scholarly journals Group A β-Haemolytic Streptococcus Infection Presenting with Sore Throat at Paediatric OPD

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-92
Author(s):  
R Gurung ◽  
S Budhathoki ◽  
R Amatya ◽  
N Poudyal ◽  
S Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sore Throat ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Streptococcal Pharyngitis ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ciprofloxacin Resistance ◽  
Actual Prevalence

Objective: To study the prevalence of streptococcal pharyngitis in pediatric patients presenting with sore throat. Methods: A total of 100 patients aged 5.15 years were enrolled in the study. Verbal consent was obtained to collect specimens. The specimens were collected with the help of sterile cotton tipped swab, cultured in blood agar and chocolate agar as per the guideline. Streptococcus pyogenes was identified on the basis of Gram.s stain and its sensitivity towards 0.04 units of bacitracin disc. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the isolates was performed using Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Finding: Out of 100 patients which were included, 54 were male and 46 were female. GAS was isolated from 5 patients, of which 3 were male and 2 were female. Of the 5, S. pyogenes strains isolated, 2(66.6%) were found to be resistant to cotrimoxazole. Ciprofloxacin resistance was seen in one isolate. No resistance was detected in gentamycin, cefalexin, penicillin, and erythromycin. Conclusion: The results show that the prevalence of streptococcal pharyngitis is 5% among OPD cases, further study should be conducted in the community to know the actual prevalence of streptococcal pharyngitis. Keywords: Pharyngitis; Prevalence; Streptococcus pyogenes DOI: 10.3126/hren.v8i2.4418 Health Renaissance, May-Aug 2010; Vol 8 (No.2):90-92

Antibiotic Susceptibility Evaluation of Bacterial Agents Causing Infection in Children with Acute Tonsillopharyngitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Sherkatolabbasieh ◽  
Majid Firouzi ◽  
Shiva Shafizadeh ◽  
Iman Amiri
Keyword(s):  
Sore Throat ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Clinical Score ◽  
Streptococcal Pharyngitis ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Sensitivity ◽  
Group A

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of group A beta-hemolytic pharyngitis by assessing the outcome of the culture and the resistance and sensitivity of group A beta hemolytic streptococcus to antibiotics. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 170 patients, aged 3-15 years, referred to the clinic with complaints of sore throat. Patients’ history was collected and physical examination was performed and were score based on clinical findings. Patients with other underlying pathologies and those taking antibiotics prior to the study were excluded from our study. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed by disk diffusion method against cephalexin, cefazolin, erythromycin and amoxicillin. Results: A total of 170 patients were reported with sore throat. Patients with positive culture results were 60% male and 40% female. Amoxicillin resistance was the greatest (5%) in the culture. All isolated bacteria were sensitive to amoxicillin, cephalexin, cefazolin and erythromycin. Patients with McIssac score ≥ 6 showed clinical sensitivity 75% specificity 61% negative predictive value 94.8% and positive predictive value 20.3% for Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis. Conclusion: The results showed the higher the clinical score, the greater the chance of positive throat culture.

scholarly journals Association between Resistance to Erythromycin and the Presence of the Fibronectin Binding Protein F1 Gene, prtF1, in Streptococcus pyogenes Isolates from German Pediatric Patients

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 2990-2993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Haller ◽  
Kirsten Fluegge ◽  
Sandra Jasminder Arri ◽  
Brit Adams ◽  
Reinhard Berner
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Macrolide Resistance ◽  
Group A ◽  
Fibronectin Binding Protein ◽  
Fibronectin Binding ◽  
Cell Invasiveness

ABSTRACT A total of 301 German pediatric group A streptococcus isolates were screened for the presence of macrolide resistance and the fibronectin binding protein F1 gene (prtF1) encoding an adhesin and cell invasiveness protein. The prtF1 gene was present significantly more often among macrolide-resistant isolates. The majority of these were not clonally related.

scholarly journals Streptococcal pharyngitis in general practice. 1. Some unusual features of the epidemiology

1992 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Sore Throat ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Streptococcal Pharyngitis ◽  
Group A Streptococci ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Acute Infections ◽  
Group A ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Highly Correlated

SUMMARYThis report is based on a study of acute infections of the upper respiratory tract in 1965 and detailed records of such infections in 1963 and 1964. A change from illnesses mainly yielding viruses to illnesses mainly yielding group A streptococci was noted around the age of 5 years. A positive culture for group A streptococci in patients over 4 years of age was highly correlated with a complaint of sore throat and with serological evidence of streptococcal infection. A bimodal age distribution curve for pharyngitis associated with a positive culture for group A streptococci was consistently noted. The incidence was highest in children aged 5–9 but a second smaller peak occurred among adults in the 30–39 age group. The evidence suggests that being female increases the risk of acquiring group A streptococci and of experiencing sore throat.

scholarly journals Russia-made Mueller–Hinton agar: compliance with contemporary requirements

