scholarly journals Anti-nociceptive potentials of methanol extract of Cassia alata in experimental animals

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 371-373
Author(s):  
Muhammed Nafiu Negedu ◽  
◽  
Saidi Odoma ◽  
Idowu Olumorin Owemidu ◽  
Catherine Atede ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Tail Flick Test ◽  
Chemical Test ◽  
Cassia Alata ◽  
Test Models ◽  
Dependent Inhibition

Cassia alata has been used as an agent for wound healing, anti-bacteria and pain in African traditional medicine. In this study, we aim to investigate the anti- nociceptive properties of Cassia alata to scientifically justify this folkloric claim. Thermal (tail flick test) and chemical (acetic acid induced writhing test) models of nociception were employed, animals were divided into five groups (n=5), the control group was treated with 1 mL/kg of distilled water, reference group received Tramadol 50 mg/kg, while the test groups received graded doses (125,250 and 500 mg/kg) plant extract. The extract produced dose dependent inhibition of the acetic acid in the chemical test. In the thermal test, the extract also dose dependently increased the withdrawal latency as compared to the control. This study showed that the methanol extract of Casia alata leaf produced anti-nociception in models of chemical and thermal pain which justifies its folkloric claim for the treatment of pain.

scholarly journals Pre-treatment Effect of Kombucha Tea on Analgesia and Inflammation in Male Rat

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Rabiei ◽  
Zahra Lorigooini ◽  
Fatemeh Firuzi ◽  
Mohammad Rahimi-Madiseh
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Pain Tolerance ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Tail Flick Test ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Kombucha Tea ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: The use of natural compounds in relieving pain has been commonplace since ancient times and their use is currently increasing. Objectives: Given that analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Kombucha have not been studied, this study was designed to examine these effects in vitro. Methods: In this experimental study, rats were divided into four groups. The control group received normal saline i.p in the same amount of the drug. The other groups received Kombucha tea i.p at 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg. Tail-flick and acetic acid tests were used to evaluate the analgesic effects of Kombucha tea and the xylene-induced ear inflammation test to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of Kombucha tea. Results: Kombucha tea at three doses 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg significantly reduced the number of writhings in the acetic acid test. Kombucha tea at 1000 mg/kg significantly increased pain tolerance in the tail-flick test. Kombucha tea at 250 and 500 mg/kg could significantly reduce inflammation in the rat’s ear. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that Kombucha has analgesic effects in rats and can be considered in future treatments.

scholarly journals Analgesic and Antipyretic Activities of Methanol Extract and Its Fraction from the Root ofSchoenoplectus grossus

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirmal Kumar Subedi ◽  
S. M. Abdur Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Ahsanul Akbar
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Radiant Heat ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Tail Flick Test ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Pain Models

The study aims to evaluate analgesic and antipyretic activities of the methanol extract and its different fractions from root ofSchoenoplectus grossususing acetic acid induced writhing and radiant heat tail flick method of pain models in mice and yeast induced pyrexia in rats at the doses of 400 and 200 mg/kg. In acetic acid writhing test, the methanol extract, petroleum ether, and carbon tetrachloride fractions produced significant (P<0.001andP<0.05) inhibition of writhing responses in dose dependent manner. The methanol extract at 400 and 200 mg/kg being more protective with 54% and 45.45% of inhibition compared to diclofenac sodium of 56% followed by petroleum ether fractions of 49.69% and 39.39% at the same doses. The extracts did not produce any significant antinociceptive activity in tail flick test except standard morphine. When studied on yeast induced pyrexia, methanol and petroleum ether fractions significantly lowered the rectal temperature time dependently in a manner similar to standard drug paracetamol and distinctly more significant (P<0.001) after second hour. These findings suggest that the root extracts ofS. grossuspossess significant peripherally acting analgesic potential and antipyretic property. The phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins.

Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of methanol extract of red cultivar Allium cepa bulbs in rats and mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeoye Joshua Oyewusi ◽  
Olayinka Ayotunde Oridupa ◽  
Adebowale Bernard Saba ◽  
Ibironke Kofoworola Oyewusi ◽  
Jonny Olufemi Olukunle
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Inflammatory Models ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Objectives Several cultivars of Allium cepa L. have been studied for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities but there is inadequate information on such biological activities of the concentrated extracts of the Nigerian grown red cultivar A. cepa bulb. Methods The anti-inflammatory models used in this study were Carrageenan-induced paw oedema and formalin-induced paw lick in rats, while acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing, hot plate reaction, hot water tail flick tests in mice were the analgesic models. Results At 30 min post-induction (pi), the inhibition of paw oedema (62.50%) by 200 mg/kg of methanol extract of red cultivar A. cepa bulb (MERCACB) was significantly (p<0.001) higher than that of indomethacin (15.63%) at 10 mg/kg. The paw oedema inhibition at 60 min pi by MERCACB (76.92%) was significantly higher than that of indomethacin (41.03%). At the early phase of formalin paw-lick test, the pain reaction time (PRT) of rat treated with MERCACB (400 mg/kg) was significantly lower than that of indomethacin and the control groups. The hotplate test revealed that PRT of mice treated with 800 mg/kg of MERCACB were significantly (p<0.01) longer in comparism to indomethacin and control groups. The PRT of mice subjected to thermal pain due to hot water and treated with 800 mg/kg of MERCACB was significantly (p<0.05) longer than that of the control group. Conclusions These findings indicate that MERCACB possesses potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties which confirm the traditional use of the plant for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and may be useful as a future therapeutic agent.

