scholarly journals TOXICITY OF SEA GRASS EXTRACT (Eucheuma cottonii AND Gracillaria sp) TO LARVA Artemia salina

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-97
Author(s):  
Danil Rama Putra ◽  
Aras Mulyadi ◽  
Zulkifli Zulkifli
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Sea Grass ◽  
Chemical Oceanography ◽  
Export Product ◽  
Safe Concentration ◽  
Eucheuma Cottonii

Seaweed is a source of foreign exchange, namely as a main export product and a source of income for coastal communities. Previous research on species Eucheuma cottonii and Gracillaria sp contain bioactive compounds that can be used in medicine, for example as anti-cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine the LC50 value and safe concentration of Artemia salina larvae. The research was conducted at the Chemical Oceanography Laboratory of the Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Riau University in July 2020. The method used in this research is the experimental method. The results of the research on the toxicity of the n-hexane extract of seaweed E. cottonii and Gracillaria sp had bioactivity compounds against A. salina shrimp larvae, indicated by a small LC50 value (<1000 ppm), namely 62.62 ppm for E. cottonii and 83.55. ppm for Gracillaria sp, so it is included in the toxic category. According to research by experts, if the extract or compound tested is less than 1000 ppm, it is considered that there is biological activity. For a safe concentration for the survival of A. salina, 6.262 ppm for E. cottonii and 8.355 ppm for Gracillaria sp.

Assessment of biological activity of brazilian medicinal plants against Artemia Salina Leach

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1639
Author(s):  
Rinalda Araújo Guerra de Oliveira ◽  
Marcus Antônio de Brito Folly ◽  
Aline Lira Xavier ◽  
Margareth De Fátima Formiga Melo Diniz ◽  
Edeltrudes De Oliveira Lima
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Ipomoea Asarifolia ◽  
Brazilian Medicinal Plants

