Sexually Transmitted Infections in A Tertiary Hospital of Kathmandu: A Retrospective Study

Introduction: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are the diseases that are transmitted by sexual contact if a partner is infected with agent known to cause infection of genitalia. This group of diseases pose a huge public health problem. This study aims to provide an insight on the prevalence of STIs in a tertiary care center dedicated to civil servants. Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study. All patients diagnosed with STI in a dermatology out-patient of Civil Service Hospital, a tertiary care hospital situated in Kathmandu over a period of two years from January 1 2018 to December 30 2019 were included in the study. The diagnosis was made by clinical and laboratory investigations. Results: The total number 157 cases of STIs were enrolled in this study, of which 119 (75.8%) were males and 38(24.2%) were females. The mean age of patients was 27.8±8.8 years, ranging from 15 to 60 years. Seventy three (46.5%) patients were married, while 81 (51.6%) patients were unmarried. Unmarried males were significantly more vulnerable to acquire STIs (p=0.005). Males were having significantly more premarital or extramarital sexual exposures as compared to females (p<0.001). The most common presentation was condyloma acuminata in 84(53.5%) patients. Consistent use of condom was reported only in 3 (2.5%) males and 1 (2.6%) females in this study. No association was noted between the education level attained to the practice of safe sexual methods (p=0.535). Conclusion: The proportion of males was higher than females in our study which might be due to the reluctances of female to see doctor for sexual problems. The level of education did not seem to make people aware of practicing safe sex. Sexual education seems must in all level of education.

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Pattern of Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Retrospective Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2021/45933.14464 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sushil Rathi ◽

Sumit Ashok Hajare ◽

Saurabh Jaiswal ◽

Sandip Agrawal ◽

Abhijit Kherde ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

Vaginal Discharge ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Lower Abdominal Pain ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Adequate Treatment ◽

Major Health ◽

Sexually Transmitted

Introduction: Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) pose a major health, social and economic problem worldwide, predominantly in developing countries like India. It is essential to understand the current patterns of STIs in the various regions of the country in order to plan and implement strategies to control the spread of infection. Aim: To study the pattern of STIs among patients attending the STI clinic. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of data obtained retrospectively from case records over last seven years (January 2013-December 2019) from STI clinic at a tertiary care hospital at Nagpur. The demographic details, detailed history, clinical findings were noted and relevant investigations were performed. The patients were diagnosed as per syndromic approach and subjected to serologic tests for syphilis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The data was analysed by using MS Excel and Epi Info software, and percentage, mean, standard deviation and proportions were calculated. Results: Out of the total 4471 cases, 2807 (62.8%) were males and 1664 (37.2%) were females. The most commonly observed STI was balanoposthitis, followed by cervico-vaginal discharge, Genital Ulcerative Disease- Herpetic (GUD-H), anogenital warts, molluscum contagiosum, GUD-nonherpetic, urethral discharge, lower abdominal pain and inguinal bubo. The proportion of viral STIs was 33.5% (1495 cases) and bacterial STIs were 4.3% (191 cases). The most commonly observed STI was balanoposthitis in males and cervico-vaginal discharge in females. Newly diagnosed cases of HIV were 1.4% (61 cases) of total cases. Conclusion: The proportion of viral STIs was higher compared to bacterial STIs. The prevalence of HIV among study population was 3.9%. Since STIs are indicators of high risk sexual behaviour in the community and a major health burden with risk of development of HIV, prompt diagnosis and adequate treatment of STIs is necessary.

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Increasing rates of cesarean section, an upcoming public health problem: an audit of cesarean section in a tertiary care center of North India based on Robson classification

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20175015 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (11) ◽

pp. 4998

Author(s):

Vinita Das ◽

Namrata Kumar ◽

Varsha Kumari ◽

Anjoo Agarwal ◽

Amita Pandey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cesarean Section ◽

Care Center ◽

Caesarean Section Rate ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

North India ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Group 5 ◽

One Year

Background: Increasing rates of cesarean section during last three decades has become a cause of alarm since and a need for ongoing studies. Objective of present study was to investigate cesarean section rates as per modified Robsons Criteria and to determine area of concern which requires maximum focus to decrease overall caesarean rateMethods: This cross sectional study was conducted over a period of one year (From January 2016 to December 2016) in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at King George’s Medical University, Lucknow.Results: Total number of deliveries for one year was 8526. Out of them, 4275 (50.1%) were vaginal and 4251 (49.9%) were abdominal. Overall maximum caesarean section rate was contributed by group 5 of modified Robsons criteria i.e. previous section, singleton, cephalic, ≥37 weeks (17.7%).Conclusions: Robson 10 group classification provides easy way in collecting information about Cesarean section rate which obtains good insight into certain birth groups. It is important that efforts to reduce the overall CS rate should focus on reducing the primary CS rate (group 1 and 2) and on increasing vaginal birth after CS (group 5). The caesarean rate is commonest in group 5 that is previous section (17.7%).