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-416
Author(s):  
L. V. Domotenko ◽  
I. S. Kosilova ◽  
A. P. Shepelin
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Nutrient Media ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar

At present, a rise of antimicrobial resistance requires that susceptibility of infectious agents to antimicrobial agents could be accurately evaluated as related errors may lead to selecting improper therapeutics provoking spread of drug resistance. Pathogen sensitivity to antimicrobial agents is commonly determined by a disc diffusion method. A quality of nutrient medium used in assays plays a crucial role influencing final results. In Russia, it turned out that regulatory documents such as the nationwide guidelines and clinical recommendations outlining methodology for antimicrobial susceptibility testing underlay availability in domestic market few nutrient media, including Mueller–Hinton Agar, AGV medium etc. exhibiting sometimes unsatisfactory quality. To harmonize such methodology with international requirements, theStateResearchCenterfor Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology has developed a technology and promoted manufacture of Russia-made Mueller–Hinton agar satisfying requirements of EUCAST documents, clinical guidelines, and ISO/TS 16782:2016. The main objective of this study was to compare quality of new agar product with five similar foreign media while examining 11 test strains by disc diffusion method. As a result, some of nutrient media available to the Russian market turned out to be off-standard: not all of them satisfy to the EUCAST requirements and clinical guidelines since diameter distribution for growth inhibition recommended by EUCAST for quality control does not fit into permissible range. Moreover, susceptibility of P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, Meropenem, as well as S. aureus ATSS 25923 and E. faecalis ATCC 29212 to tigecycline was assessed with certain mistakes. The data obtained by us were analyzed in accordance to the new document ISO/TS 16782:2016 “Clinical laboratory testing — criterion for acceptable lots of dehydrated Mueller–Hinton agar and broth for antimicrobial susceptibility testing”, not approved yet In Russia. To determine potential reason for deviation of data from reference range, we measured concentration of bivalent metals in all nutrient media examined by atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. We determined new patterns affecting reliability of results on microbial antibiotic susceptibility. A need to check intralaboratory quality control of nutrient media was emphasized.  

scholarly journals Microbial Assessment of Tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum) Sold at Some Central Markets in Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Forson Akua Obeng ◽  
Pokuaa Belinda Gyasi ◽  
Michael Olu-Taiwo ◽  
F. Patrick Ayeh-kumi
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
High Water ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Ciprofloxacin Resistance ◽  
Significant Health

Background. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) has a high water content which predisposes it to spoilage by pathogenic bacteria that can pose significant health threats to consumers. Aim. The study aimed to determine the various pathogenic bacteria associated with tomatoes sold in some central markets in the Accra Metropolis. Method. A total of 120 tomatoes were sampled, out of which 60 fresh, firm, undamaged tomatoes and 60 spoilt tomatoes were analysed. Cut portions of the fresh and spoilt tomatoes were swabbed with sterile swabs and cultured on Blood agar, Nutrient agar, and MacConkey agar. The antibiogram of bacterial isolates was determined by Kirby-Bauer disc-diffusion method. Results. Out of the 120 tomatoes analysed, a total of 66 bacterial isolates were recovered, 68.2% were associated with spoilt tomatoes, and 31.8% were from fresh tomatoes. Klebsiella sp. (34.8%), Enterobacter sp. (24.2%), and Citrobacter sp. (7.6%) were the predominant bacteria isolated. Agbogbloshie market (36.4%) had both fresh (18.2%) and spoilt (18.2%) tomatoes contaminated, whilst Makola market (31.8%) had a higher spoilt (30.3%) tomatoes contaminated. Although none of the isolates expressed resistance to ciprofloxacin, resistance was found for ampicillin (63.1%), tetracycline (60.1%), and cefuroxime (59.1%). Conclusion. Varying levels of antibiotic resistance bacteria amongst tomatoes sold at various markets were found. Contamination might have been caused by poor sanitation, improper handling or transportation from the farms to the markets. The presence of antibiotic resistance bacteria amongst tomatoes raises concern on public health risks associated with the consumption of fresh tomatoes.

scholarly journals Milk epidemic of angina, originating from a Cow with mastitis and due to Streptococcus pyogenes (Lancefield group A)

1938 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Juel Henningsen ◽  
J. Ernst
Keyword(s):  
Sore Throat ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Slight Degree ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Village ◽  
Lancefield Group

A report is given of a milk epidemic of septic sore throat, comprising about 100 cases.The epidemic originated from a cow with a slight degree of mastitis, produced by a Streptococcus pyogenes (Lancefield's group A).The same Streptococcus (which we did not succeed in typing) was isolated from 74% of the patients examined and from three persons who were handling the milk.It seems reasonable to assume that the cow was infected from the milkers. Owing to particular conditions in the distribution of the raw milk, it is possible that the milk delivered raw in the village involved on one day a massive contamination.The epidemic is characterized as moderately severe. No case terminated fatally.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Characterization of Invasive Isolates of Streptococcus pyogenes with Reduced Susceptibility to Fluoroquinolones

