scholarly journals Plasmid profiling of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary tract infection patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabin Khadgi ◽  
Uddhav Timilsina ◽  
Basudha Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Plasmid Profile ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Plasmid Profiling

Introduction- Urinary tract infection is a common community-acquired bacterial disease. Escherichia coli is reported to be the major cause of urinary tract infection. Aim & Objective- The study was conducted with the aim of determining the antibiotic resistance pattern and plasmid profile of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli isolated from Urinary Tract Infection patients. Materials and Method- Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed against E. coli following the protocol for the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Plasmid DNA was isolated following the protocol of Kado and Liu. Results- Multidrug resistant isolates exhibited high resistance to drugs like Amoxicillin, Cefixime, Ciprofloxacin, Cotrimethoxazole, Norfloxacin and Ofloxacin. The plasmid profiling showed that all, except one, isolate contained at least one plasmid. A band of approximately 23 kb was seen in most of the isolates. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v1i1.7918 Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, 2013, Vol. 1(1): 1-4

scholarly journals The Dissemination of Multidrug Resistance (MDR) and Extensively Drug Resistant (XDR) among Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) Isolates from Urinary Tract Infection Patients in Babylon Province, Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4(Suppl.)) ◽  
pp. 0986
Author(s):  
Al-Hasnawy Et al.
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant

Antibiotic resistance is a problem of deep scientific concern both in hospital and community settings. Rapid detection in clinical laboratories is essential for the judicious recognition of antimicrobial resistant organisms. So, the growth of Uropathgenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) isolates with Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and Extensively Drug-resistant (XDR) profiles that thwart therapy for (UTIs) has been detected and has straight squeezed costs and extended hospital stays. This study aims to detect MDR- and XDR-UPEC isolates. Out of 42 UPEC clinical isolates were composed from UTI patients. The bacterial strains were recognized by standard laboratory protocols. Susceptibility to antibiotic was measured by the standard disk diffusion method Out of 42 Uropathogenic E. coli, 37 (88.09%) were found to be MDR while 5 isolates (11.90%) were XDR. The present study concluded high prevalence of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) with Multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolated from urinary tract infection in Babylon province – Iraq.

scholarly journals Efficacy of mecillinam against clinical multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli in a murine urinary tract infection model

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 105851
Author(s):  
Ilya Nikolaevich Zykov ◽  
Niels Frimodt-Møller ◽  
Lars Småbrekke ◽  
Arnfinn Sundsfjord ◽  
Ørjan Samuelsen
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Infection Model

scholarly journals Biofilm Production and Antimicrobial Resistance among Uropathogens in Pediatric Cases: a Hospital Based Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-183
Author(s):  
Dhiraj Shrestha ◽  
Pratigya Thapa ◽  
Dinesh Bhandari ◽  
Hiramani Parajuli ◽  
Prakash Chaudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Resistance Patterns

Background: The study was designed to provide account of etiological agents of urinary tract infection in pediatric patients and the antimicrobial resistance pattern plus biofilm producing profile of the isolates.Methods: The prospective study was conducted in Alka Hospital, Nepal with 353 clean catch urine samples from children. It was obtained during July 2014 to January 2015 which were first cultured by semi-quantitative method, followed by antimicrobial susceptibility testing and biofilm production assay on Congo red agar. Multidrug- resistance, extensively drug- resistance and pandrug- resistance among isolates were considered as per international consensus.Results: Out of 353 samples, 64 (18.13%) showed positive growth in culture, confirming urinary tract infection. E. coli, 44 (68.8%) was the predominant organism followed by Klebsiella spp. 6 (14.1%). Most E. coli were sensitive to amikacin (93.2%) followed by nitrofurantoin (86.4%), and highly resistant to ampicillin (95.5%). Of 64 isolates, 23 (35.93%) were found to be multidrug- resistant strains. Biofilm was produced by 36 (56.25%) isolates.Conclusions: This study showed higher biofilm production and resistance to in-use antibiotics rendering ineffective for empirical use. Regular surveillance of resistance patterns should be done to regulate multidrug- resistant bugs and to ensure effective management of urinary tract infection in children in a tertiary care setups.Keywords: AMR; antimicrobial resistance; biofilm; urinary tract infection; UTI.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase Producing Escherichia coli Isolated From Patients With Urinary Tract Infection in Morocco

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Kettani Halabi ◽  
Fatima Azzahra Lahlou ◽  
Idrissa Diawara ◽  
Younes El Adouzi ◽  
Rabiaa Marnaoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Pattern ◽  
Extended Spectrum

