scholarly journals Performance evaluation of two pot raised mud improved cookstove

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
Hari Bahadur Darlami
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Total Emission ◽  
Fugitive Emission ◽  
Emission Performance ◽  
Improved Cookstove ◽  
Water Boiling Test ◽  
Tier 1

Biomass cookstove is widely used in the rural areas of Nepal for cooking and space heating. Its thermal and emission performance keeps importance environmentally, economically and socially.  Chimney operated two pot raised mud Improved Cookstove (ICS) is one of Nepal’s most promoted cookstoves. The goal of this study is to evaluate the thermal and emission performance. Thermal and emission performance has been obtained by water boiling test and emission parameters have been measured by using Laboratory Emissions Monitoring System (LEMS). The thermal efficiency of cookstove has been improved from 17.99% to 24.7 % i.e. Tier 1 to 2 with the fabrication of appropriate material and accessories. Similarly total emission performance has been found in Tier 1 and fugitive emission performance has been found in Tier 5. Experimental results of thermal efficiency and fugitive emission complied with the performance target of the cookstove.

scholarly journals Watching the Smoke Rise Up: Thermal Efficiency, Pollutant Emissions and Global Warming Impact of Three Biomass Cookstoves in Ghana

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Y. Obeng ◽  
Ebenezer Mensah ◽  
George Ashiagbor ◽  
Owusu Boahen ◽  
Dan Sweeney
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Tier 2 ◽  
Global Warming Impact ◽  
Improved Cookstove ◽  
Water Boiling Test ◽  
Wood Burning ◽  
Tier 3

In Ghana, about 73% of households rely on solid fuels for cooking. Over 13,000 annual deaths are attributed to exposure to indoor air pollution from inefficient combustion. In this study, assessment of thermal efficiency, emissions and total global warming impact of three cookstoves commonly used in Ghana was completed using IWA water boiling test (WBT) protocol. Statistical averages of three replicate tests for each cookstove were computed. Thermal efficiency results were: wood-burning cookstove 12.2% (Tier 0), traditional charcoal cookstove 23.3% (Tier 1-2) and improved charcoal cookstove 30% (Tier 2-3). The wood-burning cookstove emitted more CO, CO2 and PM2.5 than charcoal cookstove (coalpot) and improved cookstove. Emission factor for PM2.5 and emission rate for the wood-burning cookstove (Tier 0) were over four times higher than the traditional charcoal cookstove (Tier 3) and improved cookstove (Tier 2). On the basis of WBT, annual global warming impact potential for emissions are estimated at 4 tonnes of CO2e for the wood-burning cookstove, 1.5 tonnes of CO2e for charcoal cookstove (coalpot) and 1 tonne of CO2e for improved cookstove. We conclude that there is the need for awareness, policy and incentives to enable end-users switch to improved cookstoves for increased efficiency, reduced emissions/global warming impact.

scholarly journals Development and Performance Evaluation of an Improved Thermal Performance Wood Stove using Skirt

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-102
Author(s):  
I. Ajunwa ◽  
C.O. Folayan ◽  
G.Y. Pam ◽  
S. Abubakar ◽  
M.J. Iorpenda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Wood Stove ◽  
Water Boiling Test ◽  
And Performance

The importance of heat energy source from wood to humanity cannot be over emphasised since many depend on it for their heating needs. In this work, a wood stove was designed, constructed and tested without a skirt and with a detachable skirt of height 120 mm (same height as the pot used for the experiment) to ascertain the influence of the skirt on the stove in terms of thermal performance in a water boiling test. Thermal efficiency and specific fuel consumption were evaluated. It was found that the stove tested without a skirt gave an average thermal efficiency of 31.33% and an average specific fuel consumption of 0.14 kg/l. When tested with a skirt, however, the stove gave an average thermal efficiency of 38.65% and an average specific fuel consumption of 0.09 kg/l. This signifies an improvement in thermal performance by the use of skirt on the stove designed. Keywords: Humanity, Globally, Detachable-skirt, Thermal performance, Wood stove.

scholarly journals Design, Fabrication and Testing of a Forced Draft Biomass Cook Stove

2021 ◽  
pp. 124-130
Author(s):  
Anamika Pol ◽  
Abhinav Khandekar ◽  
Ankur Sharma ◽  
Kush Shrivastava ◽  
Pragyan Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Emission Performance ◽  
Water Boiling Test ◽  
Forced Draft ◽  
Cook Stoves ◽  
Design Calculations

