scholarly journals Analgesic and Antipyretic Activities of Methanol Extract and Its Fraction from the Root ofSchoenoplectus grossus

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirmal Kumar Subedi ◽  
S. M. Abdur Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Ahsanul Akbar
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Radiant Heat ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Tail Flick Test ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Pain Models

The study aims to evaluate analgesic and antipyretic activities of the methanol extract and its different fractions from root ofSchoenoplectus grossususing acetic acid induced writhing and radiant heat tail flick method of pain models in mice and yeast induced pyrexia in rats at the doses of 400 and 200 mg/kg. In acetic acid writhing test, the methanol extract, petroleum ether, and carbon tetrachloride fractions produced significant (P<0.001andP<0.05) inhibition of writhing responses in dose dependent manner. The methanol extract at 400 and 200 mg/kg being more protective with 54% and 45.45% of inhibition compared to diclofenac sodium of 56% followed by petroleum ether fractions of 49.69% and 39.39% at the same doses. The extracts did not produce any significant antinociceptive activity in tail flick test except standard morphine. When studied on yeast induced pyrexia, methanol and petroleum ether fractions significantly lowered the rectal temperature time dependently in a manner similar to standard drug paracetamol and distinctly more significant (P<0.001) after second hour. These findings suggest that the root extracts ofS. grossuspossess significant peripherally acting analgesic potential and antipyretic property. The phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins.

scholarly journals Antinociceptive and Anthelmintic Activities of Leaves of Leea aequata

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushanta Halder ◽  
Nazmus Saqueeb ◽  
Nazmul Qais
Keyword(s):  
Crude Extract ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Radiant Heat ◽  
Antinociceptive Activity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

The objective of the study was to evaluate the antinociceptive and anthelmintic activities of the crude methanol extract of leaves of Leea aequata and its fractions. The crude extract and its fractions at 200- and 400-mg/kg bw were subjected to assay for their antinociceptive activity using acetic acid induced writhing and radiant heat tail flicking methods. The ethyl acetate soluble fraction at 400 mg/kg bw induced 40.97% inhibition of writhing in mice while the carbon tetrachloride and chloroform soluble fractions of crude extract at the same dose displayed activity with 40.28% inhibition of writhing as compared to standard diclofenac sodium. The crude extract elongated the reaction time by 57.04% after 30 minute of administration in radiant heat tail flicking method, which suggested the central antinociceptive activity as compared to morphine. The methanol extract of the leaves of L. aequata exhibited profound anthelmintic activity in a dose dependent manner with shortest time of paralysis and death at 100 mg/ml concentration. It caused paralysis of the earthworm Pheretima posthuma at 9.44 min and death at 12.9 min when compared to the standard drug albendazole, which at 10 mg/ml concentration revealed the same at 8.21 minutes and 11.18 minutes, respectively. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 17(2): 251-255, 2018 (December)

scholarly journals Co-administration of Pregabalin and Curcumin Synergistically Decreases Pain-Like Behaviors in Acute Nociceptive Pain Murine Models

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (18) ◽  
pp. 4172
Author(s):  
Sarinee Leksiri ◽  
Hasriadi Hasriadi ◽  
Peththa Wadu Dasuni Wasana ◽  
Opa Vajragupta ◽  
Pornchai Rojsitthisak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Synergistic Interaction ◽  
Nociceptive Pain ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Dose Ratio ◽  
Tail Flick Test ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Pain Models

Analgesic drugs in a combination-form can achieve greater efficacy with lesser side effects compared to either drug alone. The combination of drugs acting at different targets or mechanisms of action has been recognized as an alternative approach for achieving optimal analgesia. In this study, the analgesic effects of pregabalin (30, 60, 100, 200 mg/kg), curcumin (15, 30, 60, 100, 120 mg/kg), and 1:1 fixed-dose ratio of the pregabalin-curcumin combination were assessed using two acute nociceptive pain models, the acetic acid-induced writhing and tail-flick tests in mice. The pregabalin-curcumin combination produced a dose-dependent decrease in mean of writhes and an increase in the percentage of antinociception by the acetic acid-induced writhing test. In the tail-flick test, the combination also showed an improvement in antinociception indicated by the tail-flick latency, % antinociception, and area under the curve (AUC). Isobolographic analysis of interactions demonstrated a significant synergistic interaction effect between pregabalin and curcumin in both acute nociceptive pain models with the experimental ED50 below the predicted additive line and the combination index < 1. These findings demonstrate that the combination of pregabalin and curcumin exhibits a synergistic interaction in mouse models of acute nociceptive pain.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Stem Bark Extract Picralima nitida for Antinociceptive Property

