scholarly journals Experimental Analysis of Thermal Efficiency of Mud Improved Cookstove With Variation of Different Parameters and Economic Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-392
Author(s):  
Hari Bahadur Darlami ◽  
Bhakta Bahadur Ale ◽  
Govind Raj Pokharel
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Insulating Material ◽  
Power Test ◽  
Residential Sector ◽  
Improved Cookstove ◽  
Chamber Height

Most of the rural people of Nepal use fuelwood for cooking and space heating in residential sector. Government of Nepal has announced to make Nepal as a smokeless country by replacing traditional cookstoves. Two pot mud improved cookstove is one of the most promoted cookstoves in the context of Nepal. There is a need to study the effects of different parameters on mud improved cookstove for its better performance. The objective of this work is to study the effect of variation of different parameters on two pot mud ICS and identify parameters for its better performance. Power test of cookstove, specially focusing on thermal efficiency, has been performed by changing different parameters. Effect of varying fuel feeding rate, chimney height, opening area of air fuel inlet, inlet area of interconnecting tunnel, combustion chamber height, grate height and insulating material on thermal efficiency have been studied individually. Then cookstove has been developed by different best combinations such as a) geometrical parameters b) use of grate and insulations in best geometrical parameters and formation of channel on the opening. Thermal efficiency of modified cookstove increased from 18% to 25.6%; i.e. the increment of 7.60%. Economic analysis of different thermal efficiencies cookstove has been performed.

Performance Analysis of the Photovoltaic/Thermal Collector (PV/T) System for Different Malaysian Climatic Conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 467 ◽  
pp. 522-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakhr M. Sultan ◽  
M.I. Fadhel ◽  
S.A. Alkaff
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Spiral Flow ◽  
Absorber Plate ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Insulating Material ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
T System

A new configuration of Photovoltaic/Thermal Collector (PV/T) system has been designed and proposed. The (PV/T) consists of certain layers which are the glass, air gap, PV panel, absorber plate and insulating material layer. In this paper, a glazed (PV/T) solar collector using the spiral flow design absorber has been studied under different Malaysian meteorological conditions. The Performance of outlet water temperature, thermal, electrical and combined (PV/T) efficiencies under two different Malaysian climatic conditions (sunny and cloudy) days have been evaluated. Based on the simulation results, the maximum hourly thermal efficiency of sunny day is 61.3%, while the maximum hourly thermal efficiency of cloudy day is 59.6%. The electrical efficiencies for typical sunny and cloudy days are 12.89%, 13.03%, respectively. The maximum hourly combined (PV/T) efficiency for typical sunny and cloudy days are 74.1% and 72.63%, respectively. As seen from the results, the proposed (PV/T) system design is applicable to be used under different Malaysian climate conditions.

A Numerical Study of NOx Reduction for a DI Diesel Engine With Complex Geometry

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renshan Liu ◽  
Chao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Di Diesel Engine

A numerical study of NOx reduction for a Direct Injection (DI) Diesel engine with complex geometry, which includes intake/exhaust ports and moving valves, was carried out using the commercial computational fluid dynamics software KIVA-3v. The numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the effects of engine operating and geometrical parameters, including fuel injection timing, fuel injection duration, and piston bowl depth, on the NOx formation and the thermal efficiency of the DI Diesel engine. The tradeoff relationships between the reduction in NOx and the decrease in thermal efficiency were established.

scholarly journals Watching the Smoke Rise Up: Thermal Efficiency, Pollutant Emissions and Global Warming Impact of Three Biomass Cookstoves in Ghana

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Y. Obeng ◽  
Ebenezer Mensah ◽  
George Ashiagbor ◽  
Owusu Boahen ◽  
Dan Sweeney
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Tier 2 ◽  
Global Warming Impact ◽  
Improved Cookstove ◽  
Water Boiling Test ◽  
Wood Burning ◽  
Tier 3

In Ghana, about 73% of households rely on solid fuels for cooking. Over 13,000 annual deaths are attributed to exposure to indoor air pollution from inefficient combustion. In this study, assessment of thermal efficiency, emissions and total global warming impact of three cookstoves commonly used in Ghana was completed using IWA water boiling test (WBT) protocol. Statistical averages of three replicate tests for each cookstove were computed. Thermal efficiency results were: wood-burning cookstove 12.2% (Tier 0), traditional charcoal cookstove 23.3% (Tier 1-2) and improved charcoal cookstove 30% (Tier 2-3). The wood-burning cookstove emitted more CO, CO2 and PM2.5 than charcoal cookstove (coalpot) and improved cookstove. Emission factor for PM2.5 and emission rate for the wood-burning cookstove (Tier 0) were over four times higher than the traditional charcoal cookstove (Tier 3) and improved cookstove (Tier 2). On the basis of WBT, annual global warming impact potential for emissions are estimated at 4 tonnes of CO2e for the wood-burning cookstove, 1.5 tonnes of CO2e for charcoal cookstove (coalpot) and 1 tonne of CO2e for improved cookstove. We conclude that there is the need for awareness, policy and incentives to enable end-users switch to improved cookstoves for increased efficiency, reduced emissions/global warming impact.