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the biological activity of extracts of Pithecellobium cochliocarpum, Momordica charantia and Ipomoea asarifolia isolated and associated with the Brine Shrimp test. Method: solutions of different concentrations of the extracts was prepared and metanauplius of Artemia salina were added. Each concentration was tested in triplicate, repeated in two experiments. The set was left in incubation under artificial light for 24 hours and after this time the counting of the number of live larvae and dead was done. It was determined the LC50 in accordance with the statistical method of Probits. Results: the LC50 value obtained for the extracts of Pithecellobium cochliocarpum, Momordica charantia and Ipomoea asarifolia when tested alone was: 543.5 ppm, 400.9 ppm and 916.3 ppm, respectively. For the association of Pithecellobium cochliocarpum and Ipomoea asarifolia, Pithecellobium cochliocarpum and Momordica charantia, and Momordica charantia and Ipomoea asarifolia, the LC50 found was respectively: 641.0 ppm, 502.2 ppm and 706.4 ppm. The association of the three extracts showed an LC50 of 990.8 ppm. Conclusion: all extracts showed biological activity against Artemia salina and their associations can lead to interactions among its constituents. More detailed pharmacological studies should be conducted. Descriptors: Artemia; Plants medicinal; toxicity; associations.RESUMOObjetivo: avaliar a atividade biológica dos extratos de Pithecellobium cochliocarpum, Momordica charantia e Ipomoea asarifolia isolados e associados através do bioensaio com Artemia salina. Método: prepararam-se soluções de diferentes concentrações dos extratos e a elas foram adicionados metanáuplios de Artemia salina. Cada concentração foi testada em triplicata, repetida em dois experimentos. Deixou-se o conjunto em incubação sob luz artificial por 24 h e após esse período realizou-se a contagem do número de larvas vivas e mortas. Determinou-se a CL50 de acordo com o método estatístico de Probitos. Resultados: o valor da CL50 obtido para os extratos de Pithecellobium cochliocarpum, Momordica charantia e Ipomoea asarifolia quando testados isoladamente foi de: 543,5 ppm, 400,9 ppm e 916,3 ppm, respectivamente. Para a associação de Pithecellobium cochliocarpum e Momordica charantia, Pithecellobium cochliocarpum e Ipomoea asarifolia, e Momordica charantia e Ipomoea asarifolia, a CL50 encontrada foi, respectivamente: 641,0 ppm, 502,2 ppm e 706,4 pppm. Já a associação dos três extratos apresentou uma CL50 de 990,8 ppm. Conclusão: Todos os extratos apresentaram atividade biológica frente Artemia salina. E suas associações podem levar à interações entre seus constituintes. Estudos farmacológicos mais aprofundados devem ser realizados. Descritores: Artemia; plantas medicinais; toxicidade; associações.RESUMENObjetivo: evaluar la actividad biológica de extractos de Pithecellobium cochliocarpum, Momordica charantia y Ipomoea asarifolia aislada y asociada con el bioensayo con Artemia salina. Método: de las soluciones preparadas de diferentes concentraciones de los extractos y se agregaron metanauplius de Artemia salina. Cada concentración se analizó por triplicado, repetida en dos experimentos. Salió de la serie en la incubación bajo luz artificial durante 24 horas después de ese momento en poder contar el número de larvas vivas y muertas. Se determinó la CL50 de conformidad con el método estadístico de Probits. Resultados: el valor de la CL50 obtenidos para los extractos de Pithecellobium cochliocarpum, Momordica charantia y Ipomoea asarifolia durante la prueba era el único: 543,5 ppm, 400,9 ppm y 916,3 ppm, respectivamente. Para la asociación de Pithecellobium cochliocarpum y Momordica charantia, Pithecellobium cochliocarpum y Ipomoea asarifolia, y Momordica charantia y Ipomoea asarifolia, la CL50 fue encontrado, respectivamente: 641,0 ppm, 502,2 ppm y 706,4 PPPM. La asociación de los tres extractos mostraron un CL50 de 990,8 ppm. Conclusión: Todos los extractos mostraron actividad biológica contra Artemia salina. Y sus asociaciones pueden dar lugar a interacciones entre sus componentes. Estudios más detallados farmacológico debe llevarse a cabo. Descriptores: Artemia; plantas medicinales; toxicidad; associaciones. 

scholarly journals The Occurrence and Biological Activity of Tormentic Acid—A Review

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3797
Author(s):  
Marta Olech ◽  
Wojciech Ziemichód ◽  
Natalia Nowacka-Jechalke
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Biochemical Mechanisms ◽  
Tormentic Acid

This review focuses on the natural sources and pharmacological activity of tormentic acid (TA; 2α,3β,19α-trihydroxyurs-2-en-28-oic acid). The current knowledge of its occurrence in various plant species and families is summarized. Biological activity (e.g., anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, anti-cancer, anti-osteoarthritic, antinociceptive, antioxidative, anti-melanogenic, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, and antiparasitic) confirmed in in vitro and in vivo studies is compiled and described. Biochemical mechanisms affected by TA are indicated. Moreover, issues related to the biotechnological methods of production, effective eluents, and TA derivatives are presented.

Identification of Secondary Metabolite Compounds and Cytotoxic Activity Test of Papuan Grape (Sararanga Sinuosa Hemsley) Extract using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsye Gunawan ◽  
Enrick Kharo Etmond ◽  
Linus Yhani Chrystomo
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Organ System ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Extraction Stage ◽  
Cancer Agent ◽  
Concentration Series

