scholarly journals Association of Vitamin D Deficiency with Acute Lower Respiratory Infection in Toddlers

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gursharan Singh Narang ◽  
Sunita Arora ◽  
Sahiba Kukreja ◽  
Dr Shifali
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acute Lower Respiratory Infection ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Severe Vitamin

Introduction: Pneumonia remains a significant health problem in India with significant morbidity and mortality. Objectives of this study were to identifying an effective nutritional agent that reduces the need for antibiotics, duration of pneumonia and length of hospitalization would be highly cost-beneficial.Material and Methods: This was a hospital-based case-control study: A total of 100 children including 50 cases and 50 controls, aged 2–60 months, were enrolled. Case definition of severe ALRI as given by the World Health Organization was used for cases. Controls were healthy children attending outpatients’ service for immunization or admitted for minor ailments other than ALRTI.Results: Mean 25(OH)D concentrations in children of the study group were lower than those of the control group (20.431 ng/mL vs. 27.67 ng/mL; p = 0.035). Factors significantly associated with decreased risk of ALRTI in univariate analysis were: exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months (cases 13/50 (26%), controls 42/50 (84%); p=0.000); adequate exposure to sunlight (cases 14/50 (28%), controls 42/50 (84%); P=0.000); and serum 25OHD3 <20 ng/ml (cases 28/50 (56%), controls 0/50 (0%); p=.000). Multivariate logistic model indicated that severe vitamin D deficiency (OR=NA), exclusive breast feeding (OR=.174); 95% CI (.061- .521; p=.002) and adequate sunlight exposure (OR=.179) ;95%CI (.062-.519); p=.002) were significant independent predictive risk factors for ALRTI among the children between 2 months – 5 years of age (all p<0.05).Conclusion: Severe vitamin D deficiency (<20ng/ml), nonexclusive breastfeeding in the first six months of life, inadequate sun exposure were significant risk factors for ALRTI in Indian children.J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2016;36(1):14-18

Effects of Stratified Vitamin D Supplementation in Middle-Aged and Elderly Individuals with Vitamin D Insufficiency

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 747-753
Author(s):  
Yanhui Lu ◽  
Xiaomin Fu ◽  
Lili Zhang ◽  
Minyan Liu ◽  
Xiaoling Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Oral Vitamin ◽  
Severe Vitamin

AbstractThe incidence of vitamin D deficiency is high globally, and vitamin D supplementation draws particular attention. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of stratified vitamin D supplementation in middle-aged and elderly individuals with vitamin D insufficiency in Beijing. A total of 448 subjects aged over 40 years old were selected from a community in Beijing. Among them, 100 middle-aged and elderly people with vitamin D insufficiency were randomly selected on a voluntary basis. They were further divided into control group and intervention group. The control group received health education and lifestyle guidance, and the intervention group received lifestyle guidance and vitamin D supplementation for nine months. The doses were stratified as follows: for vitamin D insufficiency, oral vitamin D3 supplement was given at 5000 IU/w; for mild vitamin D deficiency, oral vitamin D3 supplement was given at 10 000 IU/w; for severe vitamin D deficiency, oral vitamin D3 supplement was given at 15 000 IU/w. Safety evaluation was conducted after three-month treatment. The intervention group consisted of 8%, 62%, and 30% of cases who had vitamin D insufficiency, mild vitamin D deficiency, and severe vitamin D deficiency, respectively, which were similar with the control group. It showed that the blood 25(OH)D level increased significantly in the intervention group, from 14.30±4.30 ng/ml to 33.62±6.99 ng/ml (p<0.001), in contrast to insignificant change in the control group. Stratified vitamin D supplementation effectively increased the blood 25(OH)D level, as well as the number of cases with corrected vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency.

Effect of Severe Vitamin D Deficiency at Admission on Shock Reversal in Children With Septic Shock: A Prospective Observational Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 397-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jhuma Sankar ◽  
Javed Ismail ◽  
Rashmi Das ◽  
Nishanth Dev ◽  
Anubhuti Chitkara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Septic Shock ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Severe Vitamin ◽  
Severe Deficiency ◽  
Shock Reversal

Objectives: To evaluate the association of severe vitamin D deficiency with clinically important outcomes in children with septic shock. Methods: We enrolled children ≤17 years with septic shock prospectively over a period of 6 months. We estimated 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25 (OH) D] levels at admission and 72 hours. Severe deficiency was defined as serum 25 (OH) <10 ng/mL. We performed univariate and multivariate analysis to evaluate association with clinically important outcomes. Results: Forty-three children were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of severe vitamin D deficiency was 72% and 69% at admission and 72 hours, respectively. On univariate analysis, severe vitamin D deficiency at admission was associated with lower rates of shock reversal, 74% (23) versus 25% (3); relative risk (95% confidence interval [CI]): 2.9 (1.09-8.08), at 24 hours and greater need for fluid boluses (75 vs 59 mL/kg). On multivariate analysis, nonresolution of shock at 24 hours was significantly associated with severe vitamin D deficiency after adjusting for other key baseline and clinical variables, adjusted odds ratio (95% CI): 12 (2.01-87.01); 0.01. Conclusion: The prevalence of severe vitamin D deficiency is high in children with septic shock admitted to pediatric intensive care unit. Severe vitamin D deficiency at admission seems to be associated with lower rates of shock reversal at 24 hours of ICU stay. Our study provides preliminary data for planning interventional studies in children with septic shock and severe vitamin D deficiency.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors for efavirenz-based antiretroviral treatment–associated severe vitamin D deficiency

