’s own perceived flaws, mistakes, or wrongdoings with kindness and with an appreciation for the inherent imperfection in everyone (Neff, 2013). The present study tested the impact of various thinking strategies for managing negative body image in women with higher body weight after getting on the scale, a commonly distressing body image trigger (Ogden & Evans, 1996). Participants (N = 79) were recruited from the community and screened for moderate body dissatisfaction. They were randomly assigned to receive a single training session in cognitive restructuring (CR), self-compassion (SC), or distraction (Control) strategies after being weighed. Participants in all three of the groups reported improvements in body dissatisfaction and negative affect immediately following the training. Relative to those in the Control group, those participants who received training in CR or SC strategies reported greater improvements in body image, body image flexibility, self-compassion, and cognitive distortions one week after the training. These findings suggest that CR and SC strategies may be helpful in improving the distress associated with being weighed among women with higher body weight. The results may have broader implications for the development of psychosocial interventions focused on improving body image among these individuals.

scholarly journals Effect of the dietary inclusion of the growth promoter avoparcin on the performance and carcass characteristics of growing goat kids

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
V. A. BABIDIS (Β. Μ. ΜΠΑΜΠΙΔΗΣ) ◽  
P. FLOROU-PANERI (Π. ΦΛΩΡΟΥ-ΠΑΝΕΡΗ) ◽  
D. KUFIDIS (Δ. ΚΟΥΦΙΔΗΣ) ◽  
A. B. SPAIS (A.B. ΣΠΑΗΣ)
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Spleen Weight ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Indigenous Goat

A trial was conducted with 32 indigenous goat kids (Capra prisca) 8,5 weeks old to examine the effectiveness of dietary avoparcin as growth promoting factor. The kids were randomly allocated into two groups (control- and avoparcin group with initial mean body weight of 11,61 ±1,16 kg and 11,57±1,47 kg, respectively) comprising of 16 kids (8 male and 8 female) each. For a period of 12 weeks, kids in the control group were given lucerne (alfalfa) hay (mean daily consumption 170 g/head) and an appropriate compound diet (given ad libitum), while kids in the avoparcin group were fed the same diet except that the compound diet was supplemented with avoparcin (20 mg/kg). Avoparcin supplementation significantly (P<0.05) improved final mean body weight by 10.57% (19.24 ± 2.33 kg vs. 17.40 ± 2.30 kg), body weight gain (BWG) by 32.30% (7.66 ± 1.42 kg vs. 5.79 ± 1.74 kg), mean daily feed consumption in dry matter basis (DM) by 14.24% (551.80 ± 31.60 g DM vs. 483.02 ± 28.94 g DM), feed conversion ratio by 13.62% (6.09 ± 0.47 kg DM consumption/kg BWG vs. 7.05 ± 0.56 kg DM consumption/kg BWG) and carcass weight by 14.86% (11.44 ± 1.48 kg vs. 9.96 ± 1.76 kg). Moreover, no significant differences (P>0.05) were noticed neither in carcass yield and carcass chemical composition nor in percentages of small intestine-, major omentum-, lung-,heart-, liver- and spleen weight in the body weight.

scholarly journals Effects of eating with an augmented fork with vibrotactile feedback on eating rate and body weight: a randomized controlled trial

