Prevalence of Fluroquinolone and Third-Generation Cephalosporin Resistance among the Patients With Urinary Tract Infection Due to Escherichia Coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (Number 1) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Chowdhury MJ ◽  
Faruque CMO ◽  
Noor J ◽  
Rouf CM ◽  
Hossain MM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Generation Cephalosporin ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) has become the most frequent bacterial infections worldwide. It is well established that Escherichia coli is the predominant cause of UTI. The aim of our study was to evaluate the rates of resistance to fluroquinolone and third generation cephalosporin among the patients with UTI due to E.Coli and to assess the potential correlation between both trends. Methods: The study was a cross sectional observational study conducted at the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics in collaboration with Department of Microbiology of Sylhet Women’s Medical College and Hospital from 1st July 2019 to 30th June 2020. Results: A total of 246 urine samples were collected from patients with UTI followed by isolation and identification of E.coli strains. Antibiotic sensitivity and resistance analysis was performed by the disc diffusion method employing multiple antibiotic discs. The sensitivity was monitored by zone of inhibition around the disc. Overall rates of resistance to fluroquinolone and third generation cephalosporin were 70.31% and 65.10% respectively. The rates of co-resistance to both fluroquinolone and third generation cephalosporin was 53.13%. Conclusion: Our study suggests that fluroquinolone should be reserved and third generation cephalosporin should be used with caution among patients with E.coli.

scholarly journals Biofilm production and its correlation with antibiogram among clinical isolates of uropathogenic Escherichia coli

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 638
Author(s):  
Monika Yadav ◽  
Sulochana D. Khumanthem ◽  
Mamta D. Kshetrimayum ◽  
Shan Damrolien
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the commonest health problem encountered in clinical practice. The biofilms play major role in decreasing the susceptibility to the antimicrobial agents. The present study aimed at isolation and identification of Escherichia coli from cases of urinary tract infection, and to find out production of biofilms by these isolates and to correlate it with antimicrobial resistance.Methods: This study was a cross sectional study. Urine specimen from patients suspected of UTIs were collected and processed by standard operative procedure, antibiotic susceptibility test was done by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Biofilm production in isolates was done by Tissue culture plate (TCP) method, Christensen’s test tube (CTT) method, and Congo red agar (CRA) method.Results: Out of the total of 250 isolates 191 (76%) showed biofilm positive by TCP method, 180 (72%) showed biofilm positive by CTT method, 161 (64%) showed biofilm positive by CRA method. 90% of total extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli were biofilm producers. There is more resistance for each and every antibiotic among biofilm producers in comparision to biofilm non producers.Conclusions: The microbial biofilms may pose a public health problem, as the microorganisms in the biofilms are difficult to be treated with antimicrobial agents.

scholarly journals Urinary tract infections and antibiotic susceptibility among the patients attending B & D hospital of Lalitpur, Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yadav Prasad Joshi ◽  
Shreejeet Shrestha ◽  
Russell Kabir ◽  
Anita Thapa ◽  
Parbati Upreti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tract Infections

Background:Urinary tract infection is the most common bacterial infections in humans and serious health problem in many parts of the world. It has become more complicated in treatment due to different pathogens and increasing resistant to antimicrobial agents. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of urinary tract infection and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of pathogens among the patients attending in B & B hospital Nepal.Materials and Methods:A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted in between April 2010 to March 2011. Urine samples were collected from clinically suspected patients and tested bacteriologically using standard procedures. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed for isolated pathogen using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines.Results:Out of 1260 examined specimens 25.24 % were positive and majority 61.64% were females.  The most common pathogens isolated were Escherichia coli (66.67%), Enterococcus (7.55%) and Staphylococcus (6.60 %). The drug resistant among the positive cases were reported. The highest resistant of positive cases was found with Cefexime (87.88%) and Enterococcus with Ampicillin (66.67%) and Staphyllococcus with Cloxacillin (66.67%). The highest susceptibility was for Vancomycin and Ampicillin i.e. 33.33% in each.Conclusion:The findings showed that E. coli isolates were the predominant pathogen and the presence of bacterial isolates with very high resistance to the commonly prescribed drugs. As drug resistance among bacterial pathogens is an evolving process and serious issue. Therefore, routine surveillance and monitoring studies should be conducted to provide physicians knowledge on the updated and most effective empirical treatment of UTIs. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(5) 2016 47-51

scholarly journals Clinicoetiological profile of urinary tract infection in pediatric population in a teaching hospital in south India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1958
Author(s):  
Poornima Venugopal ◽  
Carol Sara Cherian ◽  
Pooja Raghunath
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Causative Microorganism ◽  
Wide Range

