scholarly journals COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF PHYTOPLANKTON AND CHLOROPHYLL-α CONCENTRATION IN THE SUNGAI MESJID VILLAGE DUMAI RIAU PROVINCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Rafiq Prima Nugraha ◽  
Irvina Nurrachmi ◽  
Sofyan Husein Siregar

The research was conducted in December 2019 at Sungai Mesjid Village Dumai Riau Province. This study aims were to know the condition of water quality, know the structure of the phytoplankton community, know the concentration of chlorophyll-a and know the effect between chlorophyll-a concentration and phytoplankton abundance in waters. The method used in this study was a survey method. The research location is divided into 3 station points namely Bangsal Aceh, Marine Station and Jalan Dermaga. The results showed that the quality of waters classified as oligotrophic waters. Phytoplankton found in this study consisted of 4 classes and 12 species of phytoplankton and the abundance of phytoplankton has a range between 195.57 - 244.33 ind./l. Diversity index (H') ranges from 1.2951 - 2.1705, dominance index (D) ranges from 0.24 to 0.46 and uniformity index (E) ranges from 0.7825 to 0.9551. The chlorophyll-a concentration in waters of Sungai Mesjid Village in Dumai ranged from 0.0025 to 0.0210 mg/L. Phytoplankton abundance and chlorophyll-a concentration has a moderate effect, wherewith increasing chlorophyll-a concentration, phytoplankton abundance will also increase

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-262
Author(s):  
Faudzi Ath Tho Azzam ◽  
Niniek Widyorini ◽  
Bambang Sulardiono

Sungai Lanangan merupakan bagian hulu Sungai Bengawan Solo yang terletak di Desa Daleman, Kecamatan Tulung, Kabupaten Klaten. Jenis limbah seperti limbah domestik, industri, pertanian, perikanan dan peternakan telah mencemari Sungai Lanangan. Limbah organik dari industri tepung aren dan mie soun yang dibuang di Sungai Lanangan mencapai 50 ton limbah per hari. Hal tersebut menyebabkan perubahan kualitas air dan komposisi fitoplankton di Sungai Lanangan.Penelitian ini dilakukan dari bulan Januari - Februari 2018 di Sungai Lanangan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kelimpahan dan komposisifitoplankton serta mengetahui kualitas perairan berdasarkan struktur komunitas fitoplankton di Sungai Lanangan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei denganpengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Frekuensi pengambilan sampel dilakukan setiap 1 minggu sekali selama 3 minggu. Sampel diambil dari 3 stasiun, dimana stasiun 1 dengan karakteristik perairan terbuka; Stasiun 2 dengan karakteristik dekat industri pengolahan tepung aren; dan stasiun 3 dengan karakteristik dekat dengan daerah budidaya air tawar.Hasil penelitian didapatkan 11 genera fitoplankton yaitu dari kelas Bacillariophyceae (4 genera), Cyanophyceae (2 genera), Chrysophyceae (1 genus), Ulvophyceae (2 genera), Zygnematophyceae (1 genus) dan Chlorophyceae (1 genus). Kelimpahan rata-rata fitoplankton tertinggi terdapat pada stasiun 2 dengan kelimpahan 1.989 ind/l yang didominasi oleh genus Oscillatoria. Indeks keanekaragaman rata-rata pada setiap stasiun adalah 1,68 pada stasiun 1; 1,63 pada stasiun 2; dan 1,52 pada stasiun 3. Dari hasil indeks keanekaragaman yang didapatkan tersebut menunjukkan kisaran nilai antara 1,52 hingga 1,68 yang berarti bahwa kualitas perairan Sungai Lanangan tercemar ringan.  Lanangan river is one upstream of Bengawan Solo river which located at Daleman, Tulung, Klaten. types of waste such as domestic waste, industrial waste, agriculture, fishery and animal husbandry polluted Lanangan river. Especially organic waste from palm starch and soun noodle industry that are dumped in the Lanangan river reaches 50 tonnes waste per day. This research was conducted from January to February 2018 in the Lanangan river. The purpose of this research is to find out the abundance and composition of phytoplankton; and to determine the water qualitybased on the structure of the phytoplankton community in Lanangan river. This research uses survey method and use purposive sampling method. The Frequency of sampling is done once a week for 3 week. The samples taken from 3 stations, where station 1 is open water; Station 2 is near palm starch and soun noodle industry; and station 3 is close to freshwater aquaculture area.The resultsof the research found 11 genus of phytoplankton in class Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Chrysophyceae, Ulvophyceae, Zygnematophyceae and Chlorophyceae. The highest average of phytoplankton abundance found in station 2 with 1,989 ind/l which is dominated by the genus of Oscillatoria. The average diversity index each station is 1.68 at station 1; 1.63 at station 2; and 1.52 at station 3. From the results obtained the diversity index indicates the range of values between 1.52 to 1.68 which show that the water quality of Lanangan River is lightly to moderate polluted.  


