The Use of Arm Span and Knee Height for Estimation of Stature among Nepalese Medical Students

Introduction: Height is a significant parameter for growth and development of an individual. Arm span and knee height measurement are useful when accurate measurement for stature is unobtainable. Studies have shown that the relationship between stature and arm span varies with age and population. Thus, the aim of the present study was to analyze the correlation between stature and two measurements; the arms span and knee height of medical students of Kathmandu Medical College Public Limited, Kathmandu, Nepal. Materials and methods: This is a descriptive study. A total two hundred medical students, presently studying at Kathmandu Medical College, aged between eighteen and twenty eight years were randomly selected as the subjects for the present study. Among them, seventy six were females and one hundred twenty four were males. Arm span and knee height was measured by flexible steel tape and height was taken by stadiometer. The collected data were tabulated and SPSS 20 was used to perform analysis. Results: There is statistically strong correlation (r) between height and arm span (r=0.858, =0.736; r=0.849,=0.720, p<0.01 for males and females respectively) while knee height too has shown a similar relationship (r=0.882, =0.778, r=0.819,=0.670, p<0.01 for males and females respectively). Conclusion: This present study revealed that both arm-span and knee height can be used in estimation of the height of both males and females. The regression equations so derived can be used in cadavers or an amputee or bed ridden patients with fairly accurate results. This can be helpful in medico- legal cases as well as in study of anthropology.

Download Full-text

Height Estimation Using Arm Span and Hand Length Measurements

Journal of Nepalgunj Medical College ◽

10.3126/jngmc.v15i2.22838 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 23-25

Author(s):

Biswas Satyal ◽

Abhishek Poudel

Keyword(s):

Body Height ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Regression Equations ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Standing Height ◽

Arm Span ◽

Measuring Tape ◽

Males And Females ◽

Hand Length ◽

The Relationship

Introduction: Arm span and hand length can be used for the estimation of an individual stature. Arm span, hand length, foot length, head circumference etc. have been proved to be useful to correctly estimate the height of a person. It can be useful in various medico legal purposes. Objectives: The present study was undertaken to find the correlation between the arm-span and hand length with the standing height of both males and females and to derive regression equations for estimation of their height. Materials and Method: This cross sectional type of descriptive study was carried out with a total number of 200 Nepalese medical students consisting of 120 male and 80 female aged between 18 to 24 years. Stature, arm span and hand length were measured directly from the subjects by using anthropometric technique by a measuring tape and a spreading caliper. The data taken were statistically analyzed by computation. The relationship between body height, arm span and hand length were determined using simple correlation coefficients. Result and Conclusion: In this study, the correlation between the arm-span and hand length with the standing height of both males and females was found to be an accurate predictor of the height and regression formulae were derived for calculating the height of male or female with the arm-span and hand length.

Download Full-text

Is Arm-span an accurate measure of stature? A cross sectional study in North Indian population

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v12i7.35768 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 112-116

Author(s):

Pinki Rai ◽

Ashima Das ◽

Surendra Kumar ◽

Ritika Girdhar ◽

Paras Kumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Strong Predictor ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Legal Cases ◽

Standing Height ◽

Arm Span ◽

Knee Height ◽

Males And Females ◽

Hand Length

Background: The estimation of inter-relationship between various body parameters and stature has been an important tool in anthropometric measurements. It is found to be of great importance in such cases where direct measurement of stature is not possible. A wide variety of parameters are used for estimation of stature including arm spam, hand length, foot length, demi span, knee height, sitting position etc. In this study arm span is used for stature estimation. Aims and Objective: To find the accuracy of arm-span in predicting standing height of both males and females in studied population. Materials and Methods: The study involved 600 participants (300 males and 300 females). The data for study collected from Rajasthan by means of community visits. The standing height and arm-span were measured for each individual and analyzed. Correlation coefficient and regression equation was generated. Results: A positive correlation was found to exist between the arm-span and stature. The correlation coefficient r was found to be 0.9. In the studied population, the arm span was found to be a strong predictor of Stature. Conclusion: It can be concluded that arm-span can be used in estimation of the height of both males and females. Arm span is reliable tool for obtaining the approximate stature of an individual. It can be used for the purpose of medico-legal cases too.