An approach towards an Improvement in performance of cook stoves has been a great challenge to scientists and researchers as biomass cook stoves are one of the basic needs of people living in rural areas. But due to household pollution by Traditional Cook stoves causes illness to people preparing for their regular meals near it. So, taking an initiative for Designing, Fabricating and Improvisation in the performance of Forced Draft cook stoves by placing proper Primary and Secondary holes in combustion chamber which gives better air distribution for proper combustion to get Lower Emission rates. Various experimentations are being performed on the basis of standard protocols i.e. BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards), VITA (Volunteer in Technical Assistance), EPTP (Emission Performance Test Protocol), WBT (Water Boiling Test) amongst which BIS had an upper hand and had very less uncertainty of errors due to which it is mostly being used in checking and improving emission performance of cook stoves for more efficient use with less chances of health issues. This paper consists of Design, Calculations and Constructional working of Forced Draft Biomass Cook stove and also the Burning rate Calculations were carried out to check fuel burnt rate.

scholarly journals Performance Test of a Household Rocket Stoves Fired with Coconut Frond, Coconut Shell and Bamboo

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Almuzakkir . ◽  
Muhammad . ◽  
Adi Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Water Boiling Test ◽  
A Value

Fuel is something that is very important in everyday life. Almost every human being needs fuel to meet their needs and support their activities, for example cooking in household needs. Currently, fossil fuels or fuel oil (BBM) are still widely used to meet demand, however, it should be noted that fossil fuels or fuel oil (BBM) are non-renewable natural resources. The biomass rocket stove is one of the modern stove innovations that uses biomass energy as the main energy source. Rocket stoves are designed to increase fuel efficiency with thermal efficiency, a combination of the increased combustion efficiency and heat transfer associated with burning briquette fuel. The purpose of this research is to design and manufacture rocket stove fired with coconut and bamboo biomass for household needs as well as developing methods and equipment for performance testing of rocket stoves. In this study, several steps were carried out, including designing a rocket furnace, selecting biomass fuel and testing the performance of a rocket furnace. From the design of the biomass stove, it is noteworthy that the design with two holes makes the combustion air easily enters and makes combustion in the furnace more perfect and efficient. Water boiling test using three types of solid fuels with the cold start condition suggested that the highest thermal efficiency was coconut fronds with a value of 38% and the lowest thermal efficiency was found from coconut shell combustion, i.e. 22%. During hot start test, the highest thermal efficiency was obtained from coconut fronds firing with a value of 41%. Moreover, with simmer water boiling test method, firing the rocket stove with coconut fronds showed the highest thermal efficiency with a value of 37%. Keywords: Rocket Stoves, Coconut Fronds and Shells, Bamboo, Thermal Efficiency, .Water Boiling Tests.

Effect of Ethanol-Air Equivalence Ratio on Performance of an Endoreversible Otto Engine

2011 ◽  
Vol 110-116 ◽  
pp. 273-277
Author(s):  
Rahim Ebrahim ◽  
Mahmoud Reza Tadayon ◽  
Farshad Tahmasebi Gandomkari ◽  
Kamyar Mahbobian
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Otto Cycle ◽  
World Community ◽  
Maximum Power Output ◽  
The World

Today, the world community is looking for fuel efficient and environmentally viable alternatives for many of the traditional energy conversion approaches. This development has further worked to increase the technical focus on conventional cycles for making them more optimum in terms of performance. Hence, the objective of this paper is to study the effect of ethanol-air equivalence ratio on the power output and the indicated thermal efficiency of an air standard Otto cycle. Optimization of the cycle has been performed for power output as well as for thermal efficiency with respect to compression ratio. The results show that the maximum power output, the optimal compression ratio corresponding to maximum power output point, the optimal compression ratio corresponding to maximum thermal efficiency point and the working range of the cycle first increase and then decrease as the equivalence ratio increases. The result obtained herein provides a guide to the performance evaluation and improvement for practical Otto engines.

