scholarly journals Clinico-Pathological Correlation in the Classification of Leprosy

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Anuj Poudel ◽  
Anita Shah ◽  
Sulochana Khatiwada ◽  
Ashok Samdurkar
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Histopathological Features ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Skin Biopsies ◽  
Bacterial Index

INTRODUCTION:- Leprosy is one of the major health problems in Nepal, caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Histopathological examination is considered as important tool for proper classification of the disease. This study was carried out to study the histopathological features of leprosy in skin biopsies and classify based on microscopy, bacterial index to correlate with clinical presentations. MATERIAL AND METHODS:- A retrospective observational study was done at Department of Pathology of Universal College of Medical Sciences (UCMS) Bhairahawa for 2 years from 1st November 2015 to 31stOctober 2017 and total 68 cases were analysed. Cases in which histopathological diagnosis of leprosy was made or considered differential diagnosis were selected for study. Ridley and Jopling classification was used histologically to make diagnosis of leprosy. Copies of issued histopathology reports, that are preserved in the department routinely were used to obtain data pertaining to age, sex, clinical information and histopathological findings. RESULTS:- This study included 68 patients diagnosed histologically as leprosy. Histopathological examination of the skin biopsies of 68 patients revealed that, the maximum histopathological cases 28 (41.17%) are BT followed by 15 cases (22.05%) of IL (15) and 9 (13.23%) of TT. Complete parity between clinical diagnosis and histopathology was observed in 55.88 % and disparity was seen in 44.12%. CONCLUSION:- For proper classification of Leprosy, correlation of clinical and histopathological features along with bacterial index is more useful than considering any of the single parameter.

F.N.A.C. AS DIAGNOSTIC TOOL OF PAROTID TUMORS AND ASSOCIATED PITFALLS IN CORRELATION WITH HISTOPATHOLOGY

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhawana Pant ◽  
Sanjay Gaur ◽  
Prabhat Pant
Keyword(s):  
Preoperative Diagnosis ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Cytological Diagnosis ◽  
Tertiary Referral Centre ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Parotid Tumors

F.NA.C has been used for ages as a safe and economical tool for fast preoperative diagnosis of parotid tumors. It has certain pitfall which sometimes leads to misdiagnosis and consequently it may have affect on treatment of the tumors. Keeping in view of the diverse classification of parotid tumors’ information from cytology should be combined with radiology as well as clinical diagnosis. Aim: To discuss some cases where there was discrepancy between cytological diagnosis and histopathological result and also suggest measures to improve the efficacy of F.N.A.C. Material and methods: The study includes 50 cases of parotid tumours who presented to the  department of ENT at Government medical college Haldwani which is a tertiary referral centre during 2009 to 2016. Only adult patients were included and inflammatory swelling were excluded from the study. All patients evaluated  Contrast enhanced computerized tomography(CECT) and  Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) followed by Fine needle aspiration cytology .Preoperative diagnosis was made upon the findings of the above investigations and different types of  parotid surgeries  were done. . Final diagnosis was made on  histopathological  examination. Result :The most common tumour  came out to be pleomorphic adenoma (23 cases-46%) followed by mucoepidermoid carcinoma(12cases-24%). In ten  cases there was no clear cut  association between cytological diagnosis and final histopathological diagnosis. Conclusion: FNAC is highly sensitive and specific technique for diagnosis of many salivary gland swellings. FNAC can be used preoperatively to avoid unnecessary surgery and biopsy. Details of clinical information and radiologic features may help the pathologist to arrive at the appropriate diagnosis and reduce false interpretation. Pitfalls may also occur with improper technique of FNAC which can be overcome by proper caution.

scholarly journals Clinico-histopathological correlation of skin biopsies in leprosy

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 452-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
U Manandhar ◽  
RC Adhikari ◽  
G Sayami
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Information ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Histopathological Correlation ◽  
Granulomatous Lesions ◽  
Tuberculoid Leprosy ◽  
Special Stain ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Skin Biopsies