Papua has a diversity of flora species, one of which is the Papuan Grape (Sararanga sinuosa Hemsley). It is commonly used by the Depapre community, Jayapura, as a stamina booster. This research aims to identify the secondary metabolite compounds, to test the cytotoxic activity of Papuan Grape (Sararanga sinuosa Hemsley) extract, and to determine the best concentration that inhabits the growth of Artemia salina larvae using the BSLT method. This study was conducted with the extraction stage using the maceration method by making use of 96% ethanol solvent. Subsequently, the concentration series 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 ppm of Papuan Grape (Sararanga sinuosa Hemsley) extract were made to test the cytotoxic activity on the mortality of Artemia salina shrimp larvae. The results showed that Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Saponins, and Tannins were compounded as secondary metabolite. An antioxidant research that had been carried out previously had LC50 of green-white fruit (12,49 ± 0,35 mg/ml), orange-red fruit (17,62 ± 3,49 mg/ml) and red fruit (12,23 ± 0,46 mg/ml). The community process one stalk of it into juice and used or consumed it two times a day. An inappropriate dose of traditional medicine usage can affect the organ system and had adverse effects in the future The result of cytotoxic research obtained the value of LC50 in ethanol extract of Papuan Grape was 140,863 ppm, and concentration of 250 ppm was the best concentration to inhibit the growth of shrimp larvae (Artemia salina L). The conclusion of this study was the ethanol extract of Papuan Grape (Sararanga sinuosa Hemsley) showed the highest cytotoxic activity and potentially become an anti-cancer agent.

Effect of Deicing Salt on Catalase Activity and Malondialdehyde Contents in Gills and Muscle Tissues of Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

2013 ◽  
Vol 664 ◽  
pp. 152-157
Author(s):  
Fa Yun Li ◽  
Guo Qiang Wu ◽  
Qun Gao ◽  
Zhi Ping Fan ◽  
Guo Chen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Deicing Salt ◽  
Experimental Time ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Muscle Tissues ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Safe Concentration

The present study was designed to elucidate the Catalase (CAT) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in gills and muscle tissues of Zebrafish in exposure to different concentrations of deicing salt. According to the value of 96 h LC50, five different concentration treatments (4.30, 5.38, 6.73, 8.41 and 10.51 g/L) of deicing salt were set up with no application of deicing salt (0 g/L) as control treatment, and the activity of CAT and MDA in the gills and muscle tissues of Zebrafish were measured at 1d, 4d, and 7 d exposure. The results showed that the 96 h LC50 value of deicing salt for Zebrafish was 13.49 g/L and the safe concentration was 4.26 g/L. The CAT activity in muscle tissues of Zebrafish was activated significantly (P<0.01) at 1d, and was inhibited significantly with the concentration of 10.51 g/L (P<0.05) by comparing with the control treatment during the whole experimental time. However, the CAT activity in gills was activated significantly (P<0.01) with the concentration of 5.38 g/L, and inhibited significantly (P<0.05) with the concentration of 10.51 g/L. The MDA contents in gills of Zebrafish enhanced gradually with the deicing salt concentration increased. In muscle tissues of Zebrafish, MDA contents decreased gradually during the whole experimental time.

Design, synthesis, and biological activity evaluation of (-)-6-O-desmethylantofine analogues as potent anti-cancer agents

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (14) ◽  
pp. 3070-3081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guifang Han ◽  
Lihua Qing ◽  
Meng Wu ◽  
Yuxiang Wang ◽  
Yuxiu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Activity Evaluation ◽  
Anti Cancer

The chain length of biologically produced ( R )-3-hydroxyalkanoic acid affects biological activity and structure of anti-cancer peptides

2015 ◽  
Vol 204 ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Szwej ◽  
Marc Devocelle ◽  
Shane Kenny ◽  
Maciej Guzik ◽  
Stephen O’Connor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Hydroxyalkanoic Acid

scholarly journals UJI TOKSISITAS DAN IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA EKSTRAK ALGA MERAH (Eucheuma cottonii) TERHADAP LARVA UDANG Artemia salina LEACH

ALCHEMY ◽  
2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noer Mardlatillah Sharo ◽  
Rachmawati Ningsih ◽  
Ahmad Hanapi ◽  
Ahmad Nasichuddin
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Red Algae ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Eucheuma Cottonii

