scholarly journals Prevalence of different types of gallstone in the patients with cholelithiasis at Kathmandu Medical College, Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
SB Pradhan ◽  
MR Joshi ◽  
A Vaidya
Keyword(s):  
Gallstone Disease ◽  
Health Care Expenditure ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Brown Pigment ◽  
Cholesterol Stone ◽  
Pigment Stone ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Female Predominance ◽  
Different Types

Background: Gallstone disease known as cholelithiasis is the most common digestive surgical disorder and account for an important part of health care expenditure. Attempt was made to analyse the gallstone for typing depending upon the composition. Aims & objectives: The main objective of this study was to see the prevalence of different types of gallstone in Nepal and to correlate them with the clinical findings. Materials & methods: Gallstones of 80 different patients who underwent cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis were collected from 20th January 2005 to 16th May 2006 in Department of Pathology, Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital. Detailed history was taken. Stones were analyzed with chemical and enzymatic methods using clinical spectrophotometer. Results & conclusion: The most commonly involved age group for cholelithiasis (32.5%) is found to be 30-39 years with a female predominance (M: F=1:3.2). Cholelithiasis was found more commonly among non-vegetarian with the vegetarian: non-vegetarian ratio 1:9. Mixed type stone was found to be the most common type of stone comprising 78.75%, followed by cholesterol stone 12.5%, Brown pigment stone 7.5% and Black pigment stone 1.25%.Key words: Gallbladder; cholelithiasis; Gallstone DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v7i3.2736 Kathmandu University Medical Journal (2009) Vol.7, No.3 Issue 27, 268-271

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Gall Stone Diseases among Patients attending Surgical Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Sanjay Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Gallstone Disease ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Gall Stone ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cholesterol Stone ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Surgical Department

Background and Objectives: Gallstone disease (GSD) is a chronic disease that consumes a lot of economic and medical resources. It not only affects patients’ life quality, but also is associated with the potential risks of the development of consequences of gallstone diseases. Therefore, the study is aimed to investigate the epidemiology and risk factors of gall stone diseases among patients attending tertiary care centre in Nepal. Material and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among patients attending surgical department of Janaki Medical College Teaching Hospital (JMCTH) over a period of one year from January 2019 to December 2019. Chi-square test was applied to show the association between the two groups. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In a total of 148 patients, 69.59% had mixed gallstone, 17.57% had cholesterol stone and 12.84% had pigment gallstone. Types of gallstone was found significant for age group (p=0.006), gender (p=0.027) and presence of diabetes (p=0.003) but insignificant with presence of hypertension (p=0.992). Conclusion: Age of the patients, gender and presence of diabetes were found significant for the all types of gall stone. Further large scale research need to be conducted.

scholarly journals Morphological spectrum of gall bladder lesions and their correlation with cholelithiasis

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajni Kaushik ◽  
Anchana Gulati ◽  
V. K. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Gallstone Disease ◽  
Chronic Cholecystitis ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Calculus Disease ◽  
Gandhi Medical College

Background: Gall stones are known to produce diversified histological changes in the gallbladder such as inflammation, metaplasia, hyperplasia, dysplasia and even precursor lesions of malignancy. The aim of our study was to correlate the various histological changes in the gallbladder with the different types of gallstones (cholesterol, pigmented and mixed).Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the department of Pathology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh from July 2014 to June 2015. The age, sex distribution and the incidence of different types of gallstones was studied. The histological changes in the gallbladders were examined and its correlation with the type of gallstones was evaluated.Results: In all 1371 specimens of gall bladder were received during this period. The mean age of the patients was 44 years (age range 13-86 years) with Male: Female ratio of 1: 8.3. Out of the total 1371 cholecystectomy specimens, 1259 (91.8 %) had calculi and 112 (8.2%) were acalculus. Of the 1259 cases of calculus disease, mixed stones were observed in 840 (66.7%) patients, cholesterol stones in 289 (22.9%) and pigmented stones in 130 (10.4%) patients. Overall 1291 (94%) cases had chronic cholecystitis followed by acute cholecystitis and chronic active cholecystitis in 2% each, dysplasia in 1.5% and carcinoma cases 0.5%.Conclusions: Routine cholecystectomy performed for a common condition like gallstone disease can result in detection of diverse and wide spectrum of histopathological lesions ranging from chronic cholecystitis to carcinoma.