Download Full-text

Analysis of Limb segment length to the total body height among the undergraduate students in a medical college of Nepal

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v11i2.26688 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 71-74

Author(s):

Muna Kadel ◽

Shanta Hada ◽

Shambhu Nath Pant

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Body Height ◽

Segment Length ◽

Regression Equations ◽

Leg Length ◽

Trunk Length ◽

Standing Height ◽

Medical College ◽

Arm Span ◽

Total Body

Background: Total body height is important for calculating body mass index, drug dosages calculations and other patient care issues. Total height estimation from different body measurements are surrogate measures of stature which is very useful when only fragmentary remains of a human body are found. Aims and Objective: The aim of this study is to develop the relationship of total body height with arm span, leg length and trunk length in Nepalese Medical students. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 441 medical students in the Department of Anatomy, KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Lalitpur, Nepal from January to June 2019 after taking ethical approval. Body height, arm span, leg length and trunk length were measured and regression and correlation analysis between them were done. Results: The mean standing height, arm span, trunk length and leg length were 161.85±9.14, 165.37±10.5, 84.80±4.23, 77.06±6.5 cm respectively. Correlation coefficient of standing height with arm span, trunk length and leg length were 0.87, 0.76 and 0.90 respectively. Regression coefficient for standing height and trunk length, standing height and arm span and standing height and leg length were 1.65, 0.76 and 1.27 respectively. Regression equations for standing height were determined. Conclusions: Total body height shows strong correlation with arm span, trunk length and leg length.

Download Full-text

EEG-correlates of work efficiency level among young persons with stress-induced bruxism

Medical alphabet ◽

10.33667/2078-5631-2021-36-25-29 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 25-29

Author(s):

A. E. Barulin ◽

S. V. Klauchek ◽

A. E. Klauchek

Keyword(s):

Regression Models ◽

Alpha Rhythm ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Maximum Amplitude ◽

Dominant Frequency ◽

Regression Equations ◽

Microsoft Excel ◽

The Subject ◽

Males And Females ◽

The Relationship

Purpose of the study. To establish the relationship between neurophysiological status and the level of efficiency in young people with bruxism.Materials and methods. Two groups of 64 and 53 subjects (males and females) aged 20–35 years old with bruxism and non-bruxers were formed according to questionnaire results and physical examination. The level of efficiency was assessed by the results of sensorimotor tracking of a moving object (the ‘Smile’ model). Spectral analysis was performed for evaluation of the baseline electroencephalograms. Microsoft Excel and Statistica 10.0 programs were used for statistical data processing.Results. The level of efficiency was statistically significantly lower in the hardest test of Smile model among the individuals with bruxism (p < 0.05). The bruxers also demonstrated a significantly lower dominant frequency and maximum amplitude of alpha-rhythm (p < 0.05), and significantly higher dominant frequency of beta2 rhythm (p < 0.05). The dominant frequency and the maximum amplitude of the alpha-rhythm are parameters corresponding to significant coefficients of the regression analysis. A negative relationship was found between the degree of error during sensorimotor tracking and the frequency and amplitude of alpha-rhythm.Conclusion. Regression models present the relationship between the level of efficiency and the alpha-rhythm severity. The regression equations make it possible to determine the functional state of the subject using an electroencephalogram.

Download Full-text

Prediksi Tinggi Badan Ditentukan dari Panjang Rentang Lengan dan Panjang Telapak Kaki Pada Mongoloid Feminina Khususnya Etnis Jawa

Qanun Medika - Medical Journal Faculty of Medicine Muhammadiyah Surabaya ◽

10.30651/jqm.v2i2.1656 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Nur Mujaddidah Mochtar

Keyword(s):

Clinical Medicine ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Body Height ◽

Regression Equation ◽

The Body ◽

Regression Equations ◽

Foot Length ◽

Arm Span ◽

Knee Height ◽

The Mean

Background: There are various circumstances where measurements are not actually possible, replacement parameters can be used to estimate body height. Many characteristics of body height measurement and how to measure it. These include anthropometric measurements that can be used for the identification of medicolegal-forensic processes. Body height in clinical medicine and in the field of scientific research can be easily estimated using various anthropometric parameters such as arm span, knee height, foot length and foot breadth, and others. The arm span and foot length has proved to be one of the most reliable predictors. This study was conducted to estimate of body height from arm span and foot length using the regression equation and to determine the correlation between the body height and arm span and foot length.Methods: This study was conducted at Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya with 182 Javanese female students. Stature, arm span and foot length measured directly using anthropometric technique and measuring tape. The data obtained were then analyzed with SPSS version 16. The regression equation was derived for the estimate of body height and the relationship between stature, arm span and foot length determined by the Pearson correlation. Results: We found that the mean body height of Javanese women was 1534,45 ± 47,623 mm, mean of arm span 1543,25 ± 60,468 mm and the mean of foot length 226,14 ± 9,586 mm. The correlation between stature and arm span was positive and significant (r = 0,715 , p <0,05). The correlation between stature and foot length was positive and significant (r = 0,726 , p <0,05). The correlation between stature and arm span and foot length was positive and significant (r = 0,798, p <0,05). Conclusion: Body height correlates well with the arm span and foot length so that it can be used as a reliable marker for high estimates using regression equations.