Extended-spectrum β-lactamases producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) lend resistance to most β-lactam antibiotics. Because of limited treatment options, ESBL-EC infections are generally more difficult to treat, leading to higher hospital costs, reduced rates of microbiological and clinical responses, and a threat to the patient’s life. This study aimed to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of ESBL-EC isolated from patients with urinary tract infection in Morocco. This retrospective laboratory-based study was conducted at Cheikh Khalifa International University Hospital, Casablanca, from January 2016 to June 2019. A total of 670 urine samples were collected from urinary tract infection patients and processed by standard microbiological methods. In vitro susceptibility testing to different antibiotics of all identified isolates of Escherichia coli (E. coli) was performed following Kirby–Bauer’s disc diffusion method on Mueller–Hinton Agar according to the EUCAST standards. The reviewing of ESBL-EC was confirmed by the appearance of a characteristically shaped zone referred to as a “champagne cork” using the Combined Disk Test. Among a total of 438 E. coli isolated from nonrepetitive urine samples, two hundred fifty-nine (59%) were ESBL-EC, of which 200 (77%) were isolated from adult patients (over the age of 50) and the majority were female. All ESBL-EC isolates were resistant to third-generation cephalosporin and quinolones and sensitive to carbapenem and fosfomycin. Knowledge of antimicrobial resistance patterns in ESBL-EC, the major pathogen associated with urinary tract infection, is indispensable as a guide in choosing empirical antimicrobial treatment.

scholarly journals Prevalence of blaCTX-M, blaSHV, and blaTEM Genes in Escherichia coli Strains Isolated From Urinary Tract Infection Samples of Patients in the Intensive Care Unit in Qom, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shima Sadat Lesani ◽  
Mohammad Soleimani ◽  
Pegah Shakib ◽  
Mohammad Reza Zolfaghari
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Escherichia coli is considered as one of the causes of opportunistic infections. Nowadays, due to the increase in drug resistance, the treatment of these infections has become very difficult and they are recognized as the main causes of death in hospitalized patients. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M genes in E. coli strains isolated from the urinary tract infection in patients in Intensive Care Units of three different hospitals in Qom, Iran. Methods: This study was conducted in three months from October to December 2014. A total of 200 E. coli samples were taken from the patients with urinary tract infections in Intensive Care units of Qom hospital. The disc diffusion method was used to determine the susceptibility pattern of antibiotic and phenotypic confirmatory tests for screening of the expanded spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) isolates. The presence of blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M genes was evaluated by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Results: Of 200 samples, ampicillin (96%) and nitrofurantoin (19.5%) showed the highest and lowest drug resistance, respectively. A total of 156 isolates (78%) were identified as ESBLs using the phenotypic method. Moreover, 76 (38%), 90 (45%), and 123 (61.5%) isolates consisted of blaCTX-M, blaSHV, and blaTEM, respectively. Conclusions: Overall, the findings of this study showed that blaTEM was the most common gene with a frequency of 61.5% in ESBL E. coli.

scholarly journals Effect of onion extract and hydrogen peroxide on Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from urinary tract infection

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Mohammed Oudah Hamad
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Resistant Isolate ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method

<p class="Abstract">Antibacterial activity of the mixture of onion (<em>Allium </em>cepae) extract and hydrogen peroxide was tested on multidrug resistant isolate of<em> P. </em>aeruginosa, obtained from biofilm on medical devices and urinary tract infection (UTI). <em>P. </em>aeruginosa exhibited high resistance rate toward sefitrixone and ciprofloxacin with inhibition zone of resistant of isolates in disc diffusion  method was detected at 8 and 13 mm, respectively. While inhibition zone of imipenem for the isolated bacteria was 20 mm. Their decontamination was tested using a mixture of onion leaves aqueous extract 10.7% (w/v) with 1.0% hydrogen peroxide. The mixture showed inhibition of the isolates. It can be concluded that a special antibacterial solution could eradicate multidrug resistant isolate of <em>P. </em>aeruginosa. </p>

scholarly journals FLUOROQUINOLONE RESISTANCE PATTERN AMONG THE PATHOGENS CAUSING URINARY TRACT INFECTION IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN KANCHIPURAM DISTRICT, TAMIL NADU, INDIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 292
Author(s):  
Shanthi Bamukumar ◽  
Kannan I ◽  
Sukumar Rg
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
E Coli

  Objective: The aim is to study the fluoroquinolone resistance pattern among the pathogens causing urinary tract infection (UTI).Methods: This study was done during January to July 2016 in Tagore Medical College including both hospitalized and out patients. During this 7-month study, around 2695 urine samples were analyzed for the evidence of UTI. 718 samples were culture positive. 366 samples showed fluoroquinolones resistance (50.9%). They were screened for all fluoroquinolone drugs by doing antimicrobial susceptibility testing by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method as per the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute CLSI guidelines.Results: The resistance pattern of different isolates to norfloxacin is Klebsiella pneumoniae - 20%, Escherichia coli - 51.4%, Enterococci - 11.1%, Proteus mirabilis - 50%, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus - 37.5%; For nalidixic acid is K pneumoniae - 25%, E. coli - 6.8%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa - 71.4%, Enterococci - 11.1%, P. mirabilis - 25%, and S. saprophyticus - 25%; For ciprofloxacin is K. pneumoniae - 5%, E. coli - 5.4%, P. mirabilis - 25%, and S. saprophyticus - 25%; and For ofloxacin is K. pneumoniae - 10%, E. coli - 5.4%, Enterococci 11.1%, and S. saprophyticus 62.5%.Conclusion: Due to increasing resistance to fluoroquinolones in many hospitals and to make the developing resistance rates under control, empirical usage of it is either abandoned or should be restricted.