Background: In leprosy, there is a range of varied clinicopathologic manifestations and the diagnosis is made from adequate clinical information combined with bacilloscopy and histopathology which helps in diagnosing different types of leprosy and separating it from other granulomatous lesions. Aim of the study was to classify leprosy according to Ridley Jopling classification and perform the clinicopathological correlation. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional comparative study of skin biopsies of newly diagnosed leprosy recieved over a period of 18 months from January 2009 to June 2010 and clinicopathologic correlation was done along with special stain. Results: This study included 75 patients diagnosed clinically as leprosy. Skin biopsy revealed evidence of leprosy in 72 cases. Maximum number of patient clinically belonged to tuberculoid leprosy which constituted 25 (33%) cases followed by borderline tuberculoid 19 (25.33%). On the contrary, histologically borderline tuberculoid was the most common type (40%, n=30) cases and tuberculoid leprosy constituted (13.33%, n=10) cases. Three cases of clinically diagnosed tuberculoid leprosy showed no features of leprosy histologically. Clinical and histopathological correlation was seen in 34 cases (45.33%). The correlation was highest in borderline tuberculoid (63.15%) followed by borderline lepromatous and lepromatous leprosy. Slit skin smear was positive in 31 cases (43.05%). Fite Farraco stain was positive in 18 cases (25%). Conclusion: The classification of leprosy requires attention to the histopathological criteria and correlation with clinicalinformationand bacteriological examination so as to facilitate accurate therapy to prevent undesirable complication. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v3i6.8992   Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2013) Vol. 3, 452-458

scholarly journals Adenomyosis: correlating clinical suspicion with histopathological diagnosis in a retrospective study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 4674
Author(s):  
Preet Kamal ◽  
Ripan Bala ◽  
Madhu Nagpal ◽  
Harleen Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Chief Complaints ◽  
The Common ◽  
Chronic Cervicitis

Background: Adenomyosis and leiomyoma are the common causes of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). In this study it is aimed to evaluate the correlation of clinical and histopathological examination (HPE) of these entities leading to abnormal uterine bleeding.Methods: This retrospective study was carried out on hysterectomy specimens of subjects who presented themselves in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology of Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of medical sciences and research, Amritsar with chief complaints of AUB not responding to conservative treatment.Results: A total of 100 women with clinical diagnosis of AUB in which hysterectomies were performed, leiomyoma was found in 42% cases, adenomyosis in 22% cases. The most frequent combination of diagnosis was leiomyoma and adenomyosis i.e. 26%. In 9% cases chronic cervicitis and ovarian cyst were detected. In one case endometrial malignancy was found.Conclusions: Though adenomyosis and leiomyoma are clinically diagnosed along with other pathological conditions of the reproductive organs but their confirmation is still to be relied upon HPE; a most important investigation.

scholarly journals Granulomatous lesions of the skin

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Gautam ◽  
RR Pai ◽  
S Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Modes Of Presentation ◽  
Supportive Role ◽  
Granulomatous Lesions ◽  
Granulomatous Dermatitis ◽  
Skin Biopsies

Background: Granulomatous skin lesions often present as a diagnostic challenge to dermatopathologists due to various modes of presentation and identical histological picture produced by several causes. The aim of the study was to study different granulomatous skin lesions and to determine the relative frequency, the level of clinicopathologic concordance and to compare our results with those of other workers. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of skin biopsies received over a period of two years from January 2007 to December 2008; was performed, and cases of granulomatous dermatitis reported on histopathological examination were reviewed along with special stains. Results: Out of a total of 1590 skin biopsies 106 (6.67%) cases were found to have a granulomatous reaction. It was common in males (63.21%) with most occurring in the fourth to fifth decades. Majority of cases (79 cases, 74.5%) were categorized as infectious granulomatous lesions with predominance of leprosy (63 cases, 79.7%) followed by tuberculosis (6 cases, 7.6%). An overall clinicopathologic concordance was seen in 97% of cases of leprosy. Conclusion: In this study leprosy is the most common cause of granulomatous skin lesions. It can be concluded that histopathology plays an important role in classification of leprosy, and in diagnosis and management of a variety of granulomatous skin diseases. Special stains play a supportive role in infectious granulomas. Keywords: Granulomatous skin lesion; Leprosy; Skin biopsy DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v1i2.5397 JPN 2011; 1(2): 81-86

scholarly journals Clinicohistopathological Correlation in Leprosy

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 248-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
M C Mathur ◽  
R B K Ghimire ◽  
P Shrestha ◽  
S K Kedia
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
P Value ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Common Infectious Disease ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Skin Biopsies