scholarly journals Study of histopathological spectrum of gallbladder in cholecystectomy specimens

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 593
Author(s):  
Gomathi Srinivasan ◽  
A. Sagaya Inba Sekar
Keyword(s):  
Acalculous Cholecystitis ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Chronic Cholecystitis ◽  
Cholesterol Stone ◽  
Patient History ◽  
Pigment Stone ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Predominant Type ◽  
Calculous Cholecystitis ◽  
Number Of Males

Background: Cholecystitis is one of the most common indications for abdominal surgery. Routine examination of gallbladder grossly and microscopically shows lot of interesting findings. This study aims to quantify the various outcomes of routine gallbladder examination following cholecystectomy procedure.Methods: All clinical details and data from case sheet and patient history are collected and analysed for all the patients who underwent cholecystectomy surgery in the Department of General Surgery, Govt. Omandurar Medical College, Chennai, from August 2017 to August 2018. The Study period of this study was from August 2017 to August 2018. Three sections each from neck, body and fundus taken. Tissues were processed in automated tissue processor and paraffin blocks made. Statistical analysis of the data was done.Results: Total number of specimens received were 36. And among the cases the number of females were 33 and the number of males were 3. The number of cases of calculous cholecystitis were 31 and the number of cases with pigment stones were 26, number of cases with cholesterol stone were 2 and the number of cases with mixed stones were 3. The number of cases of acalculous cholecystitis were 5. The number of cases of cholecystectomy by laproscopy were 30 whereas the number of cases of cholecystectomy by open procedure were 6. Chronic cholecystitis was seen in 34 cases and chronic cholecystitis with stones was seen in 29 cases and chronic cholecystitis without stones was seen in 5 cases and Acute on chronic cholecystitis with pigment stone was seen in 1 case and xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis with pigment stone was seen in 1 case.Conclusions: The risk factors for developing chronic cholecystitis was seen in female gender. The predominant histomorphological pattern seen in this study group is chronic calculous cholecystitis. And the predominant type of stone found in this study is pigment stone compared to mixed and cholesterol stone.

scholarly journals The profile of thyroid disorders in patients attending a tertiary care hospital in PoKhara, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
Tirthalal Upadhyaya ◽  
Raju Sapkota
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Thyroid Screening ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Roll Out

Background: The profile of thyroid disorder has been reported with limited evidence in Nepal. The aim of this study was to examine the profile and incidence of different types of thyroid disorder in patients attending a hospital appointment in Western Nepal and identify factors associated with it. Method: This was a hospital-based study. A total of 1000 patients attending the department of medicine at Gandaki Medical College, Teaching Hospital and Diabetes, Thyroid and Endocrinology Care Centre, Pokhara for thyroid examination were recruited. Thyroid disorders were classified as hypothyroidism, Hyperthyroidism, T4-thyrotoxicosis including their sub types where applicable. Results: Nearly 33% of the participants were found to have some form of thyroid disorders. Majority of the patients with thyroid disorder were females (87%). Hypothyroidism was found to be the most common type of thyroid disorder (57.5%) followed by hyperthyroidism (37.5%) and secondary hyperthyroidism (5.0%). BMI was found to be independently associated with hyperthyroidism on regression model. Conclusion: Hypothyroidism was found to be the most common thyroid disorder followed by hyperthyroidism. The findings highlight that thyroid disorder is a significant clinical burden and a major public health concern in Western Nepal. The findings also emphasise a need to roll out thyroid screening programmes in the general population so that this condition can be identified and treated early.  