scholarly journals Effects of Electroacupuncture on Pain Threshold of Laboring Rats and the Expression of Norepinephrine Transporter andα2 Adrenergic Receptor in the Central Nervous System

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Qianli Tang ◽  
Qiuyan Jiang ◽  
Suren R. Sooranna ◽  
Shike Lin ◽  
Yuanyuan Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Norepinephrine Transporter ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Tail Flick Test ◽  
The Central Nervous System

To observe the effects of electroacupuncture on pain threshold of laboring rats and the expression of norepinephrine transporter andα2 adrenergic receptor in the central nervous system to determine the mechanism of the analgesic effect of labor. 120 pregnant rats were divided into 6 groups: a control group, 4 electroacupuncture groups, and a meperidine group. After interventions, the warm water tail-flick test was used to observe pain threshold. NE levels in serum, NET, andα2AR mRNA and protein expression levels in the central nervous system were measured. No difference in pain threshold was observed between the 6 groups before intervention. After intervention, increased pain thresholds were observed in all groups except the control group with a higher threshold seen in the electroacupuncture groups. Serum NE levels decreased in the electroacupuncture and MP groups. Increases in NET andα2AR expression in the cerebral cortex and decreases in enlarged segments of the spinal cord were seen. Acupuncture increases uptake of NE via cerebral NET and decreases its uptake by spinal NET. The levels ofα2AR are also increased and decreased, respectively, in both tissues. This results in a decrease in systemic NE levels and may be the mechanism for its analgesic effects.

Attenuation of Morphine-Induced Tolerance and Dependence by Pretreatment with Cerebrolysin in Male rats

Drug Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (01) ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Ghavimi ◽  
Sara Darvishi ◽  
Saeed Ghanbarzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Tail Flick Test ◽  
Attenuation Effect ◽  
Morphine Administration ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Potent Growth ◽  
Induced Tolerance ◽  
Withdrawal Signs

Abstract Background Dependence and tolerance to morphine are major problems which limit its chronic clinical application. Purpose This study was aimed to investigate the attenuation effect of Cerebrolysin, a mixture of potent growth factors (BDNF, GDNF, NGF, CNTF etc,), on the development of Morphine-induced dependence and tolerance. Methods Male Wistar rats were selected randomly and divided into different groups (n=8) including: a control group, groups received additive doses of morphine (5–25 mg/kg, ip, at an interval of 12 h until tolerance completion), and groups pretreated with Cerebrolysin (40, 80 and 160 mg/kg, ip, before morphine administration). Development of tolerance was assessed by tail-flick test and the attenuation effect of Cerebrolysin on morphine-induced dependence was evaluated after injection of naloxone (4 mg/kg, ip, 12 h after the morning dose of morphine). Seven distinct withdrawal signs including: jumping, rearing, genital grooming, abdominal writhing, wet dog shake and teeth grinding were recorded for 45 min and total withdrawal score (TWS) was calculated. Results Results showed that administration of Cerebrolysin could prolonged development (10 and 14 days in administration of 80 mg/kg and 160 mg/kg Cerebrolysin) and completion (4, 10 and 14 days in administration of 40, 80 and 160 mg/kg Cerebrolysin, respectively) of tolerance. Results also indicated that administration of Cerebrolysin (40, 80 and 160 mg/kg) could significantly decreased the TWS value (62±2, 77±4 and 85±6%, respectively). Conclusion In conclusion, it was found that pretreatment with Cerebrolysin could attenuated morphine-induced tolerance and dependence.

scholarly journals Preliminary assessment of the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of methanol leaf extract of Cussonia barteri (Araliaceae) in rodents

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Ighodaro Igbe ◽  
Osaze Edosuyi ◽  
Agbonlahor Okhuarobo ◽  
Adarki Pongri ◽  
Nkechi Maduako ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Ear Oedema

Summary Introduction: Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is an important vegetable crop in Syria. Potato tuber moth Cussonia barteri is a small tree that grows in the sub-Saharan part of Africa. Various parts of the plant are used for the treatment of a variety of ailments in ethno-medicine. Objective: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect of the methanol leaf extract of Cussonia barteri. Material and methods: The leaves were air-dried, powdered and repeatedly extracted with methanol using a Soxhlet apparatus. The resulting methanol extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) was evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity using carrageenan-induced paw oedema, xylene-induced ear oedema and formalin-induced arthritis tests. Analgesic effect was evaluated using acetic acid-induced mouse writhing, hot plate and tail flick tests. Results: All doses of the extract significantly (p<0.05) reduced carrageenan-induced paw oedema, however the 400 mg/kg dose gave a sustained effect. The extract significantly inhibited xylene induced ear oedema at all doses. There were no significant (p>0.05) reductions in paw swellings due to formalin. In the acetic acid induced writhing test, the extract significantly (p<0.05) decreased writhing at 400 mg/kg only. Reaction times were not significantly different from the control in the hot plate and tail flick tests. Conclusion: This study has shown that the methanol extract possesses acute anti-inflammatory and peripherally mediated analgesic effects.

