Nutritional profile and mineral composition of two edible mushroom varieties consumed and cultivated in Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 217-220
Author(s):  
Debendra Nath Roy ◽  
◽  
A. K. Azad ◽  
Farzana Sultana ◽  
A.S.M. Anisuzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Mushroom Species ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar

In this study we have evaluated the nutritional analysisand mineral content of two varieties of mushroom species include oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus) and Reshii (Ganoderma lucidum). The mushroom varieties were harvested and dried, then taken to the laboratory for proximate and mineral analysis by standard assay methods. For both mushrooms the nutritional composition was analyzed namely pH, moisture content, crude fibre, ash, water soluble protein, total lipid, total soluble sugar, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar and starch content. However ten mineral elements were analyzed: potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, sulfur, cupper, iron, manganese and zinc having no significance difference in values of both mushroom species. Based on the result these mushrooms have high nutrient potentials hence it will serve as a good means of reducing the incidence and high prevalence of malnutrition in Bangladesh since it is a cheap food source that is within the reach of the poor.

scholarly journals Studies on the Sugar Accumulation and Carbohydrate Splitting Enzyme Levels in Post Harvested and Cold Stored Potatoes

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 95-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Rezaul Karim ◽  
MMH Khan ◽  
Md Salim Uddin ◽  
NK Sana ◽  
F Nikkon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar

Significant differences were found in sugar content and carbohydrate splitting enzyme activities in tubers of ten indigenous potato varieties at harvesting and after keeping at cold storage. The activities of invertase, amylase, β-galactosidase and cellulase in all varieties were found to be increased by 2-12, 1.2-4, 1.9-4.5, and 1.1-3.7 folds, respectively from harvesting to cold stored potatoes. The amount of starch and sucrose were found to be decreased by 1.15-2.8 and 1.02-1.4 folds, respectively from harvesting to cold stored in all varieties. Total soluble sugar and reducing sugar contents in potatoes were increased by 1.02-1.4 and 4-11 folds, respectively from harvesting to cold stored in all varieties of potatoes. The amount of reducing sugar increased in cold stored potatoes due to the increased activities of carbohydrate splitting enzymes. Key words: Potatoes, Indigenous, Carbohydrate splitting enzymes, Sugars. DOI:10.3329/jbs.v16i0.3748 J. bio-sci. 16: 95-99, 2008

scholarly journals Biochemical and phytochemical evaluation of Stevia rebaudiana

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Moniruzzaman Sohag Howlader ◽  
Sheikh Rashel Ahmed ◽  
Khadizatul Kubra ◽  
Md Khairul Hassan Bhuiyan
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar

The present study was aimed to evaluate biochemical and phytotochemical of dry leaves of Stevia rebaudiana. Biochemical analysis indicated that Stevia leaves are a good source of carbohydrate and reducing sugar. Different extraction methods were used to prepare four different dry extracts (Extract A, B, C, D). Total soluble sugars and reducing sugars were analyzed for these four dry extracts and commercial Stevia powder. The highest amount of total soluble sugar (477 mg sugar g-1 dry extract) was obtained from extract C and higher amount of reducing sugar (82 mg g-1 dry extract) was obtained from extract D among the extracts. But commercial Stevia powder showed higher total soluble sugar content (754 mg g-1 dry powder) and highest amount of reducing sugar (98 mg g-1 dry extract) than all the extracted dry samples. The extraction process of dry extract C was feasible for the extraction of total soluble sugar. For the phytochemical screening, crude extract was tested for the presence of different chemical groups and presence of alkaloids, phenolic compounds, steroids, tannins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides and saponins that were identified. The highest amount of total phenolic compounds (92 mg) was recorded from methanolic extract of extraction B. The lowest amount of total phenolic compounds (36 mg) was recorded in ethanolic extract of extraction A. So, Methanol proved as best solvent to extract increased quantity of total phenolic compounds than other solvents.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2016, 2(1): 121-130

scholarly journals Changes in contents of some chemical compositions and activities of Hydrolytic and Oxidative Enzymes of Coccinia cordifolia l. fruits