2020 ◽  
pp. 108-113
Author(s):  
K. K. Igwe ◽  
O. V. Ikpeazu ◽  
M. I. Ezeja
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Tail Flick Test ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Reference Drug

Aims: To investigate the antinociceptive property of Picralima nitida stem bark methanol                 extract. Place and duration of study: Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria from February to July,       2020. Methodology: The extraction was done by cold maceration of the pulverised P. nitida stem bark in 80% methanol for 48 hours. Acute toxicity study was done using up and down method. The antinociceptive study was carried out using tail flick and hot plate antinociceptive models. The extract was used at the doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg while pentazocine 3 mg/kg was used as the standard reference drug (positive group) and 5 ml/kg distilled water was used for the negative group. Results: In the tail flick test, P. nitida at the doses of 100 and 400 mg/kg with the standard drug pentazocine significantly (P = 0.05) increased the pain reaction time (PRT), increasing the PRT from 1.80 ± 0.08 sec  in the negative group (distilled water 5 ml/kg) to 2.90 ± 0.18 sec at the dose of 200 mg/kg group of mice representing 62.06% increase. Also, in the hot plate model, the PRT was increased from 2.03 ± 0.02 sec in distilled water treated group of mice to 9.58 ± 0.99 sec in the 400 mg/kg dose of the extract. Conclusion: The stem bark methanol extract of P. nitida demonstrated a good level of antinociceptive activity in the models used in this study.

scholarly journals Anti-nociceptive potentials of methanol extract of Cassia alata in experimental animals

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 371-373
Author(s):  
Muhammed Nafiu Negedu ◽  
◽  
Saidi Odoma ◽  
Idowu Olumorin Owemidu ◽  
Catherine Atede ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Tail Flick Test ◽  
Chemical Test ◽  
Cassia Alata ◽  
Test Models ◽  
Dependent Inhibition

Cassia alata has been used as an agent for wound healing, anti-bacteria and pain in African traditional medicine. In this study, we aim to investigate the anti- nociceptive properties of Cassia alata to scientifically justify this folkloric claim. Thermal (tail flick test) and chemical (acetic acid induced writhing test) models of nociception were employed, animals were divided into five groups (n=5), the control group was treated with 1 mL/kg of distilled water, reference group received Tramadol 50 mg/kg, while the test groups received graded doses (125,250 and 500 mg/kg) plant extract. The extract produced dose dependent inhibition of the acetic acid in the chemical test. In the thermal test, the extract also dose dependently increased the withdrawal latency as compared to the control. This study showed that the methanol extract of Casia alata leaf produced anti-nociception in models of chemical and thermal pain which justifies its folkloric claim for the treatment of pain.

scholarly journals Antinociceptive activity of methanolic extract of the leaves of Feronia limonia Linn

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Moni Rani Saha ◽  
Sheikh Zahir Raihan ◽  
Akm Shahidur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Antinociceptive Activity ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Immersion Method ◽  
Tail Flick Test ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Albino Mice

The antinociceptive activity of the methanolic extract of the leaves of Feronia limonia Linn. (Family Rutaceae) was investigated using acetic acid-induced writhing model and tail flick test in swiss albino mice. The extract produced about 26.01% ( p< 0.01), 39.88% ( p< 0.01) and 57.07% (p< 0.01) writhing inhibition at the dose of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of body weight respectively, which was comparable to the standard drug diclofenac sodium where the inhibition was about 63.58% (p< 0.01) at the dose of 25 mg/kg of body weight. All doses of extracts significantly (p<0.05) increased latency of flick tail in tail immersion method. The methanolic extract showed dose dependent antinociceptive activity in both type of test in swiss albino mice. Phytochemical investigations of the leaves extract indicate the presence of tannins, saponins, steroids, alkaloids and flavonoids. The preliminary study of the methanolic extract showed antinociceptive activity in both writhing and tail flick test in mice. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpp.v26i1-2.19962 Bangladesh J Physiol Pharmacol 2010; 26(1&2) : 21-24

scholarly journals Anti-nociceptive effect of seed extract of Acacia tortilis in rodents

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 650
Author(s):  
Neeraj K. Agrawal ◽  
Uma Gupta ◽  
Nitin Kothari ◽  
Shruti Chandra ◽  
Rashmi Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Morphine Sulfate ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Acacia Tortilis ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Group V ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Group I