Medicine ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 95 (34) ◽  
pp. e4631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Nylén ◽  
Abiy Habtewold ◽  
Eyasu Makonnen ◽  
Getnet Yimer ◽  
Leif Bertilsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Severe Vitamin

scholarly journals Smoking, diabetes, blood hypertension: possible etiologic role for Peyronie’s disease? Analysis in 279 patients with a control group in Sicily

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Pavone ◽  
Francesco D’Amato ◽  
Nino Dispensa ◽  
Federico Torretta ◽  
Carlo Magno
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Erectile Function ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Peyronie’S Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peyronie's Disease

Objective: To assess the proportion of patients with Peyronie’s Disease (PD) and the possible association with its potential risk factors in the general population of the central and western Sicily in our weekly andrological outpatient clinic. Materials and methods: We recruited a sample of 279 consecutive patients consulting our andrological outpatient clinic. Two arms were created: the first one composed by PD patients (men with symptoms suggestive for PD), the second one composed by patients with other andrological diseases (control arm). For each patient we evaluated the age, cigarette smoking, diabetes, blood hypertension and erectile function. In the PD arm we administered validated questionnaires to determine the erectile function status by the International Index of Erectile Function 5 (IIEF-5) and the pain status during erection by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). A univariate analysis was conducted using R software. Results: We enrolled 279 consecutive patients. The number of PD patients was 97 (34,7%). The univariate analysis showed a correlation between PD and cigarette smoking (p = 0.0242), blood hypertension (p &lt; 0.001), erectile dysfunction (p &lt; 0.001). No significant association was observed between diabetes and PD (p = 0.358). The median age of PD arm was 60 years and the median age of the control arm was 63,5 years; therefore the median age of PD arm resulted lower than the median age of the control arm (p = 0,031). Conclusions: Peyronie’s disease is more common than we might think; furthermore it can be diagnosed among young patients. According to our results, cigarette smoking and blood hypertension may be considered statically significant risk factors for developing PD. On the contrary diabetes seems not to be a risk factor for PD. According to our results PD should be sought also in young patients. Further studies are necessary to confirm that removing the indicated risk factors may reduce the incidence of PD.

scholarly journals Low Level of Vitamin D is Correlated with High C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Disease Activity in Indonesian Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-56
Author(s):  
Desy Wulandari ◽  
Wisnu Barlianto ◽  
Tita Luthfia Sari
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Reactive Protein

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D plays essential role in the regulation of inflammation, such as in pathogenesis of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA). Vitamin D deficiency has been reported among JIA patients, but there were conflicting results regarding the correlation with disease activity. This study aimed to assess vitamin D serum level and its correlation with C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and disease activity in JIA patients.METHODS: Children who were diagnosed with JIA according to International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) criterias were enrolled as JIA group subjects, while age and sex-matched healthy children were enrolled as the control group subjects. Vitamin D and CRP serum level were measured. Disease activity of JIA patients was calculated by Juvenile Arthritis Disease ActivityScore-27 (JADAS-27).RESULTS: Vitamin D serum level was lower in the JIA group compared to the healthy control group (p=0.000). Among 26 JIA patients, 61.5% were deficient, 30.8% were insufficient, and 7.7% had normal vitamin D. No significant different in CRP level between vitamin D group (p=0.441), but there was significant different in JADAS-27 (p=0.001). The mean of CRP and JADAS-27 were found highest in vitamin D deficiency group. Vitamin D serum level was negatively correlate with CRP (p=0.021, r=-0.452) and JADAS-27 (p=0.001 r=-0.595).CONCLUSION: Low level of vitamin D in JIA patients was inversely related to higher CRP and disease activity,suggesting that vitamin D supplementation could be havepotential role in JIA treatment.KEYWORDS: vitamin D, CRP, disease activity,JADAS-27, JIA

Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Patients With Talar Osteochondral Lesions

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica J. M. Telleria ◽  
Lauren V. Ready ◽  
Eric M. Bluman ◽  
Christopher P. Chiodo ◽  
Jeremy T. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Osteochondral Lesions ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Level Of Evidence