Download Full-text

Assessment of the relationship between self-esteem and academic score of undergraduate medical students of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan

Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association ◽

10.47391/jpma.01549 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 (11) ◽

pp. 2641-2644

Author(s):

Arslaan Javaeed ◽

Farah Khan ◽

Nadia Sajjad ◽

Sadia Azam Khan ◽

Sanniya Khan Ghauri

Keyword(s):

Academic Performance ◽

Medical Students ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Undergraduate Medical Students ◽

Questionnaire Response ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

The Mean ◽

Azad Kashmir ◽

The Relationship

Objective: To assess the relationship between self-esteem and the academic score of undergraduate medical students of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was performed from June 2018 to June 2019. The study area was Poonch Medical College, Azad Kashmir. The data collection tool was well-verified and widely used Rosenberg self-esteem scale. The study questionnaire was electronically distributed to all Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery students on the Poonch Medical College. The total student was 500 and out of the 253 completed and submitted the questionnaire (response rate of 50.6%). Results: The mean academic score of all students was 66.61 ± 5.42 and the mean RSE score was 28.66 ± 3.98. A statistically significant correlation was not found between age, academic score, and RSE score. Female students had slightly higher academic performance scores and RSE scores compared to the male students, but this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: This study did not reveal any significant relationship between academic score and self-esteem of undergraduate medical students. However, both academic scores and self-esteem can be further improved. Future studies are invited to find out the other factors responsible for better academic performance. Keywords: RSE scale, academic performance, medical student, Pakistan Continuous...

Download Full-text

Mentoring in Medicine: Introducing a structured programme in a Medical College in Delhi

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science ◽

10.3329/bjms.v16i1.31129 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 29-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ayesha Ahmad ◽

Arifa Anwar Elahi ◽

Aruna Nigam ◽

Rohan Kapoor

Keyword(s):

Medical Science ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

New Delhi ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Allocation Process ◽

Males And Females ◽

Personal Meeting ◽

The Relationship

Objectives: To evaluate the response to mentoring amongst medical students after introduction of a structured mentorship programme.Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted at Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, [HIMSR] New Delhi. A pre validated confidential questionnaire, designed as both open and closed ended questions was utilised to obtain responses from a sample size of 300 students, both males and females. Our questionnaire solicited the following information: clarity of the concept to the mentee, duration of being involved in the programme, preferred mentoring model, comments on intended benefits and those obtained, frequency of meetings, forms of communication used and preferred place of interaction. All students in 1st, 2nd and 3rd year at HIMSR who agreed to participate in the study were included.Results: A total of 231 students returned their questionnaire, making the response rate of 77%. Different forms of communication were being used, of which personal meeting was most frequent. Both males and females were contacting their mentors in person. Majority of students preferred the mentorship model to be 1:1 and faculty members as mentors instead of senior students. Most of the students wanted the relationship to be mutual on both the sides, with both mentors and mentees having a say in the allocation process. There was no preference to gender for most of the students.Conclusions: The mentorship programme found good acceptance with medical students.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.16(1) 2017 p.29-34

Download Full-text

Attitude towards Mental illness and Psychiatry among the Medical students and Interns in a University Medical College

Journal of Nepal Medical Association ◽

10.31729/jnma.703 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 52 (190) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ajay Risal ◽

Pushpa Prasad Sharma ◽

Seshananda Sanjel

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Medical Students ◽

Rating Scales ◽

Negative Attitude ◽

University Hospital ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

First Semester ◽

Medical College ◽

Males And Females

Introduction: Medical students tend to have a neutral or negative attitude to Psychiatry as a discipline. This study was initiated to explore the attitude towards Mental illness and Psychiatry among the Medical students and Interns in Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences (KUSMS).Method: A cross-sectional Questionnaire based study was conducted among the Medical students and Interns at Dhulikhel Hospital (Kathmandu University Hospital). Two self-rating scales; Attitudes towards psychiatry (ATP-30) and Attitudes to mental illness (AMI) were used to assess attitudes towards mental illness and Psychiatry among the total 159 subjects. Descriptive statistics and independent sample t-test applied using SPSS-16 for analysis.Results: Among the total 159 subjects, 56.6% were males and 27.7% were Interns. Comparison of means of each item in ATP-30 and AMI was done between Males and Females, Medical students and Interns, First semester and Ninth semester students. Most of the subjects showed neutral attitude towards all the scoring items; though there were a few significant differences in mean scores of some items in group wise comparison. Conclusions: Overall attitudes towards Mental illness and Psychiatry among the Medical students and Interns in our Medical School were positive or neutral. A further study with medical students from different institutions is needed to get a detail nationwide picture. Key words: Attitude, Interns, Medical Students, Mental illness, Psychiatry.