scholarly journals NSAID Antinociception Measured in a Chemical and a Thermal Assay in Mice

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 190-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
HF Miranda ◽  
J Lopez ◽  
F Sierralta ◽  
A Correa ◽  
G Pinardi
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Intrathecal Administration ◽  
Test Subject ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Tail Flick Test ◽  
Chemical Test ◽  
Writhing Test ◽  
Nociceptive Stimulus ◽  
Dose Response Curves

The antinociceptive activity of several nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that were administered either intraperitoneally or intrathecally was assessed in mice by two algesiometric tests. The first was the writhing test, which assessed the abdominal constrictions that were induced by intraperitoneal acetic acid (a chemical test), and the second was the tail flick test, which measured pain responses to heat stimuli. The corresponding effective doses and their relative potencies were compared because these tests use different nociceptive stimuli with different transmission pathways. The intraperitoneal and intrathecal dose-response curves for the antinociception induced by every NSAID that was tested were parallel in the writhing test. In the tail flick test, however, only the intraperitoneal and intrathecal dose-response curves for ketoprofen, piroxicam, naproxen, nimesulide, paracetamol and diclofenac were parallel. The results obtained in this study confirm that NSAIDs possess different abilities to induce inhibition of cyclooxygenase, and they can be indirectly assessed by their different antinociceptive activities, depending on the algesiometric assays that are used. The antinociception of most NSAIDs might involve central mechanisms. The findings demonstrate the increasing importance of the spinal cord in processing and modulating nociceptive input, because intrathecal administration of NSAIDs is always more effective (in terms of potency) than systemic administration; thus, the antinociceptive efficacy of NSAIDs strongly depends on the algesiometric assay that is used and on the type of the nociceptive stimulus to which the test subject is exposed.

scholarly journals Co-administration of Pregabalin and Curcumin Synergistically Decreases Pain-Like Behaviors in Acute Nociceptive Pain Murine Models

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (18) ◽  
pp. 4172
Author(s):  
Sarinee Leksiri ◽  
Hasriadi Hasriadi ◽  
Peththa Wadu Dasuni Wasana ◽  
Opa Vajragupta ◽  
Pornchai Rojsitthisak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Synergistic Interaction ◽  
Nociceptive Pain ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Dose Ratio ◽  
Tail Flick Test ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Pain Models

Analgesic drugs in a combination-form can achieve greater efficacy with lesser side effects compared to either drug alone. The combination of drugs acting at different targets or mechanisms of action has been recognized as an alternative approach for achieving optimal analgesia. In this study, the analgesic effects of pregabalin (30, 60, 100, 200 mg/kg), curcumin (15, 30, 60, 100, 120 mg/kg), and 1:1 fixed-dose ratio of the pregabalin-curcumin combination were assessed using two acute nociceptive pain models, the acetic acid-induced writhing and tail-flick tests in mice. The pregabalin-curcumin combination produced a dose-dependent decrease in mean of writhes and an increase in the percentage of antinociception by the acetic acid-induced writhing test. In the tail-flick test, the combination also showed an improvement in antinociception indicated by the tail-flick latency, % antinociception, and area under the curve (AUC). Isobolographic analysis of interactions demonstrated a significant synergistic interaction effect between pregabalin and curcumin in both acute nociceptive pain models with the experimental ED50 below the predicted additive line and the combination index < 1. These findings demonstrate that the combination of pregabalin and curcumin exhibits a synergistic interaction in mouse models of acute nociceptive pain.

scholarly journals The Anti-Nociceptive Potential of Tulathromycin against Chemically and Thermally Induced Pain in Mice

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1247
Author(s):  
Mohamed Elbadawy ◽  
Amira Abugomaa ◽  
Hussein M. El-Husseiny ◽  
Ahmed S. Mandour ◽  
Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Acute Pain ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Nociceptive Response ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Significant Prolongation ◽  
Dose Dependent

The present study was conducted to evaluate the analgesic potential of the new triamilide macrolide antibiotic, tulathromycin, at 20 and 40 mg/kg of body weight (BW), subcutaneously against acute pain in mice. Acute pain was induced either chemically (using acetic acid-induced writhing and formalin-induced pain tests) or thermally (using hot-plate, and tail-flick tests). In the acetic acid-induced writhing test, tulathromycin induced a dose-dependent and significant decrease in the number of writhes compared with the control group. In the late phase of the formalin test, a significant decline in hind paw licking time compared with the control group was observed. In the hot-plate and tail-flick tests, tulathromycin caused a dose-dependent and significant prolongation of latency of nociceptive response to heat stimuli, compared with the control group. These findings may indicate that tulathromycin possesses significant peripheral and central analgesic potentials that may be valuable in symptomatic relief of pain, in addition to its well-established antibacterial effect.

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