Background: Vitamin D deficiency affects over 1 billion people worldwide and is common in foot and ankle patients. The prevalence in those with osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLTs) is unknown. This study identified the prevalence and risk factors for hypovitaminosis D in patients with an OLT. Methods: Serum 25(OH)D levels were obtained from patients presenting with an OLT from May to November during 2007 to 2016. Hypovitaminosis D was defined as 25(OH)D less than 30 ng/mL (75 nmol/L). Patients presenting with an acute ankle sprain (AS) during the same months served as a control group. Specific medical risk factors for hypovitaminosis D were recorded. The final OLT population included 46 patients (31 women [67.4%]; mean [SD] age 43.6 [14.8] years). The comparison AS group had 40 patients (32 women [80.0%]; mean [SD] age 56.2 [13.0] years). Results: The mean (SD) 25(OH)D in the OLT and AS cohorts were 31.2 (12.6) ng/mL and 37.1 (13.5) ng/mL, respectively ( P = .039). Hypovitaminosis D was identified in 54% of the OLT population and 28% of the AS population ( P = .012). Conclusion: Hypovitaminosis D is intimately related to decreased bone mineral density. This study identified a significantly higher rate of hypovitaminosis D in patients with an OLT compared to a cohort of AS patients. These findings suggest that when patients present with an OLT, health care providers should consider evaluating for and treating hypovitaminosis D. Level of Evidence: Level III, comparative study.

scholarly journals High prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy: A social health problem in India

2016 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 036-040 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kumar ◽  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
A. Dhillon ◽  
Sudhir Mansingh ◽  
Sandeep Sood
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
Secondary Diabetes

Abstract Background: Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is an important public health problem and is implicated as a risk factor for glucose intolerance during pregnancy. We studied the prevalence of VDD in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Materials and Methods: All GDM and T2DM patients evaluated between October and December 2014 were included in this cross-sectional, observational study. Patients with the use of vitamin D, glucocorticoids, and secondary diabetes were excluded. We diagnosed VDD as a serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) less than 30 ng/ml and GDM based on the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. The data were compared with 10 gestational, age-matched controls with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Appropriate statistical methods were used for comparison between the three groups. Results: The study participants (37 GDM, 13 T2DM, and 10 NGT) had a median (25th-75th interquartile) age of 26 (24.3, 30) years, gestational age of 24.5 (21, 27) weeks, and 25OHD of 10.5 (8.1, 14.8) ng/ml. VDD was seen in 35 GDM, 12 T2DM, and eight patients with NGT (P = 0. 9637). The median 25OHD levels were comparable between the three groups (10, 10.6, and 13.95; P = 0. 1192). Univariate analysis did not show higher odds of GDM or T2DM in patients with VDD (P = 0. 1903). Conclusion: Our data showed that the prevalence of VDD is high during pregnancy, irrespective of the glucose intolerance. Large scale population studies are required to determine the association between the VDD and GDM.

scholarly journals Observations on Refractive Status and Risk Factors for Visual Impairment in Children with Disabilities

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 403
Author(s):  
Larisa Bianca Holhoș ◽  
Mihaela Cristiana Coroi ◽  
Liviu Lazăr
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Visual Acuity Testing

Vision integrates all the senses and plays a fundamental role in the acquisition of different skills and the general development of a child. Recently, refractive errors and visual impairment have become serious health problems among children. Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of refractive errors and visual impairment in children with disabilities. Moreover, this study aimed to explore the risk factors for visual impairment in children with respect to vitamin D levels, parental smoking, and the use of spectacles. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 161 children aged 5–16 years old, divided into two groups: a group of 80 children with disabilities and a control group consisting of 81 clinically healthy children. All the children underwent refraction measurements, visual acuity testing, and plasmatic vitamin D level dosing, measured in ng/mL. Results: Refractive errors and visual impairment were found to have a higher prevalence in the group of children with disabilities than in the control group. Moreover, the plasma level of vitamin D was lower in the group of children with special health needs. Conclusions: Given the present results, children with disabilities should undergo special eye examinations as soon as possible to ensure the quality of their socio-academic lives.

scholarly journals Correlation between vitamin D levels and bone metabolism in children with cow’s milk allergy

2022 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 030006052110660
Author(s):  
Di Che ◽  
Li Yu ◽  
Yong Guo ◽  
Hai-jin Ke ◽  
Cui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Serum Calcitonin ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Objective Research is limited regarding biochemical markers of bone metabolism among children with cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA). We aimed to determine differences in vitamin D and bone metabolism markers between infants with CMPA and healthy infants and explore relationships between these in a cross-sectional study. Methods In total, we included 41 children diagnosed with CMPA and under systematic medical and nutritional care at our center, and 50 healthy children as a control group. We reviewed demographic and clinical characteristics and measured serum biomarkers. Results We found that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels among infants in the CMPA group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and levels of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), serum phosphorus, and serum calcitonin were reduced. Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum 25(OH)D concentrations in the CMPA group were negatively correlated with parathyroid hormone but not significantly correlated with calcitonin and BALP. Logistic regression showed that CMPA was a risk factor for vitamin D deficiency. Conclusions Our study indicated that CMPA was associated with disturbances in bone metabolism. Levels of vitamin D in children with CMPA were lower than those in healthy children. CMPA was a risk factor for vitamin D deficiency.

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