2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
Hilda Kumala Dewi ◽  
Boedi Hendrarto ◽  
Churun Ain

ABSTRAK Sungai Wulan adalah sungai yang melewati tiga kabupaten yaitu Grobogan, Kudus dan Demak. Sungai Wulan yang terletak di Kabupaten Demak, mempunyai dua percabangan yaitu Wulan Lama dan Wulan Baru. Sungai ini digunakan oleh masyarakat untuk berbagai keperluan seperti kegiatan perikanan, domestik dan transportasi. Di hilir sungai juga terdapat daerah mangrove. Dampak dari kegiatan manusia tersebut kemungkinan akan berpengaruh terhadap kualitas perairan, hal tersebut diduga berdampak terhadap keberadaan fitoplankton serta kandungan klorofil-a. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Maret – April 2016 bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan klorofil-a, fitoplankton dan status perairan berdasarkan kandungan klorofil-a dan kelimpahan fitoplankton. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survei lapangan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di tiga lokasi yang berbeda yaitu dekat pemukiman (Stasun 1), Wulan Baru (Stasiun 2), dan Wulan Lama (Stasiun 3). Analisis Kruskal-Wallis untuk mengetahui perbedaan kandungan klorofil-a antar stasiun dan analisis Cluster untuk mengetahui kemiripan berdasarkan komunitas fitoplankton dan variabel lingkungan antar stasiun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kandungan klorofil-a berkisar antara 0,4955 - 1,3527 mg/l. Tidak ada perbedaan yang nyata kandungan klorofil-a per stasiun pada taraf kepercayaan 95% (0,05). Kelimpahan fitoplankton berkisar antara 9.458 – 12.422 ind/l. Fitoplankton yang didapatkan terdiri dari 35 genera yang terdiri dari 5 kelas yaitu Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Dynophyceae, Chlorophyceae dan Euglenophyceae. Stasiun 2 dan Stasiun 3 mempunyai kemiripan komunitas fitoplankton dan variabel lingkungan dibandingkan dengan Stasiun 1. Status perairan Sungai Wulan berdasarkan kandungan klorofil-a tergolong oligotrofik dan berdasarkan kelimpahan fitoplankton tergolong mesotrofik.Kata Kunci: Klorofil-a; Fitoplankton; Sungai Wulan  ABSTRACTWulan River is a river that passes through three regencies there are Grobogan, Kudus and Demak. Wulan River located in Demak Regency, has two branches there are Wulan Lama and Wulan Baru. This river has been used a lot by the residents for many activities such as fishery activities, domestic and transportation. There is also mangrove area in the downstream of Wulan River. The impact of those human activities presumably will affect the quality of the waters, it is also presumed to impact the existence of phytoplankton and the contents of chorophyl-a. This research was conducted on March - April 2016 aimed to know the contents of chlorophyl-a, the type and abundance of phytoplankton and the status of waters based on the content of chlorophyll-a and the abundance of phytoplankton. This research used survey method and purposive a sampling teqnique. The sampling was conducted in three different locations, that is in the nearby people residence (Station 1), Wulan Baru (Station 2) and Wulan Lama (Station 3). The Kruskal-Wallis analysis was used to determine differences of chlorophyll-a between the stations and Cluster analysis was used to determine similarity groups based on the phytoplankton community and environment variables between stations. The results showed chlorophyll-a range between 0,4955 - 1,3527 mg/l. There is no significant difference between the content of chlorophyll-a per station at the level of 95% (P < 0,05). The abundance of phytoplankton ranged between 9.458 – 12.422 ind/l. The phytoplankton was obtained consisting of 35 genus consisted of 5 classes, namely Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Dynophyceae, Chlorophyceae and Euglenophyceae. Both Station 2 and Station 3 had a more similarity in the community of phytoplankton and the environment variable compared to the Station 1. The status waters of the Wulan Rivers based on the contents chlorophyll-a was classified into oligotrophic and based on the abundance of phytoplankton was classified into mesotrophic. Keywords: Chlorophyl-a; Phytoplankton; Wulan River 