Prevalence of Fluroquinolone and Third-Generation Cephalosporin Resistance among the Patients With Urinary Tract Infection Due to Escherichia Coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (Number 1) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Chowdhury MJ ◽  
Faruque CMO ◽  
Noor J ◽  
Rouf CM ◽  
Hossain MM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Generation Cephalosporin ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) has become the most frequent bacterial infections worldwide. It is well established that Escherichia coli is the predominant cause of UTI. The aim of our study was to evaluate the rates of resistance to fluroquinolone and third generation cephalosporin among the patients with UTI due to E.Coli and to assess the potential correlation between both trends. Methods: The study was a cross sectional observational study conducted at the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics in collaboration with Department of Microbiology of Sylhet Women’s Medical College and Hospital from 1st July 2019 to 30th June 2020. Results: A total of 246 urine samples were collected from patients with UTI followed by isolation and identification of E.coli strains. Antibiotic sensitivity and resistance analysis was performed by the disc diffusion method employing multiple antibiotic discs. The sensitivity was monitored by zone of inhibition around the disc. Overall rates of resistance to fluroquinolone and third generation cephalosporin were 70.31% and 65.10% respectively. The rates of co-resistance to both fluroquinolone and third generation cephalosporin was 53.13%. Conclusion: Our study suggests that fluroquinolone should be reserved and third generation cephalosporin should be used with caution among patients with E.coli.

ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM CHILDREN WITH URINARY TRACT INFECTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 152-157
Author(s):  
YOGESH OLI ◽  
GANESH BHANDARI ◽  
UPASHANA BHANDARI ◽  
SUNITA BISTA ◽  
AMRIT KUMAR BHATTARAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
E Coli

Objective: This work aimed to detect the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Escherichia coli isolated from children, as it is the most predominant pathogen of urinary tract infection (UTI). Methods: About 530 urine samples were collected and tested using the modified Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method to find the susceptibility pattern of isolated bacteria. Results: Out of a total of 530 samples, 114 (21.50%) showed significant growth. A total of 8 different types of bacteria were isolated from the growth of positive samples. Among the isolates, E. coli 66 (57.8%) was found to be the most predominant organism followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae 18(15.8%), Proteus spp. 10 (8.8%), Staphylococcus aureus 8 (7.0%), Acinetobacter spp. 4 (3.5%), CoNS 4 (3.5%), Enterobacter spp. 2 (1.8%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2 (1.8%). In the present study, out of 66 E. coli, 37 (56.1%) were multidrug-resistant strain. E. coli showed 94.0% resistance to ceftriaxone followed by ceftazidime 86.5% and cefotaxime 70.3%. Imipenem (91.9%) followed by amikacin (89.2%) seems to be the effective drug against UTI causing E. coli in children. Conclusion: Multidrug resistance may possess difficulties with the choice of therapeutic options for the treatment of severe infections.

scholarly journals The study of antibiotic-sensitivity and resistance pattern of bacteria causing catheter associated urinary tract infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 3196
Author(s):  
Abha Singh ◽  
Avinashi Kujur ◽  
Muthu Lakshmi M. ◽  
Abha Daharwal
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
The Cost

Background: present study is done to study the antibiotic-sensitivity and resistance pattern of bacteria causing catheter associated urinary tract infection. Objectives of this study were to study the bacterial etiology of CAUTI, to study the prevalence of various bacteria causing catheter associated urinary tract infection, the antibiogram (sensitivity and resistance) pattern of isolated bacteria and the percentage of asymptomatic bacteriuria in the study population.Methods: In this prospective observational study, under aseptic precautions, urine sample was taken after 48 hours of catheterization and sent for culture and sensitivity pattern is studied.Results: In this study 500 urine samples were cultured and its antibiotic sensitivity pattern was observed. Out of the 53 culture positive samples most the subjects had asymptomatic bacteriuria. The study gave the incidence of catheter associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) to be 10.6% and about 9% were polymicrobial. In this study about 7 causative bacteria were isolated. Escherichia coli were the most common organism that was isolated. On studying the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of each isolate, it has been observed that all of them are multidrug resistant and the sensitivity pattern is migrating towards higher antibiotics.Conclusions: Empirical use of antibiotics must be avoided and antibiotics must be used only after sensitivity testing. This will help in selection of the appropriate antibiotic for therapeutic use and prevent indiscriminate and irrational use of antibiotics. This will also improve the cost efficiency and decrease the duration of hospital stay.

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