Download Full-text

Prediction of Stature Based on Foot Length In Medical Students of Birat Medical College & Teaching Hospital, Morang, Nepal

Birat Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.3126/bjhs.v4i2.25441 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 707-711

Author(s):

Umesh Kumar Mehta ◽

Arun Dhakal ◽

Surya B. Parajuli ◽

Sanjib Kumar Shah

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Significant Positive Correlation ◽

Regression Equation ◽

The Body ◽

Regression Equations ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Medical College ◽

Foot Length ◽

The Mean

Introduction: Stature is one of the most important anatomical parameters for personal identification. Estimation of stature by measuring different parts of the body is valuable in medico legal investigations as well as in anthropology. Objectives: The objective of this study was to find correlation between stature and foot length and developing a regression equation for stature estimation from foot length among medical students of Birat Medical College & Teaching Hospital, Morang, Nepal. Methodology: This is cross sectional study conducted at Department of Anatomy of Birat Medical College & Teaching Hospital, Morang, Nepal from 15 March 2019 to 15 June 2019. Two hundred (100 male and 100 female) medical students were enrolled in the study. Stature and foot length were measured using standard instruments. The collected data was entered into Microsoft excel and analyzed by using SPSS. Results: The mean stature in male was 165.4 cm with SD of 8.46 cm, in female the mean stature was 156.5 cm and with SD 6.56 cm. The mean foot length in male was 25.84 cm with SD of 1.73 cm, in female mean foot length was 23.35 cm with SD 1.30 cm. This gender wise difference in mean stature and foot length between males and females was statistically significant (p<0.001). There was significant positive correlation between stature and foot length (r = 0.534, P < 0.001) for male and (r=0.675, P < 0.001) for female. Regression equations were derived for estimation of stature from measurement of foot length in both sexes. Conclusion: This research found significant positive correlation between stature and foot length in both sexes. Regression equation was also derived which help to predict the stature by knowing the foot length in medico legal cases.

Download Full-text

EVALUATION OF THE STATURE HEIGHT IN THE MAHARASHTRA POPULATION BY USING ARM SPAN USING REGRESSION EQUATION

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v3i11.677 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (11) ◽

Author(s):

Dr. N. B. Gawande ◽

Dr. Ashok Tank

Keyword(s):

Body Height ◽

Drug Dosage ◽

Regression Equation ◽

Height Loss ◽

Regression Equations ◽

Age Group ◽

Legal Cases ◽

Arm Span ◽

Age Related ◽

Growth Abnormalities

Measurement of body size such as height and weight are required for assessment of growth and nutritional status of person, determination of basic energy requirements, standardization of measures for physical capacity, for adjusting drug dosage and for identifying an unknown cadaver. However, in some situations it is not possible to measure the stature of a person because of deformities of the limbs, in person who have undergone amputations or in unknown cadavers where lower limb (s) and / or trunk is mutated / absent. In such cases, stature has to be estimated using other body parameters. These estimations are also of prime importance in predicting the age-related loss in stature, identifying individuals with disproportionate growth abnormalities, skeletal dysplasia, medico-legal cases or height loss during surgical procedures on the spine. These measurements also have found application in normalizing pulmonary function in scoliosis. Hence based on these findings the present study was planned for evaluation of the stature height in the Maharashtra population by using arm span using regression equation. The present study was planned in Department of Forensic Medicine, Dr. Panjabrao Alias Bhausaheb Deshmukh Memorial Medical College, Shivaji Nagar, Amravati. The total 50 cases of the age group from 20 - 45 years were enrolled in the present study. This age group was chosen because the growth of an individual ceases by this age and there is no age related loss in body height at this age. Arm span measurement can serve as one of the most reliable body parameter to determine stature of an individual. It is useful in determining related loss in stature and in identifying individuals with disproportionate growth abnormalities. The data generated from the present study concludes that arm-span and hand length can be used in estimation of the height of both males and females. The regression equations so derived can be used in cadavers or an amputee with fairly accurate results. This can be helpful in medico- legal cases as well as in study of anthropology. Keywords: Stature Height, Arm Span, Maharashtra Population, etc.

Download Full-text