Incidence of Juxtapapillary Duodenal Diverticula Is Higher in Brown Pigment Stone But Not in Black Pigment Or Cholesterol Stone

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. AB297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Tae Jung ◽  
Ho Gak Kim ◽  
Eun Young Kim ◽  
Joong Goo Kwon ◽  
Chang Hyeong Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Pigment ◽  
Brown Pigment ◽  
Cholesterol Stone ◽  
Pigment Stone ◽  
Duodenal Diverticula ◽  
Brown Pigment Stone

Study on Knowledge and Prevalence of Computer Vision Syndrome among Computer Operators in Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Pramod Sharma Gautam ◽  
Uday Chandra Prakash ◽  
Subreena Dangol
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Human Life ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Visual Display ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Computer Vision Syndrome ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology

Background: The eye and vision related problems that results from continuous use of computers and other visual display terminals for extended period of time leads to computer vision syndrome. Due to rapid digitalization in human life, the risk of developing it has also increased in many folds. So, with an aim of determining the prevalence and level of awareness of computer vision syndrome among computer users along with their attitude and practices to prevent it, this study was conducted in the office employees who use computer for a considerable period of time. Materials and Methods: A hospital based observational descriptive study was conducted in the out-patient department of Ophthalmology in Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, where 105 employees working in different work stations of same institution were enrolled. A questionnaire and the clinical findings were used to collect data. Results: About 80% of the employees were using computer for about (8-11) hours per day. Prevalence of computer vision syndrome noted was (92.4%) with low level of knowledge (85.7%) about it. About 45% of them wore glasses for their refractive errors but attitude and practices in work place to prevent the bad effects of using visual display terminals were found to be lacking (53.3%). Burning sensation in the eye, headache, ocular irritation and itching and neck, shoulder or back pain were the common symptoms. Around (60-70)% of the eyes tested positive for dry eye. Conclusion: Lack of awareness of computer vision syndrome and lack of personal protective measures were associated with its high level of prevalence.  

scholarly journals P120 The burden of the management of cerebral aneurysms in Africa: a scoping review

BJS Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francklin Tetinou ◽  
Ulrick Sidney Kanmounye ◽  
Igor Nitcheu ◽  
Aliyu Baba Ndajiwo ◽  
Nourou Dine A Bankole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Aneurysm ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Cerebral Aneurysms ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Female Predominance ◽  
Full Text Retrieval ◽  
Intracerebral Aneurysm ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Mean Time

Abstract Introduction In Africa, the epidemiology, management, and prognosis of cerebral aneurysms remain poorly understood. Cerebral aneurysms are still highly underdiagnosed and inadequately treated in Africa due to a lack of vascular neurosurgeons and infrastructure. In this review we mapped the burden and management of intracerebral aneurysm in Africa. Methods A full systematic search on articles published in Africa on brain aneurysms was performed in PubMed, African Journals Online, Google Scholar, WHO Global Health Library and LILACS with no language restrictions. The search results were merged, uploaded into Rayyan software, (FDT, USK, IN, NDAB) independently based on the pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The full text of the remaining articles were then retrieved and screened by three reviewers independently (FDT, USK, NDAB). Conflicts were resolved by mutual agreement. From all included documents, we extracted information regarding study design, socio-demographic characteristics, clinical findings, type of treatment and outcome results. Results We included 28 articles in our full text retrieval. These studies totaled 1181 patients managed for cerebral aneurysm in Africa. Half (50.0%; n = 14) of all studies had been published in the past 5 years and nearly half (46.4%; n = 13) of these studies were conducted in two countries: eight in Morocco and five in South Africa, we didn’t found any publication on cerebral aneurysm for nearly 80% of African countries. Also, there was a female predominance among cerebral aneurysm study participants (62.5%), and the mean time from diagnosis to surgery was 12.1 days. Cerebral aneurysms were most often located in the internal carotid artery (29.6%) and anterior cerebral artery (23.2%). Microneurosurgery (67%) was the most widely used option in these studies ahead of coiling (7.9%). Patient outcomes were judged favorable in 64.2% of cases, and the mortality rate following surgical (open vascular and endovascular) intervention was 19.4%. Conclusion The management of intracerebral aneurysms remains suboptimal in Africa. There are few peer-reviewed reports of aneurysm practice.