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections seen in children. A wide range of organisms with varying antibiotic sensitivity patterns have been known to cause UTI. The objective of the study was to analyse the clinical presentation of UTI in children between 1-month to15 years of age and to analyse the causative microorganism and their drug susceptibility in UTI in children between 1 month to 15 years of age.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in a teaching hospital in Kerala, between July 2018 and June 2020 among children 1 month to 15 years of age who presented with symptoms of UTI. Patients who had culture positive UTI were included in the study. Clinical data was obtained from inpatient and outpatient records. Antimicrobial susceptibility was done for positive urine culture by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software version 16.Results: Of the 1057 urine samples analysed, 18.44% had significant bacteuria. 43.07% were children less than one year of age with male predominance. Fever and dysuria were the most common clinical presentation. E. coli was the most prevalent pathogen isolated followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae. Enterococcus faecalis was the only gram-positive bacilli isolated. Highest resistance was shown to ampicillin, third generation cephalosporins and co-trimoxazole. Least resistance was shown to nitrofurantoin, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, piperacillin- tazobactam and carbapenems.Conclusions: Regular surveillance programme is necessary for implementation of guidelines for empiric treatment of UTI.

Detection of Virulence Factors and Antimicrobial Resistance in Enterococci Isolated from Urinary Tract Infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surovi Era Suchi ◽  
SM Shamsuzzaman ◽  
Bhuiyan Mohammad Mahtab Uddin ◽  
Md Abdullah Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College

Background: The genus Enterococcus is of increasing significance as a cause of nosocomial infections and this trend is exacerbated by the development of antibiotic resistance.Objective: The aims of this study was to find out the susceptibility pattern and the prevalence of virulence genes in Enterococcus strains isolated from urinary tract infection in Bangladesh.Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology at Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from January 2015 to December 2015 for a period of one (01) years. All the admitted patients in the Dhaka Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka and Banghabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka who were  presented with clinical features of urinary tract infection at any age with both sexes were included as study population. The antimicrobial susceptibility of the strains was determined using the disk diffusion method; vancomycin susceptibility pattern was detected by MIC method. PCR was performed for the detection of genus-species, vanA, vanB gene and potential virulence genes.Result: Out of 84 Enterococci, majority (71.42%) of the isolates were E. faecalis followed by 23.81% were E. faecium. Regarding antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, 100% isolated Enterococci were sensitive to vancomycin, linezolid and teicoplanin. Most of the Enterococci were resistant to ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone (92.86%) followed by 88.10% to gentamicin and 85.71% to azithromycin and rifampicin. No VRE was identified and the range of MIC for vancomycin was 1-4 µg/ml. None of the Enterococci was positive for vanA and vanB genes. Out of total E. faecalis and E. faecium, 87.50% were positive for ebp and 77.5%, 72.5%, 55.0%, 45.0%, 40.0% and 10.0% of isolates were positive for gelE, esp, ace, cyl, asa and hyl respectively.Conclusion: Almost all the virulence genes were more prevalent in E. faecalis isolates.Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2017;4(2):30-34

scholarly journals Prevalence of E. Coli in Urinary Tract Infection of Children Aged 1-15 Years in A Medical College of Eastern Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (221) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Giri ◽  
Raju Kafle ◽  
Ganesh Kumar` Singh ◽  
Niraj Niraula
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Tract Infections