Background Leprosy is a chronic, infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. It is classified into five groups based on clinical, histological, microbiological and immunological criteria (Ridley & Jopling Classification). However, a great variation has been observed in the interpretation of histopathological examination ok skin biopsies and clinical presentation of the disease. Objective To correlate clinical diagnosis with histopathological diagnosis of leprosy patients in Nepal. Methods A retrospective hospital-based study was conducted among patients with all clinical types of leprosy, classified as per the Ridley-Jopling classification. Skin biopsies were taken from active lesions in all patients and were stained with Hematoxylin & Eosin stain and modified Fite-Ferraco stain for identification of Mycobacterium leprae. The histopathological findings were compared with clinical diagnoses. Results A total 156 patients were studied, out of which 84 (53.8%) males and 72 (46.1%) females between 8 and 86 years of age. The majority of patients 33 (23.57%) were in the age group of 21-30 years and least affected was children below 10 years 1(0.007%).Overall coincidence of clinical and histopathological diagnoses of classification was seen in 115 cases (80.4%). The maximum correlation (95.2%) was noted in LL patients (p value 0.000049) followed by BT(89.74%), TT (73.2%), BL(72.4%), BB(64.7%). Conclusion Leprosy still continues to be one of the common infectious disease in Nepal and skin biopsy is a useful tool in confirming the clinical diagnosis of leprosy as well as for the therapeutic guide. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v9i4.6338 Kathmandu Univ Med J 2011;9(4):248-51

scholarly journals Clinicohistopathological correlation of leprosy

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1095-1102
Author(s):  
A Shrestha ◽  
S Chauhan ◽  
M Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
P Value ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Histopathological Correlation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Tuberculoid Leprosy

BACKGROUND: Leprosy is a chronic infectious granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. It is a spectral disease which is classified into five groups according to Ridley and Jopling based on clinical, histological, microbiological and immunological criteria. Adequate clinical information combined with bacilloscopy and histopathology is helpful not only in classification of different types of leprosy but also useful for management of the cases.METHOD: 50 cases of leprosy were examined and clinical data was recorded. Slit skin smears were stained with Ziehl Neelsen stain. Skin biopsy was stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin stain and Fite Farraco stain was performed to demonstrate acid fast bacilli. All patients were classified according to Ridley & Jopling classification. Clinico-histopathological correlation was done. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) 16.0.RESULTS: Most common histological type of leprosy was tuberculoid leprosy seen in 19(38%) cases followed by indeterminate leprosy. Overall clinico-histopathological correlation was seen in 39.58%. The correlation was highest in indeterminate and histoid leprosy (100%) followed by lepromatous leprosy (66.66 %%) and tuberculoid leprosy (50%). Slit skin smear showed bacilli in 12 out of 48 cases (25%) while biopsy showed bacilli in 16 out of 48 cases (33.3%).CONCLUSION: In the present study, clinical diagnosis did not correlate with histopathological diagnosis significantly (p value=0.04159). The study emphasizes the role of histopathological and bacilloscopic examination to aid the clinical diagnosis for accurate typing of leprosy cases then better management of the patient.

scholarly journals A clinico-pathological study of lichenoid tissue reactions/interface dermatitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1002
Author(s):  
Deepti Dixit ◽  
Sunita S. Vernekar ◽  
Sujata S. Giriyan
Keyword(s):  
Lichen Planus ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Observer Variation ◽  
Tissue Reaction ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Inflammatory Skin Diseases ◽  
Skin Biopsies ◽  
Tissue Reactions

Background: Lichenoid tissue reaction/Interface dermatitis (LTR/ID) refers to a number of clinically diverse, poorly understood and relatively uncommon inflammatory skin diseases. This study was done to understand the histopathological features of lichenoid tissue reactions in skin biopsies and to assess the concordance and disparity between the clinical and histopathological diagnosis of variants of the same.Methods: It was a 3½ years study from January 2014 to June 2017 in the department of Pathology, KIMS, Hubballi. The present study included skin biopsies of clinically diagnosed and suspected cases and histologically diagnosed cases of LTRs. Skin biopsies received were routinely paraffin processed and H&E stained to study the microscopic features.Results: Out of 166 skin biopsies studied, 148 were histologically confirmed as LTR with majority being of lichen planus (LP) (91.22%). Classical lichen planus was the most common variant of lichen planus among lichen planus cases. Male:female ratio was 1.2:1. Clinico-pathological concordance was seen in 88.55% of the cases.Conclusions: Though definite diagnosis can be made on histopathological examination, size of specimen, site of biopsy, nature and depth of biopsy, quality of sections, treatment history and inter-observer variation (both clinically and histologically) should be kept in mind which may lead to clinicopathological discordance.

scholarly journals Innocuous Lesions and Not so Innocuous Lesions of the Skin and Soft Tissue

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Nayantara Srikanth ◽  
K. Nithin Diwagar ◽  
B. S. Padmapriya ◽  
Ganthimathy Sekhar
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Cystic Lesions ◽  
Histopathological Features ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Trichilemmal Cyst ◽  
Mucous Retention Cyst ◽  
Appropriate Therapy ◽  
One Year