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Ayesha Siddika ◽  
Md Ashraduzzaman ◽  
Shahanaz Khatun ◽  
MMH Khan ◽  
Farzana Pervin
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Spectroscopic Method ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Chemical Compositions

Context: Coccinia Cordifolia Lin. is an important tropical vegetable and it belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family. The fruits of C. cordifolia as a rich source of different nutrients were analyzed. Objective: Studies were conducted to investigate the changes of nutritional compositions and hydrolytic and oxidative enzymes of C. cordifolia fruits at different maturity levels. Materials and Methods: The pH was measured by pH meter. The moisture and ash contents were determined by the method of AOAC. Total and water-soluble proteins were determined by the micro- Kjeldhal method and spectrophotometrically respectively. Lipid contents were determined by Bligh and Dyer. Total sugar and starch content were estimated by Anthrone method. Thiamin and riboflavin were estimated by Anonymous and ?-carotene was estimated by Jensen. Vitamin-C content was determined by the titrimetric method. Calcium, iron, sodium, potassium, cupper and magnesium content were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopic method. Phosphorus was determined by colorimetric means. The protease and amylase activity were measured by Kunitz and Jayaraman respectively. Invertase activity was assayed by Mahadevan and Sridhar. Results: The pH was acidic. The moisture content decreased and ash content increased with age. Protein, total sugar, reducing sugar, lipid and vitamin contents increased rapidly while starch content decreased with maturation. Mineral contents increased up to the mature stage and decreased in ripen stage. The activity of amylase and invertase increased up to mature and thereafter decreased. Polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity were high in immature stage but decreased in matured stage and thereafter increased in ripen stage while the activity of protease and lipase increased all the maturity stage. Conclusion: In this study, ripen C. cordifolia fruits contained the highest amount of protein, total sugar, reducing sugar, ?-Carotene, vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and vitamin C whereas matured and immatured C. cordifolia fruits are rich sources of minerals and starch respectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v21i0.22517 J. bio-sci. 21: 35-41, 2013

Effect of Mechanical Damages and Storage Conditions on Quality of Markies cv. Potatoes for Processing

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Dreice Nascimento Gonçalves ◽  
Luciana Gomes Soares ◽  
Ariana Mota Pereira ◽  
Paula Acácia Silva Ramos ◽  
Maria Eduarda Da Silva Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
And Control ◽  
And Storage

Aims: Evaluate whether mechanical damage and storage conditions affect the quality of the ‘Markies’ potato for processing. Study Design: The experimental design was the completely randomized, in the scheme of split-plots. The plots were composed of treatments with and without mechanical damage and the subplots were made up by the evaluation times, with 5 replicates, where the experimental unit was composed of 2 tubers. Place and Duration of Study: Tubers of the ‘Markies’ cultivar from the producing region of Perdizes, State of Minas Gerais, were planted in June 2016 and harvested in October 2016. Methodology: The tubers were stored for 2 months at 8°C, and further divided into treatment with damage, in which the tubers were subjected to impact and abrasion; and control treatment, in which the tubers were not damaged. After that, they were stored at 28°C and evaluated for their loss of loss of accumulated fresh mass (FML), total soluble sugar (TSS), reducing sugar (RS), non-reducing sugar (NRS) and color after frying in the periods of 0, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h after being placed at room temperature. Results: The mechanical damage in the tubers increased FML, however, it did not affect the content of TSS, NRS, RS and color after frying. Increases were observed in the content of TSS and NRS after 12 h of evaluation. Grade 2 was assigned to the coloring scale after frying for the tubers regardless of treatment or evaluation period. Conclusion: Mechanical damage increases the FML and the ‘Markies’ cultivar is suitable for the industry of pre-fried potato processing even under the occurrence of mechanical damage and exposure to high temperatures.