The Investigation of Residential Energy Consumption in Rural Areas Surrounding the Xi'an City

2011 ◽  
Vol 374-377 ◽  
pp. 316-321
Author(s):  
Mei He ◽  
Hua Guo ◽  
Jin Wu ◽  
Xin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Xi’An City

The main purpose that should be put in the first place on residential constructions in the rural areas is how to guide the consumers to build residential buildings that are energy effective, comfortable, cost effective, and with construction techniques that are appropriate for the local conditions. Before investigating residential buildings that are suitable for local conditions, we have to discover the local economic status and their living habit in depth. This article puts emphasis on to survey the relationship between dwelling habits and energy consumption in the rural areas, also, space heating and cooling method, the use of solar energy, marsh gas and any other renewable sources of energy, as well as the thermal environment of residential buildings are investigated and analyzed. we conclude that, in the rim of Xi'an city, most of the fuel sources for space heating in winter used in the rural areas are fireweed and cornstock. Most of the energy sources are crops waste materials that are not environmental friendly, thus, it's necessary to popularize the use of solar energy and marsh gas.

scholarly journals Theoretical and Experimental Performance Analysis of a Novel Domestic Biogas Burner

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Lucia M. Petro ◽  
Revocatus Machunda ◽  
Siza Tumbo ◽  
Thomas Kivevele
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Water Boiling Test ◽  
Agricultural Mechanization ◽  
Cooking Process ◽  
Mixing Chamber ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Low Efficiency

The inefficient indoor burning of fuelwood on traditional cookstoves generates pollutants, primarily carbon monoxide and many other human health-damaging emissions. It is from this risk that it is necessary to have an immediate shift to alternative cleaner fuel sources. Biogas, which is among the biofuels from biomass, is one of the resources that play a considerable part in a more diverse and sustainable global energy mix. For domestic purposes in rural areas of Tanzania, biogas provides a better option that can supplement the use of fossil fuels such as wood, charcoal, and kerosene, which is nonrenewable. However, the low efficiency experienced in the locally made biogas burners hinders the large-scale use of biogas among the population in the country. With the locally made burners, the users of biogas for the domestic application face problems including heat loss and high gas consumption which affects the whole cooking process. It is against this backdrop that the current study objectives incline on designing and improving the efficiency of the locally manufactured burners to achieve the uniform flow of fuel in the mixing chamber, which will result to the consistent heat distribution around the cooking pot. The optimization of the burner was done by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) through varying the number of flame portholes and air holes as well as the size of the jet before fabrication. The increased efficiency of the burner has also contributed by the addition of the fuel distributor. The results showed that the optimum hole diameter of the jet was 2.5 mm and that of the manifold was 100 mm. The currently developed biogas burner was tested and compared with the other two locally made burners. The water boiling test (WBT) on these three burners showed that the developed burner has a thermal efficiency of 67.01% against 54.61% and 58.82% of the Centre for Agricultural Mechanization and Rural Technology (CARMATEC) and Simgas, respectively. Additionally, the fuel consumption of the developed burner was 736 g/L as compared to 920 g/L for CARMARTEC and 833 g/L for that of Simgas. The developed burner and its corresponding cookstove are both environmentally friendly and economical for household utilization in Tanzania and other developing countries.

scholarly journals Experimental Analysis of Thermal Efficiency of Mud Improved Cookstove With Variation of Different Parameters and Economic Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-392
Author(s):  
Hari Bahadur Darlami ◽  
Bhakta Bahadur Ale ◽  
Govind Raj Pokharel
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Insulating Material ◽  
Power Test ◽  
Residential Sector ◽  
Improved Cookstove ◽  
Chamber Height

Most of the rural people of Nepal use fuelwood for cooking and space heating in residential sector. Government of Nepal has announced to make Nepal as a smokeless country by replacing traditional cookstoves. Two pot mud improved cookstove is one of the most promoted cookstoves in the context of Nepal. There is a need to study the effects of different parameters on mud improved cookstove for its better performance. The objective of this work is to study the effect of variation of different parameters on two pot mud ICS and identify parameters for its better performance. Power test of cookstove, specially focusing on thermal efficiency, has been performed by changing different parameters. Effect of varying fuel feeding rate, chimney height, opening area of air fuel inlet, inlet area of interconnecting tunnel, combustion chamber height, grate height and insulating material on thermal efficiency have been studied individually. Then cookstove has been developed by different best combinations such as a) geometrical parameters b) use of grate and insulations in best geometrical parameters and formation of channel on the opening. Thermal efficiency of modified cookstove increased from 18% to 25.6%; i.e. the increment of 7.60%. Economic analysis of different thermal efficiencies cookstove has been performed.

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