Author(s):  
Kristina Marsela ◽  
Herman Hamdani ◽  
Zuzy Anna ◽  
Heti Herawati

Citarum River is the longest river in West Java Province, it is utilized for various anthropogenic activities that will affect the water quality, ecological state, and parameters of nitrates and phosphates in the waters of Citarum River. Nitrate and phosphate content can affect Phytoplankton abundance. Phytoplankton is a bioindicator to determine water quality. The purpose of this study is to determine the association of nitrates and phosphates with the abundance of phytoplankton and determine the quality of water in the Citarum River. The study began in August 2020 until September 2020. The research uses a survey method with a purposive sampling technique. Sampling was carried out at 5 stations with 5 times repetitions every 7 days. The water parameter analyzed are transparency, temperature, current, pH, DO, BOD, PO42-,NO3-, Phytoplankton abundance, diversity index, and dominance index. Results showed that phytoplankton in the citarum river there were 24 genera divided into 4 phylum. Diversity index during the study reached between 0,91 – 0,99 and dominance index was in the range 0,01 – 0,2. Phytoplankton abundance ranges from 11 to 1292 ind/L. The highest genera phytoplankton composition at each station was found is Synedra as much as 1087 ind/ L. Nitrate content ranges from 0.13 - 0.33 mg/l and phosphate content range from 0.13 - 0.29 mg/l. The acquisition of R square value based on the simultaneous analysis of the relationship between nitrate and phosphate and the abundance of phytoplankton was 43,9% and 56,1% was influenced by other several factor namely temperature, water transparency, nutrient, and water flow.


2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Munandar Munandar ◽  
Neneng Marlian

This research aims to know the structure of the phytoplankton community in waters of PLTU Nagan Raya and to know the index of saprobitas based on the quality of waters in physics and chemistry of water. Research methods are laboratories where data research results obtained from the measurement results directly (in situ). The analysis conducted in the laboratory include identification and measurement of physical and chemical parameters of the water. The parameters in the observed in this research is phytoplankton abundance, diversity index, uniformity coefficient, saprobik, domination, phytoplankton, and water quality index. The results of the research there were 21 types of Phytoplankton Composition, from the 5th Division Cyanophyta, Euglenophyta, namely Chryshophyta, Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta. The average phytoplankton abundance ranged from 20-72 cells/l, with an abundance of phytoplankton dominated Chryshophyta i.e. 42,66-2,66%. Judging from the average index of diversity IE 0-2.23; the uniformity that is 0-0.73; the dominance of 0 – 0.72; with saprobitas coefficients of phytoplankton ranges from 0.25 – 1.18 and average water quality index range 6.2466 – 63.6272; The result indicates the quality of the waters to provide moderate to very bad.