Nutritional composition of fruit of four date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)cultivars grown in Haryana, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinita Vinita ◽  
Darshan Punia
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Soluble Dietary Fiber ◽  
Total Dietary Fiber ◽  
Date Fruit

The present investigation was conducted to evaluate the nutrient composition of four varieties of date fruit. The results of the study indicated that the variety Shamran had highest protein (2.77%) content and the variety Medjool the lowest (1.88%). Fat and crude fibre contents of date fruit varieties ranged from 0.17 to 0.50% and 1.71 to 2.22%, respectively. The variety Medjool had lowest amount of total soluble sugars (67.49g/100g) and reducing sugar (61.31g/100g). All the varieties of date fruit differed non-significantly among themselves for their non- reducing sugar content. The variety Khadrawi had the highest amount of starch content. Total dietary fiber (11.70g/100g) and soluble dietary fiber (3.34g/100g) were highest in variety Hillawi. All the four varieties of date fruit differed significantly from each other for their total dietary fiber content and soluble dietary fiber content. The varieties Khadrawi (8.46%), Hillawi (8.35%) and Shamran (7.94%) had significantly (p£ 0.05) higher insoluble dietary fiber as compared to variety Medjool (4.25%). The variety Shamran had highest amount of calcium (195.33mg/100g) and zinc (1.81mg/100g). The variety Medjool contained lowest amount of calcium (70.33mg/100g), iron (1.91mg/100g) and potassium (713mg/100g) while the highest amount of phosphorus (52.66mg/100g). A non-significant (p£0.05) difference was observed in magnesium content of all the varieties. Polyphenol content of date fruits from different varieties ranged from 228.79 to 253.21 mg/100g.

scholarly journals Genotype-Site Interactions in Growth, Physiological and Biochemical Parameters in Clones of Dalbergia Sissoo Roxb

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Rawat ◽  
S. Nautiyal
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Dalbergia Sissoo ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Diameter Increment ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Summary A plantation trial of six selected clones of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. laid out in randomized block design at four sites in northern India during July, 1996 was evaluated for growth, physiological and biochemical parameters. Genotype-site interactions were significant for collar diameter increment, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic pigments, total soluble protein, total soluble sugar and starch content at 5 per cent level of significance. The variability estimates for these characters also indicated strong genetic control than the environment. However, stomatal conductance amongst these clones exhibited strong influence of environment that was non-additive in nature.

scholarly journals Flowering, fruiting and physiology of apple tree under different irrigation levels in the Brazilian semiarid region

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cíntia Martins De Oliveira ◽  
Welson Lima Simões ◽  
Paulo Roberto Coelho Lopes ◽  
José Bezerra Da Silva ◽  
Emanoel Jurema Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Apple Tree ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
Opposite Behavior ◽  
Irrigation Levels

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different irrigation levels on flowering, fruit set, carbohydrate and protein content and gas exchange, of apple varietiesin the Brazilian semiarid region. The experimental design was a randomized block with split plots with five replications and four plot irrigation levels (60, 80, 100, and 120% of the reference evapotranspiration (ETo)) and the subplots with two cultivars (Juliet and Princess). As a result, it was found that the number of flowers (NFL), fruits (NFR), shoot percentage (SP) and fruit set (FS) were higher in cv. Juliet. The number of buds (NB) and the fertility index (FI) were higher in cv. Princess. With regard to metabolites, reducing sugar content (RS) had no significant effect among cultivars. The non-reducing sugar content (NRS), total soluble sugar (TSS) and total soluble proteins (TSP) were higher in cv. Princess. As for irrigation depths, TSP, sprouting, flowering and fruit set increased along with the amount of water applied, while the RS, NRS and TSS contents had the opposite behavior.

scholarly journals QUALITY CHARACTERISTIS OF FRUITS AND OILS OF PALMS NATIVE TO THE BRAZILIAN AMAZON

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (spe) ◽  
Author(s):  
MARY DE FÁTIMA GUEDES DOS SANTOS ◽  
RICARDO ELESBÃO ALVES ◽  
EDY SOUSA DE BRITO ◽  
SILVANDA DE MELO SILVA ◽  
MARCIA RÉGIA SOUZA DA SILVEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Edible Portion ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Palm Trees