Background: Management of pain is a primary clinical concern for any pathology in medical field. Addiction liability of opioids and troublesome gastrointestinal side effects of NSAIDs   leads to intensive research for compound with lesser side effects.The aim of the study to evaluate the anti-nociceptive activity of Acacia Tortilis Seed Extract (ATE) in experimental animals.Methods: First of all, animals were randomly allocated into four groups of six animals each. In acetic acid induced writhing test model, Group I (NC) served as vehicle control received saline/Tween 80 0.1%, 10ml/kg BW orally, group II (ATE-100) and III (ATE-200) received ATE in dose of 100 and 200mg/kg BW orally respectively and group IV received the standard drug diclofenac sodium in dose of 50 mg/kg BW orally. Group I to IV were same in rest of three experimental models. One additional group of standard drugs (group V) morphine sulfate in dose of 5 mg/kg BW subcutaneously (SC) was allocated for screening method hot plate and tail flick tests.  In Formalin induced paw licking test, three additional groups (group V) morphine sulfate in dose of 5mg/kg BW SC, group VI- morphine+naloxone (5mg/kg SC +2mg/kg intra-peritoneally (IP) and group VII - ATE+ naloxone (200mg/kg BW orally +2mg/kg BW IP) were also made.Results: The ATE when administered orally in dose of 100 and 200mg/ kg body weight (BW), produced significant analgesic activity (P <0.01) in acetic acid induced writhing syndrome and late phase of formalin test. In the hot plate test in mice and tail flick test in rats, ATE in same doses also showed significant analgesic activity (P <0.05) which is almost equally efficacious to standard drug diclofenac sodium (50mg/kg BW orally) but far less efficacious than morphine sulfate (5mg/kg BW subcutaneous).ATE (200mg/Kg BW orally) activity did not blocked by naloxone (2mg/kg intra-peritoneal).Conclusions: ATE possesss significant anti-nociceptive activity as evidenced in all the animal models of nociception. It might exert its effect through the peripheral mechanism of analgesic action possibly by interference in biosynthesis, release and/or action of prostaglandins and leukotrienes.

scholarly journals TO STUDY THE ANTINOCICEPTIVE EFFECT OF CINNARIZINE ALONE AND IN COMBINATION WITH TRAMADOL IN ALBINO RATS BY TAIL FLICK METHOD

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajiv Kumar ◽  
Aasim Shakeel ◽  
Manju Gari ◽  
Uma Shankar Prasad Keshri
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Opioid Analgesic ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Radiant Heat ◽  
Antinociceptive Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Withdrawal Time ◽  
Tail Flick Test ◽  
Standard Drug

Background: Pain is the most common reason for physician consultation in most countries. It is a major symptom in many medical conditions, and can interfere with a person's quality of life and general functioning. Acute pain is usually managed with medications such as analgesics and anesthetics. Cinnarizine is a piperazine derivative and Tramadol is an opioid analgesic. Cinnarizine is also a calcium channel blocker. So, in the present study an attempt has been made to access the antinociceptive activity of Cinnarizine alone & in combination with standard drug Tramadol with the hope of pharmacological synergism and better relief from pain. Material & Methods: 4 rats in 6 groups were weighed & colour coded. Basal reaction time to radiant heat was taken. Tail withdrawal time was recorded as the end point. Reaction time was taken at 0, 30 & 60 minutes on day 0, 7, 14, 21 & 28. Result: All observation were done by the ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey’s. It is seen that Cinnarizine alone (in both doses) has antinociceptive activity but that is not statistically significant. But when it is given along with Tramadol it potentiates antinociceptive activity of Tramadol which is statistically significant. Conclusion: The result of this study conclude that Cinnarizine alone has antinociceptive activity in both doses (i.e 2.5mg/kg & 5mg/kg) but it is statistically not significant. Tramadol shows higher antinociception with Cinnarizine in dose of 5mg/kg than with 2.5mg/kg. Keywords: Antinociception, Cinnarizine, Tramadol, Tail flick test, Albino rats

scholarly journals Beneficial effects of methanolic extract of Indigofera linnaei Ali. on the inflammatory and nociceptive responses in rodent models

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-123
Author(s):  
Raju Senthil Kumar ◽  
Balasubramanian Rajkapoor ◽  
Perumal Perumal ◽  
Sekar Vinoth Kumar ◽  
Arunachalam Suba Geetha
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Latency Period ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Nociceptive Responses