Background: Cystic lesions of the skin and soft tissue are often neglected and thought to be innocuous or harmless. These lesions need to be excised to exclude malignancy. The lesions may present in unusual sites and may also be of infective origin. Thus, there is an urgent need to determine the prevalence and identify the histopathological features of the cystic lesions as the innocuous appearing lesions may actually not be so innocuous. In addition, it is the histopathological features that determine the treatment modality. Aim: To determine the features and prevalence of the types of cysts in skin and soft tissue. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of the cystic lesions of the skin and soft tissue was conducted. The records from the Department of Pathology, Saveetha Medical College were retrieved and reviewed for patients with cystic lesions of the skin and soft tissue over a one year period extending between January 2019 and December 2019. The records were examined for the following data : age, sex, type of lesion, clinical and histopathological diagnosis. Results: In all 109 cases with skin and soft tissue swellings were analyzed. Among these 53 were males and 56 were more females reported (51 %) of cystic swellings as compared to males (48%). Cystic lesions were most commonly encountered in the age group of 18 to 40 years, which suggests that there may be a role for trauma or occupation related occurrence. A variety of cysts were encountered such as epidermoid cysts (70%), Trichilemmal cyst (7%), and Ganglion (7%).Phaeohyphomycotic cyst, mucous retention cyst, hemangioma and pilomatrixoma. Epidermal cysts were more frequently encountered in males (54%) than females (46%).Most lesions occurred in the back. Conclusion: Epidermal cysts may frequently be associated certain syndromes, hence it is important to evaluate these cysts. In addition phaeohyphomycotic cysts may be mistaken for Ganglion, so histopathological examination is necessary to initiate appropriate therapy.

scholarly journals Skin Adnexal Tumors: A study of 26 cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. A538-544
Author(s):  
Vidya Viswanathan ◽  
Arpana Dharwadkar ◽  
Shruti Vimal ◽  
Parul Bhandari ◽  
Aditi Malhotra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Correlation ◽  
Rare Tumours ◽  
Skin Biopsies ◽  
Benign Tumours ◽  
Adnexal Tumors

Background: Skin adnexal tumours are a category of rare tumours. They usually present as painless nodules and papules. The diagnosis of these tumours poses a challenge, because there is usually a discrepancy in clinical and histopathological diagnosis. Aims: To study the skin biopsies received in our department and compare their clinical and histopathological diagnosis. Material and methods: Prospective study of skin biopsies received in our department over a period of 1 year. The biopsies were processed and stained with haematoxylin and eosin and studied under the light microscope. Results: Out of the 26 cases studied, 25 were found to be benign tumours with a single case of keratoacanthoma. The most common tumour encountered was pilomatricoma and the least common was syringoma. Only four cases showed clinical correlation with histopathological diagnosis. Conclusion: It can be therefore concluded that skin adnexal tumours are rare tumours which need histopathological examination for their accurate diagnosis.

scholarly journals Percutaneous C-Arm Free O-Arm Navigated Biopsy for Spinal Pathologies: A Technical Note

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 636
Author(s):  
Masato Tanaka ◽  
Sumeet Sonawane ◽  
Koji Uotani ◽  
Yoshihiro Fujiwara ◽  
Kittipong Sessumpun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Percutaneous Biopsy ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Spinal Tumors ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Ct Guided ◽  
Ct Guided Biopsy ◽  
The Right

Background: Percutaneous biopsy under computed tomography (CT) guidance is a standard technique to obtain a definitive diagnosis when spinal tumors, metastases or infections are suspected. However, specimens obtained using a needle are sometimes inadequate for correct diagnosis. This report describes a unique biopsy technique which is C-arm free O-arm navigated using microforceps. This has not been previously described as a biopsy procedure. Case description: A 74-year-old man with T1 vertebra pathology was referred to our hospital with muscle weakness of the right hand, clumsiness and cervicothoracic pain. CT-guided biopsy was performed, but histopathological diagnosis could not be obtained due to insufficient tissue. The patient then underwent biopsy under O-arm navigation, so we could obtain sufficient tissue and small cell carcinoma was diagnosed on histopathological examination. A patient later received chemotherapy and radiation. Conclusions: C-arm free O-arm navigated biopsy is an effective technique for obtaining sufficient material from spine pathologies. Tissue from an exact pathological site can be obtained with 3-D images. This new O-arm navigation biopsy may provide an alternative to repeat CT-guided or open biopsy.

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