ABSTRACT Native palm trees are highly important plant resources for the Amazon region; however, despite the great diversity and utilities, few species have been studied, requiring more comprehensive studies on quality and composition for species not yet explored. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of fruits and oils of palm trees from the Brazilian Amazon and to identify potential uses. Fruits from five palm trees (bacaba, buriti, inajá, pupunha, and tucumã) were evaluated for total mass, length, diameter, and yield, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), pH, SS/TA ratio, total soluble sugar (TSS), reducing sugar (RS), total pectin (TP) soluble pectin (SP), and starch. The oils from the edible portion of fruits were evaluated for acidity and peroxide indexes, oxidative stability, unsaponifiable matter, polar compounds and fatty acids composition analyzed by gas chromatography. Pupunha showed the highest yield of the edible portion (76.38%) and starch content (24.89%). The mesocarp of palm fruits showed SS values between 7.5 and 14.3 ºBrix, low acidity (0.30%), pH (4.2 to 6.3), higher content of total sugars in tucuma and reducing sugars in bacaba and 0.81% for total pectin. The content of lipids was high, ranging from 17.0% for pupunha to 38.3% for bacaba in dry basis. In buriti, tucuma, and bacaba oils, high content of unsaturated fatty acids was found, with more than 83, 75, and 61%, respectively. Therefore, not only fruits but also oils showed excellent quality and great nutritional potential.

Regulation of 1-MCP-Treated Banana Fruit Quality by Exogenous Ethylene and Temperature

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Jiang ◽  
M. Zhang ◽  
J. He ◽  
L. Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Banana Fruit ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Low Temperature Storage ◽  
Musa Sp ◽  
Temperature Storage

Ripe green banana (Musa sp., AAA group, cv. Zhonggang) fruits treated with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) significantly delayed the peaks of respiration rate and ethylene production but did not reduce the peak height. Mature banana fruits were also treated with 1-MCP for 24 h at 20 C and then exposed to 50 mL/L ethylene or stored at different temperatures to analyse the effects of external added ethylene. Reductions in firmness, titratable acidity (TA) and starch content (SC) of banana fruits were remarkably delayed by 1-MCP treatment. 1-MCP treatment also delayed the increase of total soluble sugar (TSS) and soluble pectin (SP) contents. Soluble solids (SS) content in the 1-MCP-treated fruit remained almost unchanged during the first 10 days of storage at 20 C. No significant differences in TA, TSS, SP and SS levels were observed between the fruit treated with 1-MCP alone and the fruit treated with 1-MCP plus ethylene. The 1-MCP effects on all the parameters related to banana ripening were enhanced by low temperature storage and reduced by high temperature storage.

scholarly journals Estimation of biochemical factors responsible for resistance to root and collar rot (Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid.) in okra

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1266-1270
Author(s):  
Aravind T ◽  
A. B. Brahmbhatt
Keyword(s):  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Collar Rot ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Twenty okra genotypes were screened for their resistance to root and collar rot incited by Macrophomina phaseolina in the experimental fields of Department of Plant Pathology, B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University. Based on their disease reaction, they were grouped into four categories i.e., resistant, moderately resistant, susceptible and highly susceptible. The biochemical analysis of the resistant and susceptible genotypes revealed that the total soluble sugar, reducing sugar and non reducing sugar decreased following inoculation by the pathogen. The decrease in total soluble sugar, reducing sugar and non reducing sugar were 21.54, 21.73 and 21.42 per cent in resistant variety, whereas in highly susceptible variety it was 6.06, 6.10 and 3.03 per cent, respectively. The total phenol content, soluble protein and peroxidase activity increased on inoculation with the pathogen. In the resistant variety, the increase in phenol content, soluble protein and peroxidase activity was 23.4, 32.56 and 63.86 per cent whereas in moderately resistant variety this was 19.85, 21.63 and 55.29 per cent, respectively. Susceptible and highly susceptible genotypes had low to moderate increase in the three parameters. The experimental results confirmed the importance of these biochemical factors in imparting the host resistance to root and collar rot.

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