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sander Hermsen ◽  
Monica Mars ◽  
Suzanne Higgs ◽  
Jeana Frost ◽  
Roel Hermans
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Eating Rate ◽  
Vibrotactile Feedback ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Success Ratio ◽  
Bite Rate ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundEating rate is a basic determinant of appetite regulation: people who eat more slowly feel sated earlier and eat less. A high eating rate contributes to overeating and potentially to weight gain. Previous studies showed that an augmented fork that delivers real-time feedback on eating rate is a potentially effective intervention to decrease eating rate in naturalistic settings. This study assessed the impact of using the augmented fork during a 15-week period on eating rate and body weight.MethodsIn a parallel randomized controlled trial, 141 participants with overweight (age: 49.2 ± 12.3 y; BMI: 31.5 ± 4.48 kg/m2) were randomized to intervention groups (VFC, n = 51 or VFC+, n = 44) or control group (NFC, n = 46). First, we measured bite rate and success ratio on five consecutive days with the augmented fork without feedback (T1). The intervention groups (VFC, VFC+) then used the same fork, but now received vibrotactile feedback when they ate more than one bite per 10 s. Participants in VFC+ had additional access to a web portal with visual feedback. In the control group (NFC), participants ate with the fork without either feedback. The intervention period lasted four weeks, followed by a week of measurements only (T2) and another measurement week after eight weeks (T3). Body weight was assessed at T1, T2, and T3.ResultsParticipants in VFC and VFC+ had a lower bite rate (p &lt; .01) and higher success ratio (p &lt; .0001) than those in NFC at T2. This effect persisted at T3. In both intervention groups participants lost more weight than those in the control group at T2 (p &lt; .02), with no rebound at T3.ConclusionsThe findings of this study indicate that an augmented fork with vibrotactile feedback is a viable tool to reduce eating rate in naturalistic settings. Further investigation may confirm that the augmented fork could support long-term weight loss strategies.Trial registrationThe research reported in this manuscript was registered on 4 November 2015 in the Netherlands Trial Register with number NL5432 (https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/5432).

scholarly journals All-sky assimilation of infrared radiances sensitive to mid- and upper-tropospheric moisture and cloud

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 4903-4929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan J. Geer ◽  
Stefano Migliorini ◽  
Marco Matricardi
Keyword(s):  
Weather Forecasting ◽  
Deep Convection ◽  
Cloud Detection ◽  
Clear Sky ◽  
Atmospheric Sounding ◽  
Beneficial Impact ◽  
Infrared Radiances ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

Abstract. All-sky assimilation of infrared (IR) radiances has not yet become operational at any weather forecasting centre, but it promises to bring new observations in sensitive areas and avoid the need for cloud detection. A new all-sky IR configuration gives results comparable to (and in some areas better than) clear-sky assimilation of the same data, meaning that operational implementation is now feasible. The impact of seven upper-tropospheric water vapour (WV) sounding channels from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) is evaluated in both all-sky and clear-sky approaches. All-sky radiative transfer simulations (and the forecast model's cloud fields) are now sufficiently accurate that systematic errors are comparable to those of clear-sky assimilation outside of a few difficult areas such as deep convection. All-sky assimilation brings 65 % more data than clear-sky assimilation globally, with the biggest increases in midlatitude storm tracks and tropical convective areas. However, all-sky gives slightly less weight to any one observation than in the clear-sky approach. In the midlatitudes, all-sky and clear-sky assimilation have similarly beneficial impact on mid- and upper-tropospheric dynamical forecast fields. Here the addition of data in cloudy areas is offset by the slightly lower weight given to the observations. But in the tropics, all-sky assimilation is significantly more beneficial than clear-sky assimilation, with improved dynamical short-range forecasts throughout the troposphere and stratosphere.

The impact of 3-year and 4-year undergraduate programs on university students: the case of Hong Kong

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel T.L. Shek ◽  
Lu Yu
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
General Education ◽  
Youth Development ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Undergraduate Curriculum ◽  
Degree Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

Abstract The undergraduate curriculum structure in Hong Kong was changed from 3 years to 4 years starting from the 2012–2013 school year, with the extra year of study primarily devoted to general education study. At The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU), the General University Requirements (GUR) has been designed in response to this change. In this study, the question of whether the development of students in the 4-year program was better than that of the 3-year program was examined via a static group comparison design. The treatment group was Year 3 students of the 4-year undergraduate degree program (n=566) whereas the control group comprised Year 3 students of the 3-year degree program (n=290). Measures on empathy, positive youth development, and student engagement were used as indicators of student holistic development. While the mean age of students in the 3-year program was higher than that of the 4-year program, students in the 4-year program performed better than the students of the 3-year program on several indicators of desired graduate attributes. Bearing in mind the limitations of the static comparison group design, the present study provides support for the positive impact of GUR at PolyU on students of the 4-year undergraduate curriculum.

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