<p><em>Eucheuma cottonii</em> is a multicellular algae (multicellular) that have bioactive compounds used in medicine, such as anticancer. The purpose of this research is to know the level of toxicity of the crude extract of ethanol and n-hexane red algae (<em>Eucheuma cottonii</em>) against larvae of shrimp <em>A</em><em>. salina</em> Leach and to know the active compounds contained in crude extracts of ethanol and n-hexane red algae (<em>Eucheuma cottonii</em>).</p><p>This research was conducted with the maceration extraction continuing by test toxicity against the shrimp larvae of <em>A</em><em>. salina</em> Leach (BSLT). The result of the toxicity test then proceeds with the test reagents and phytochemicals with thin layer chromatography for positive test of compound phytochemicals. Thin-layer chromatography using eluen n-hexane: ethyl acetate (7: 3) to ethanol extract and n-hexane: ethyl acetate (17: 3) for n-hexane extract. Data on toxicity of <em>A. salina Leach</em><em> </em>analyzed by probit analysis to find out the value of LC<sub>50</sub> on each extract.</p><p>The results of this research indicate that each of the rough red algae extract (<em>Eucheuma cottonii</em>) by using a solvent of ethanol and n-hexane have toxicity values (LC<sub>50</sub>) of shrimp larvae of <em>A</em><em>. salina</em> Leach consecutive 58,0128 ppm and 61,7571 ppm. Active compounds content of Phytochemical test results i.e. triterpenoid (ethanol extract) and steroids (n-hexsane extract). The TLC triterpenoid obtained 7 stains, and the results obtained steroids 8 TLC stains.</p>

scholarly journals STEROID CONJUGATES AS POTENTIAL ANTI-CANCER AGENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-52
Author(s):  
V. A. Zolottsev ◽  
A. S. Latysheva ◽  
V. S. Pokrovsky ◽  
I. I. Khan ◽  
R. L. M. Almanza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
The Past ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Steroid Conjugates

The review is dedicated to results of investigations of steroid conjugates published predominantly over the past decade. It consists of three parts in which the data concerning biological activity of steroid conjugates with known drugs, steroid dimers, and steroid conjugates with some natural compounds, their fragments and related derivatives and analogs, are discussed. The structures of 231 steroid conjugates and their anti-cancer properties are presented.

scholarly journals UJI SITOTOKSIK DENGAN METODE BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST DAN PROFIL METABOLIT SEKUNDER DARI EKSTRAK BIJI BUAH BERENUK (Crescentia cujete Linn)

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Afdhil Arel
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Test Solution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Crescentia Cujete ◽  
Probit Method ◽  
Concentration Series

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research is to find out the profile of secondary metabolite contained in the extract of seeds (Crescentia cujete Linn.) And cytotoxic test against shrimp larvae Artemia salina Leach by BSLT method. Phytochemical tests showed that the extract be expected contained the terpenoid, alkaloid, phenolic, secondary metabolite compounds. The results of qualitative analysis with positive TLC contains phenolics. The result of identification with Spectrophotometer UV-visfor determination of α max from berenuk seeds extract consisted of 3 peaks with α max 326 nm, 258 nm, 222 nm be expected terpenoid compound, alkaloid, and phenolic. The results of toxicity test using shrimp larvae (Artemia salina leach) were divided into 4 groups: 1 control group and 3 groups of concentration series. The concentration of test solution used was 1,000, 100 and 10 μg / ml. The shrimp larvae mortality was observed after 24 hours of treatment. Based on the analysis with probit method, LC50 value of seed extract berenuk to shrimp larvae Artemia salina Leach is equal to 82,30 μg/ml. This shows that the extract of berenuk berries is toxic to shrimp larvae Artemia salina Leach, presence to terpenoid content, alkaloids and phenolics in the extract of seeds berenuk.Keywords : Secondary metabolite; Cytotoxic; BSLT.

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