Thermal Analysis of a Heat Recovery System for Externally Fired Micro Gas Turbines

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Bahador ◽  
Takamasa Ito ◽  
Bengt Sunde´n
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
Recovery System ◽  
Material Durability

Several serious problems such as material durability and fouling in the High Temperature Heat Exchanger (HTEH) for Externally Fired Micro Gas Turbines (EFMGT) cause the low thermal efficiency. In this study for increasing the thermal efficiency, a duct around a cylindrical fixed bed combustor which burns wood pellets is proposed and two different designs, empty and porous material filled, are investigated. A heat transfer model, based on coupling between radiative and convective modes at the combustor and duct sides is developed to evaluate the important geometrical parameters in the different designs. The predicted results for the empty duct show that although an increase of the combustion length increases the temperature of air at the duct outlet, an increase of the combustor diameter is more effective. In addition, an increase of the duct cross section is the most effective way and according to the predictions, the pressure drop in this case is still acceptable. The porous duct design shows a significant increase in the air temperature at the duct outlet. However, the pressure drop is high. The investigation shows the possibility of reduction of the pressure drop with the same amount of heat transfer by selecting suitable particle size and porosity.

scholarly journals Augmentation of freshwater productivity in single slope solar still using Luffa acutangula fibres

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subbarama Kousik Suraparaju ◽  
Sendhil Kumar Natarajan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Porous Structure ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Wet Surface ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Luffa Acutangula

Abstract The prime intention of the current research is to enhance the freshwater productivity of the solar still (SS) by using Luffa acutangula fibres (LAF). The dried LA fibres were introduced into the absorber basin of solar still to enhance the wet surface area through its porous structure that leads to augmented evaporation of water from the absorber basin. The effect of the number of LAF in absorber basin such as 10,13,14,15,16,20 and 25 on freshwater productivity was estimated. The results revealed that SSLAF with 15 fibres in the absorber basin increased the yield by 25.23%. Besides, solar still with 10,13,14,16,20 and 25 fibres in the absorber basin increased the yield by 12.27%, 17.45%, 22.04%, 22.69%, 14.64% and 4.09% respectively when compared to conventional solar still (CSS). The average thermal efficiency of the SSLAF with 15 LAF was increased by 28.35% whereas, for 10,13,14,16,20 and 25 LAF, the average thermal efficiency was increasedby 11.05%, 16.99%, 22.53%, 19.93%, 11.29% and 3.9% respectively when compared to CSS.The economic analysis resulted that the cost per litre freshwater yield from the SSLAF is 22.5% lower than CSS. Also, the payback period of SSLAF is comparatively lesser than that of CSS.

scholarly journals Geometry of Remeltings and Efficiency of the Surface Remelting Process Applied to Cobalt Alloy Castings

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-98
Author(s):  
M. Mróz ◽  
W. Orłowicz ◽  
M. Tupaj
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Current Intensity ◽  
Protective Atmosphere ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Cobalt Alloy ◽  
Scanning Velocity ◽  
Gas Tungsten Arc ◽  
Alloy Castings

Abstract The paper summarises results of measurements of remelting area geometry, thermal efficiency and melting efficiency characterising the surface remelting process applied to castings of MAR-M-509 cobalt alloy. The remelting process was carried out with the use of GTAW (Gas Tungsten Arc Welding) method in protective atmosphere of helium, at the electric current intensity in the range from 100 A to 300 A, and the electric arc scanning velocity vs in the range from 200 mm/min to 800 mm/min. The effect of current intensity and electric arc scanning velocity on geometrical parameters of remeltings, thermal efficiency, and melting efficiency characterising the remelting process has been determined.

scholarly journals Performance evaluation of two pot raised mud improved cookstove

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
Hari Bahadur Darlami
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Total Emission ◽  
Fugitive Emission ◽  
Emission Performance ◽  
Improved Cookstove ◽  
Water Boiling Test ◽  
Tier 1

Biomass cookstove is widely used in the rural areas of Nepal for cooking and space heating. Its thermal and emission performance keeps importance environmentally, economically and socially.  Chimney operated two pot raised mud Improved Cookstove (ICS) is one of Nepal’s most promoted cookstoves. The goal of this study is to evaluate the thermal and emission performance. Thermal and emission performance has been obtained by water boiling test and emission parameters have been measured by using Laboratory Emissions Monitoring System (LEMS). The thermal efficiency of cookstove has been improved from 17.99% to 24.7 % i.e. Tier 1 to 2 with the fabrication of appropriate material and accessories. Similarly total emission performance has been found in Tier 1 and fugitive emission performance has been found in Tier 5. Experimental results of thermal efficiency and fugitive emission complied with the performance target of the cookstove.

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