Author(s):  
Ezra Angel R. Samosir ◽  
Zahidah Hasan ◽  
Iis Rostini ◽  
Herman Hamdani

This research was conducted to determine the water quality of Situ Ciburuy based on the plankton community as water quality bio-indicator. This research used the survey method and the observation result data were analyzed descriptively. The abundance of phytoplankton is about 340 – 8913 ind/L indicates that the abundance of phytoplankton is moderate and the abundance of zooplankton is about 7 – 30 ind/L indicates that the abundance of zooplankton is low. The Simpson diversity index for the phytoplankton group ranged from 0.29 – 0.33 and the Simpson Diversity Index for the zooplankton group ranged from 0.42 – 0.56 while the Simpson Dominance Index for the phytoplankton group ranged from 0.67 – 0.71 and the Simpson Dominance Index for zooplankton ranged from between 0.44 – 0.58 which indicates Situ Ciburuy is in an unstable condition. Based on the value of the Saprobic Index ranged between (-0.2) to (0). Situ Ciburuy belongs to α / β – mesosaprobic phase and categorized in the moderately polluted category.


Author(s):  
Erwin Theofilius ◽  
Zahidah Hasan ◽  
Asep Agus Handaka ◽  
Herman Hamndani

This study conducted to determine the water quality of Situ Ciburuy based on the structure of the gastropod community as a bioindicator. The survey method used in this study based on collecting data directly at the research area (purpose sampling method).  For instance, species and density of gastropods were descriptively analyzed, using diversity index and evenes index. For instance, The findings showed that level of water quality in  Situ Ciburuy based on gastropods bioindicators was lightly polluted. That is indicated by the low to moderate diversity of gastropods, which ranges from 1.31-1.98. The Shannon evenness index (0,73-0.95) revealed low gastropod species diversity in Situ Ciburuy, indicating low evenness of gastropod in Situ Ciburuy.


Author(s):  
Mary Jane Perry

Phytoplankton plays a critical role in determining light fields of the world’s oceans, primarily through absorption of light by photosynthetic pigments (see Chapters 1 to 5). Consequently there has been considerable interest from optical researchers in determining phytoplankton absorption. Conversely, from the biological point of view, this absorption assumes paramount importance because it is the sole source of energy for photosynthesis and thus should be central to direct estimates of primary production. There are two logical parts in determining this effect of phytoplankton and in estimating primary production. One is the estimation of abundance, and the other is estimation of specific effect or specific production rate. The earliest estimates of phytoplankton abundance were based on cell counts. From the time of Francis A. Richards’ Ph.D. dissertation, however, measurement of chlorophyll a concentration per unit of water volume, because of its relative ease, has assumed a central role in abundance estimation. Physiological studies and technological advances in optical instrumentation over the last decade lead me to question whether the continued use of chlorophyll a concentration to estimate phytoplankton abundance was wise either from the viewpoint of narrowing confidence intervals on estimates of absorption and production or from the viewpoint of mechanistic understanding of the processes involved. The measurement of chlorophyll a has become such a routine tool of biological oceanography, however, that the reasons for my heresy require elaboration. Some of the reasons are not too subtle. Chlorophyll a exists with other photosynthetic pigments in organized arrays associated with photosynthetic membranes. The function of these arrays is to harvest photons and transfer their energy to the specialized reaction center complexes that mediate photochemistry (see Chapter 9). The size of the arrays or packages and the ratio of chlorophyll a molecules to other light-harvesting pigments within the packages vary with phytoplankton cell size, total irradiance and its spectral distribution, as well as with other environmental parameters. It is well known that dark-adapted (= light-limited) cells increase their complements of photopigments. This plasticity in pigment packaging is evidenced in the variability of chlorophyll a-specific absorption coefficients. Simple optical models based only on chlorophyll a concentrations cannot be accurate or precise unless the effects of pigment packaging are considered.