Introduction: Urinary tract infection is one of the commonest causes of childhood morbidity. Earlydiagnosis and appropriate choice of antimicrobials is essential. Hence, this study aims to identify theprevalence of Escherichia coli in childhood urinary tract infections. Methods: This was a hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in Nobel MedicalCollege, Biratnagar over a period of one year. A total of 163 cases aged 1-15 years were included andclinical profile, laboratory reports including bacterial isolates in urine cultures and their sensitivitypatterns were documented. Results: The prevalence of Escherichia coli is 45 (53.57%) C.I. Escherichia coli was the most commonorganism isolated in bacterial cultures followed by Klebsiella 12 (14.29%), Enterococcus 10 (11.90%).Urinary tract infection was common among females with male: female ratio of 1:2.3. Fever 152(93.2%) and abdominal pain 113 (69.3%) were the most common presenting symptoms. Escherichiacoli was found most sensitive to Nitrofurantoin 43 (95.5%) followed by Ciprofloxacin 41 (91.1%) andAmikacin 40 (88.8%). Conclusions: Urinary tract infections in childhood require prompt attention and treatment to preventsignificant morbidity and mortality. From this study it can be concluded that Escherichia coli is oneof the most common isolates in urine culture and Aminoglycosides and Fluoroquinolones can beaccepted as empirical treatment regimens for childhood Urinary tract infections.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Sensitivity Pattern of the Common Uropathogens among Patients Admitted in A Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-97
Author(s):  
AKM Humayon Kabir ◽  
SK Jakaria Been Sayeed ◽  
Prodip Kumar Biswas ◽  
SM Hafiz ◽  
Md Uzzwal Mallik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Urinary tract infection is one of the most common bacterial infections seen in clinical practice both in developed and developing countries. The causative agents of Urinary tract infection vary from place to place and they also vary in their susceptibility and resistance patterns. This descriptive study aimed to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of pathogens isolated from routine laboratory specimens at Dhaka Medical College Hospital. A descriptive cross- sectional study was done from January 2018 to June 2018. A total of 100 mid-stream urine samples from the suspected UTI patients were tested microbiologically and antimicrobial susceptibility test were performed for the isolated pathogens using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method with positivity rate of UTI was 90% (90/100). Escherichia coli (39%) was the most UTI causing bacteria followed by Klebsiella 18(18%), Acinetobacter 12(12%), Staphylococci, 9 (9%), Pseudomonas 6 (6%), Enterococcus species 3 (3%) and Proteus 3 (3%). Female 83 (83%) were more affected in comparison with male. Adult female especially age range 18-30 years were found in high risk. Nitrofurantoin, Amikacin and Meropenem were recorded as most sensitive antibiogram for most of the bacteria’s whereas cephalosporin showed increased resistance. However, for uncomplicated community acquired UTI, Nitrofurantoin (oral) and Amikacin (Injectable) can be chosen as first line medication. J MEDICINE JUL 2020; 21 (2) : 93-97

scholarly journals Prevalence of blaCTX-M, blaSHV, and blaTEM Genes in Escherichia coli Strains Isolated From Urinary Tract Infection Samples of Patients in the Intensive Care Unit in Qom, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shima Sadat Lesani ◽  
Mohammad Soleimani ◽  
Pegah Shakib ◽  
Mohammad Reza Zolfaghari
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Escherichia coli is considered as one of the causes of opportunistic infections. Nowadays, due to the increase in drug resistance, the treatment of these infections has become very difficult and they are recognized as the main causes of death in hospitalized patients. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M genes in E. coli strains isolated from the urinary tract infection in patients in Intensive Care Units of three different hospitals in Qom, Iran. Methods: This study was conducted in three months from October to December 2014. A total of 200 E. coli samples were taken from the patients with urinary tract infections in Intensive Care units of Qom hospital. The disc diffusion method was used to determine the susceptibility pattern of antibiotic and phenotypic confirmatory tests for screening of the expanded spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) isolates. The presence of blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M genes was evaluated by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Results: Of 200 samples, ampicillin (96%) and nitrofurantoin (19.5%) showed the highest and lowest drug resistance, respectively. A total of 156 isolates (78%) were identified as ESBLs using the phenotypic method. Moreover, 76 (38%), 90 (45%), and 123 (61.5%) isolates consisted of blaCTX-M, blaSHV, and blaTEM, respectively. Conclusions: Overall, the findings of this study showed that blaTEM was the most common gene with a frequency of 61.5% in ESBL E. coli.

scholarly journals The Dissemination of Multidrug Resistance (MDR) and Extensively Drug Resistant (XDR) among Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) Isolates from Urinary Tract Infection Patients in Babylon Province, Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4(Suppl.)) ◽  
pp. 0986
Author(s):  
Al-Hasnawy Et al.
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant

Antibiotic resistance is a problem of deep scientific concern both in hospital and community settings. Rapid detection in clinical laboratories is essential for the judicious recognition of antimicrobial resistant organisms. So, the growth of Uropathgenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) isolates with Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and Extensively Drug-resistant (XDR) profiles that thwart therapy for (UTIs) has been detected and has straight squeezed costs and extended hospital stays. This study aims to detect MDR- and XDR-UPEC isolates. Out of 42 UPEC clinical isolates were composed from UTI patients. The bacterial strains were recognized by standard laboratory protocols. Susceptibility to antibiotic was measured by the standard disk diffusion method Out of 42 Uropathogenic E. coli, 37 (88.09%) were found to be MDR while 5 isolates (11.90%) were XDR. The present study concluded high prevalence of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) with Multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolated from urinary tract infection in Babylon province – Iraq.

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