ABSTRACT Indigofera linnaei Ali. (Tamil Name: Cheppu Nerinjil) belongs to the family Fabaceae, used for the treatment of various ailments in the traditional system of medicine. In the present study, the beneficial effects of methanol extract of whole plant of I. linnaei (MEIL) were evaluated on inflammation and nociception responses in rodent models. In vitro nitric oxide (NO), lipoxygenase (LOX) and cyclooxygense (COX) inhibitory activities were also performed to understand the mode of action. MEIL at the dose of 200 & 400 mg/kg, p.o. significantly inhibited carrageenan induced rat paw volume and reduced the weight of granuloma in cotton pellet granuloma model. The results obtained were comparable with the standard drug aceclofenac. The anti-nociceptive effect of MEIL in mice was evaluated in hot plate and acetic acid induced writhing model. The plant extract significantly reduced the number of writhes and the analgesic effect was higher than that of the standard drug aspirin. However, the extract fails to increase the latency period in hot plate method suggesting that the extract produce nociception by peripheral activity. The extract produced inhibitory effect on NO, LOX and COX in concentration dependent manner. The extract exhibited pronounced and selective COX-2 inhibition. Altogether, these results suggested that the methanol extract of Indigofera linnaei could be considered as a potential anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent.

scholarly journals Preliminary assessment of the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of methanol leaf extract of Cussonia barteri (Araliaceae) in rodents

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Ighodaro Igbe ◽  
Osaze Edosuyi ◽  
Agbonlahor Okhuarobo ◽  
Adarki Pongri ◽  
Nkechi Maduako ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Ear Oedema

Summary Introduction: Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is an important vegetable crop in Syria. Potato tuber moth Cussonia barteri is a small tree that grows in the sub-Saharan part of Africa. Various parts of the plant are used for the treatment of a variety of ailments in ethno-medicine. Objective: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect of the methanol leaf extract of Cussonia barteri. Material and methods: The leaves were air-dried, powdered and repeatedly extracted with methanol using a Soxhlet apparatus. The resulting methanol extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) was evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity using carrageenan-induced paw oedema, xylene-induced ear oedema and formalin-induced arthritis tests. Analgesic effect was evaluated using acetic acid-induced mouse writhing, hot plate and tail flick tests. Results: All doses of the extract significantly (p<0.05) reduced carrageenan-induced paw oedema, however the 400 mg/kg dose gave a sustained effect. The extract significantly inhibited xylene induced ear oedema at all doses. There were no significant (p>0.05) reductions in paw swellings due to formalin. In the acetic acid induced writhing test, the extract significantly (p<0.05) decreased writhing at 400 mg/kg only. Reaction times were not significantly different from the control in the hot plate and tail flick tests. Conclusion: This study has shown that the methanol extract possesses acute anti-inflammatory and peripherally mediated analgesic effects.

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND EVALUATION OF ANALGESIC AND MUSCLE RELAXANT ACTIVITY OF THE ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF THE LEAVES OF MIRABILIS JALAPA

2017 ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
Deepsikha Bharali ◽  
Dipankar Saha
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Relaxant ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Mirabilis Jalapa ◽  
Muscle Relaxant Activity ◽  
Dose Dependent

Objective: The aim and objectives of the present work is to determine pharmacological activity upon ethnopharmacological survey. The present study deals with phytochemical screening and analgesic as well as muscle relaxant activity of leaves of Mirabilis jalapa.Methods: The present study is aimed at phytochemical screening and evaluating the analgesic and muscle relaxant activities of ethanolic leaf extract of Mirabilis jalapa by using hot plate method and rota rod method respectively [1, 2]. The Phytochemical screening of the extract was done according to the standard procedures to reveal the presence of the active constituents like Alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, glycosides, tannins, saponins, steroids, carbohydrates etc [3-5].Results: The analgesic and muscle relaxant activity study were dose dependent. The EEMJ extracts (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg) and the standard drug Diclofenac sodium (25 mg/kg) shows significant increase in the reaction time when compared with control at 30 min, 60 min, 90 min and 120 min and the effect of standard was found to be highest during the study. Another study was designed to evaluate the skeletal muscle relaxant properties of ethanolic extract of leaves of Mirabilis jalapa. Linn by taking the EEMJ extracts (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg) and standard drug Lorzepam (10 mg/kg). Both the extracts and standard drug show decrease in the fall of time in a dose dependent manner when compared with control at 15 min, 30 min, 45 min respectively. Conclusion: Therefore, from the above study it is revealed that Mirabilis jalapa showing better pharmacological activities (Analgesic and Muscle relaxant) in dose dependent manner.

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