scholarly journals Histopathological Analysis of Endometrial Biopsy in Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
B Parajuli ◽  
G Pun ◽  
S Ranabhat ◽  
S Poudel
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Hydatidiform Mole ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Dilatation And Curettage ◽  
Partial Mole ◽  
Proliferative Endometrium ◽  
The Common

Objective: To study the spectrum of histopathological diagnosis of endometrial lesions and their distribution according to age. Methods: All the endometrium samples obtained by the procedure of dilatation and curettage and hysterectomy sent for histopathological examination at Pathology Department of Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal. The study duration was total 12 months ranging from July 2016 to June 2017. All the endometrial samples were processed, sectioned at 4 - 6 μm and stained with routine H & E stain. Patient’s data including age, sex, procedure of the biopsy taken and histopathological diagnosis were noted. A pathologist, using Olympus microscope, reported the slides. Cases were reviewed by a second pathologist whenever necessary. Results: A total of 128 cases were studied. The most common histopathological diagnosis was proliferative endometrium (28.9%) followed by disorder proliferative endometrium (15.65%). Most of the patients were in age group 36 - 45 years comprising 32.03%. Hydatidiform mole comprised of 7.03% and among Hydatidiform mole, partial mole was more common. Dilatation and curettage (82.8%) was the common procedure in compare to hysterectomy for the evaluation of endometrial lesions. Conclusions: In this study, we observed a variety of endometrial lesions. Most of them are benign; among benign, proliferative endometrium was the common histopathological diagnosis followed by disorder proliferative endometrium. Most common presenting age group was found to be at 36 - 45 years. In evaluation of hydatidiform mole, partial mole was more frequent in compare to complete mole. Conventional dilatation and curettage is the preferred method in developing countries with limited resource to screen endometrial lesion and therefore biopsy should be sent for histopathological examination. Thus histopathological examination of routinely stained hematoxylin and eosin is readily available and widely accepted standard technique for evaluation of the endometrial lesions.

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitude towards infection control among supporting staffs of Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
M Lopchan ◽  
G Gurung ◽  
L Rajbanshi ◽  
C Osti ◽  
A Baniya
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Regular Training

Nosocomial infections (NIs) are one of the most important health issues, particularly in developing countries, because these infections cause high mortality and morbidity, and economic and human resource loss as a consequence Nosocomial infections can be defined as those occurring within 48 hours of hospital admission, 3 days of discharge or 30 days of an operation. Many studies have examined risk factors of nosocomial infections. However, knowledge of frontline workers (attendants) in infection prevention have been reported rarely in developing countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge of attendants working in different wards and OPDs about infection prevention. S: Data were collected from 100 attendants in Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital. Regarding the knowledge on hand washing, gloving and personal accessories for Infection Prevention, majority of the respondents had good knowledge ranging from 94-100%. Though hospital has established Infection Prevention Committee and regular training on infection prevention is provided to all the staffs, the data indicated that only 68% respondents were benefitted by the infection prevention training and proper use of virex solution to disinfect the equipment’s was found unsatisfactory. Infection control is the responsibility of all Health Care Facility (HCF) personnel. The goal of the infection control policies are to identify and reduce risks of acquiring and transmitting infections among patients, staff, students, volunteers, contract service workers, and visitors Although significant effort has been made to reduce the Nosocomial infections, regular training as well as monitoring supervision will enhance the capacity of the health care providers and front line workers for cleaning services they are our valued respondents.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmc.v6i1.55069

Outcome of initial three years of Cranial Endoscopy at DG Khan Medical College & Teaching Hospital, Dera Ghazi Khan.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iqbal Ahmad ◽  
Ummer Farooq Raina ◽  
Muhammad Yousaf ◽  
Liaqat Jalal ◽  
Samia Saeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Cranial Endoscopy
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