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 2130-2132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Powis ◽  
Allison McGeer ◽  
Carla Duncan ◽  
Ryan Goren ◽  
Joyce C. S. de Azavedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Group A

ABSTRACT Fluoroquinolone susceptibility testing was performed on invasive group A streptococcus isolates from 1992-1993 and 2003 from Ontario, Canada. None were nonsusceptible to levofloxacin. Two of 153 (1.3%) from 1992-1993 and 7 of 160 (4.4%) from 2003 had a levofloxacin MIC of 2 μg/ml; all nine had parC mutations, and eight were serotype M6.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Susceptibility of Streptococcus Pyogenes Isolated from Respiratory Tract Infections in Dakar, Senegal

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. MBI.S12996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makhtar Camara ◽  
Assane Dieng ◽  
Cheikh Saad Bouh Boye
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Group A ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Standard Disk

Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is one of the major causes of respiratory tract infections. The objectives of this study were to identify isolates of S. pyogenes obtained from respiratory tract infections, and to assess their susceptibility to several antibiotics. A total of 40 strains were isolated and their susceptibility to 17 antibiotics was tested using a standard disk diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using the E-test. All isolates were sensitive to β-lactam antibiotics including penicillin, amoxicillin, and cephalosporins. Macrolides remain active with the exception of spiramycin, which showed reduced susceptibility. Out of the 40 isolates, 100% of the isolates were resistant to tetracycline. Interestingly, isolates were sensitive to chloramphenicol, teicoplanin, vancomycine, and levofloxacin, providing potential alternative choices of treatment against infections with S. pyogenes.

scholarly journals Isolation, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Ergosta-5, 7, 22-triene-3β, 14α – diol (22Z) from Kenyan Ganoderma lucidum

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Sande ◽  
Danstone Lilechi Baraza ◽  
Selline Ooko ◽  
Peter Kuloba Nyongesa
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method

Aims: To determine the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Kenyan Ganoderma lucidum. Study Design: Structural determination of the isolated compound was done using spectral evidences and in comparison with literature. The antibacterial properties of the compound was done using disc diffusion method. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, between January and November, 2019. Methodology: Sequential extraction of dried samples of Kenyan G. lucidum were done using solvents hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. Chromatographic separation of hexane extract of Ganoderma lucidum was done using spectroscopic data. The compound was assayed against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Methicillin–Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes. Standard antibiotic namely; ampicillin was used as the control. Disc diffusion method was used and zones of inhibition, after respective incubation periods, were used to quantify antibacterial activity. Results: From hexane extract of Ganoderma lucidum, Ergosta-5, 7, 22-triene-3β, 14α – diol (22Z) was isolated. Ethylacetate and methanol extracts produced a mixture of complex compounds. Ergosta-5,7,22-triene-3β,14α-diol (22Z) exhibited significant activity against Methicillin-Resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (p=0.022) and Streptococcus pyogenes (p = 0.05). The most sensitive microbe was Streptococcus pyogenes. Conclusion: One major compound, Ergosta-5, 7, 22-triene-3β, 14α – diol (22Z) was isolated, characterized and antibacterial activity determined.

scholarly journals Use of the McIsaac Score to Predict Group A Streptococcal Pharyngitis in Outpatient Nurse Phone Triage and Electronic Visits Compared With In-Person Visits: Retrospective Observational Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L Pecina ◽  
Leah M Nigon ◽  
Kristine S Penza ◽  
Martha A Murray ◽  
Beckie J Kronebusch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Sore Throat ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Streptococcal Pharyngitis ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Geographic Barriers ◽  
Group A

BACKGROUND The McIsaac criteria are a validated scoring system used to determine the likelihood of an acute sore throat being caused by group A streptococcus (GAS) to stratify patients who need strep testing. OBJECTIVE We aim to compare McIsaac criteria obtained during face-to-face (f2f) and non-f2f encounters. METHODS This retrospective study compared the percentage of positive GAS tests by McIsaac score for scores calculated during nurse protocol phone encounters, e-visits (electronic visits), and in person f2f clinic visits. RESULTS There was no difference in percentages of positive strep tests between encounter types for any of the McIsaac scores. There were significantly more phone and e-visit encounters with any missing score components compared with f2f visits. For individual score components, there were significantly fewer e-visits missing fever and cough information compared with phone encounters and f2f encounters. F2f encounters were significantly less likely to be missing descriptions of tonsils and lymphadenopathy compared with phone and e-visit encounters. McIsaac scores of 4 had positive GAS rates of 55% to 68% across encounter types. There were 4 encounters not missing any score components with a McIsaac score of 0. None of these 4 encounters had a positive GAS test. CONCLUSIONS McIsaac scores of 4 collected during non-f2f care could be used to consider empiric treatment for GAS without testing if significant barriers to testing exist such as the COVID-19 pandemic or geographic barriers. Future studies should evaluate further whether non-f2f encounters with McIsaac scores of 0 can be safely excluded from GAS testing.

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