2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 04006
Author(s):  
Edy H.P Melmambessy ◽  
Irianis L. Latuperissa ◽  
Marius Agustinus Welliken ◽  
Nova Suryawati Monika ◽  
Rosa Delima Pangaribuan

Maro River is one of the major rivers in Merauke Regency that has a width of about 43-900 m and length of 300 km. The purpose of this study is to find out the type and composition of fish caught using gill net in Maro River, Merauke Regency. This study was conducted in Maro River, Merauke Regency from May to June 2014. It was conducted using survey method. The data analysis included: species composition, relative abundance, availability frequency, diversity index and dominance index. The results of showed 1,084 fish in 17 species with the following composition; 490 of Kurtus gulliveri species (37,01%), 212 of Eleutheronema tetradactylum species (20,33%), 170 of Polydactylus plebeius species (16,30%), 75 of crassilabris Cinetodus species (7,19%), 64 of Cinetodus froggatti species (6,14%), 37 of Argyrosomus amoyensis species (3,55%), 20 of Mugil cephalus species (1,92%), 15 of Megalops cyprinoides species (1,53%), 15 of Thryssa scratchleyi species (1,4%), 12 of Lebtobrama sp species (1,15%), 9 of Lates calcarifer species (0,86%), 7 of Marilyna meraukensis species (0,67%), 7 of Scomberomorus commerson species (0,67%), 5 of Nibea squamosal species (0,48%), 4 of Rhinoptera javanica species (0,38%), 3 of Harpadon microchir species (0,29%) and 1 of Datnioides campbelli species (0,10%). Based on the availability frequency, there are 37 species with a percentage of 100%, 37 species with 67% and 7 species with 33%. The diversity of fish has a moderate value of 1<H’<3. The obtained dominance index value is close to 0, then it is stated that there is no species found to be dominant.


2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sauzède ◽  
H. Lavigne ◽  
H. Claustre ◽  
J. Uitz ◽  
C. Schmechtig ◽  
...  

Abstract. In vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence is a proxy of chlorophyll a concentration, and is one of the most frequently measured biogeochemical properties in the ocean. Thousands of profiles are available from historical databases and the integration of fluorescence sensors to autonomous platforms has led to a significant increase of chlorophyll fluorescence profile acquisition. To our knowledge, this important source of environmental data has not yet been included in global analyses. A total of 268 127 chlorophyll fluorescence profiles from several databases as well as published and unpublished individual sources were compiled. Following a robust quality control procedure detailed in the present paper, about 49 000 chlorophyll fluorescence profiles were converted into phytoplankton biomass (i.e., chlorophyll a concentration) and size-based community composition (i.e., microphytoplankton, nanophytoplankton and picophytoplankton), using a method specifically developed to harmonize fluorescence profiles from diverse sources. The data span over 5 decades from 1958 to 2015, including observations from all major oceanic basins and all seasons, and depths ranging from the surface to a median maximum sampling depth of around 700 m. Global maps of chlorophyll a concentration and phytoplankton community composition are presented here for the first time. Monthly climatologies were computed for three of Longhurst's ecological provinces in order to exemplify the potential use of the data product. Original data sets (raw fluorescence profiles) as well as calibrated profiles of phytoplankton biomass and community composition are available on open access at PANGAEA, Data Publisher for Earth and Environmental Science. Raw fluorescence profiles: http://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.844212 and Phytoplankton biomass and community composition: http://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.844485


2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onkar Brraich ◽  
Sunil Saini

Species diversity, dominance and abundance of the phytoplankton community of the Ranjit Sager Wetland were studied during June, 2012 to May, 2014 on monthly basis. The main aim was to provide information about overall phytoplankton diversity of this wetland. Phytoplankton samples were collected using phytoplankton net and preserved in 5% formaldehyde solution on the spot, then brought to the laboratory for further analysis. Algae belonging to Cyanophyceae, Chlorophyceae and Bacillariophyceae were recorded. The Bacillariophyceae was the most dominant group followed by the Chlorophyceae and Cyanophyceae. A total of 26 genera were recorded, 12 were belonged to Bacillariophyceae, 11 to Chlorophyceae and 3 to Cyanophyceae. The different types of indices such as Margalef’s index, Simpson index, Shannon-Weaver index and species evenness index were employed to analysis the data. Phytoplankton converts light energy to chemical energy by the process of photosynthesis so they act as primary producers and food for variety of aquatic organisms. Phytoplankton are also act as efficient bio-indicators to measure quality of water.


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