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An Audit of Rational Use of Antibiotics in a Tertiary Hospital

Delta Medical College Journal ◽

10.3329/dmcj.v2i2.20526 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 64-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tanzima Begum ◽

Md Ismail Khan ◽

Shamima Kawser ◽

Md Ehsanul Huq ◽

Nadira Majid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Rational Use Of Antibiotics

Background: Drug can cure ailment when used rationally on the other hand they may become harmful or even may threaten a life when used irrationally. Absence of guidelines for antibiotic use, protocols for rational therapeutics and infection control committees, have led to overuse and misuse of antimicrobials even in different specialized units in hospitals. Objective: The study has been designed to get a picture of use of antibiotics in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh. Materials and method: Cross sectional study was conducted in the department of Medicine of Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, for 3 months from 1st January 2009 to 31st March 2009. Admitted patients of Medicine unit-1 who got antibiotics were included in the study. Total number of patients was 1563. Results: Five hundred out of 1563 patients were prescribed antibiotics (38%). Out of 500 prescriptions, 68(14%) prescriptions were found irrational. Conclusion: Continuous surveillance should be carried out to reduce the irrational use of antibiotics. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dmcj.v2i2.20526 Delta Med Col J. Jul 2014; 2(2): 64-67

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Clinico-Epidemiological Profile of Viral Sexually Transmitted Infections in Seropositive Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India

Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care (JIAPAC) ◽

10.1177/2325957416686196 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 331-337 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shikha Chugh ◽

Vijay Kumar Garg ◽

Rashmi Sarkar ◽

Kabir Sardana

Keyword(s):

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Developed Countries ◽

North India ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Hiv Seropositive

Sexually transmitted diseases are a major public health problem both in developing and in developed countries, and especially with the co-synergy with HIV infection, there is an increasing need to have a proper understanding of the clinicodemographic patterns of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) for planning and implementing control strategies. Worldwide, there is an increased preponderance of viral STIs. Increasing incidence and altered clinical presentation of viral STIs in patients with HIV pose a diagnostic challenge; thereby, we studied the demographic profile of HIV-seropositive patients and compared clinical manifestations of viral STIs in HIV-seropositive patients to those in seronegative individuals. Twenty-seven HIV-seropositive patients with viral STI (herpes/molluscum/warts) and same number of age-, sex-, and STI-matched seronegative patients were studied for variability in clinical profile. There were significant differences in the demographic factors (education, income, and migration) and sexual practices (number of contacts and source of infection) in the 2 groups. Lesional symptoms, increased extent of lesions, and resistance to treatment were significantly more common in HIV-seropositive patients.

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Study of genital dermatoses in pregnant females attending a tertiary care hospital

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20193227 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 542

Author(s):

Seeniammal Sivanu ◽

Maalik Babu ◽

Soundharyaa Moorthi Savadamoorthi

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Oral Candidiasis ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Pregnant Females ◽

One Year ◽

Infective Etiology

Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STI) prevalence in pregnancy is high and causes severe risk of transmission to the newborn. Usually they are asymptomatic and underdiagnosed. Most common STI’s are VVC, HPV, genital herpes, HIV, etc.Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was done for a period of one year (September 2017- August 2018) and 31 pregnant genital dermatoses were encountered.Results: Among 31, infective etiology was seen in 15 cases (48%), non-infective etiology was seen in 3 cases (10%) and no STI’s were seen in 13 patients (42%). Vulvovaginal candidiasis was most common among pregnant females in 9 patients (60%) followed by genital warts in 3 patients (20%) followed by molluscum contagiosum, herpes genitalis and oral candidiasis in one patient (7%) respectively among infective etiology. Non-infective causes include vulval lymphangiectasia, epidermoid cyst and vascular swelling in one patient respectively (33.3%).Conclusions: Screening of antenatal cases is more important to prevent complications.

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Resurgence of leprosy in post elimination era

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20194182 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 743

Author(s):

Swapna Subhash Khatu ◽

Nachiket Madhukarrao Palaskar ◽

Garima Laxminarayan Balpande ◽

Nitin Dinkar Chaudhari

Keyword(s):

Statistical Significance ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

National Level ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Duration Of Treatment ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Leprosy Case ◽

Leprosy Patients

Background: Leprosy is a slowly progressive mildly infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae primarily affecting skin and peripheral nerves. After introduction of multidrug therapy in the country recorded leprosy case load has come down. In December 2005, India announced elimination of leprosy as public health problem at national level under the NLEP but new cases are still being registered.Methods: It was a hospital based cross sectional study conducted on over 109 leprosy patients attending a tertiary care hospital in Narhe, Pune during the period from 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2018. The statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows version (16.0) was used to analyze the data (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Statistical significance was declared at p<0.05 or mentioned otherwise.Results: Out of 109 patients, 57 were new and 52 were old. Maximum patients belong to age group 40-49 years, 25 patients had type 1 reaction and 18 had type 2 reaction. Out of which 83 were on treatment and 12 are defaulter, 9 were in relapse, 6 patients released from treatment.Conclusions: In post elimination era of leprosy still new cases have been registered and hence the burden and morbidity of the disease is still high in the community. It strongly suggests that by early detection, increasing the duration of treatment and by increasing the community awareness, utilizing information, education and communication at all levels, we can hope to reduce the burden of disease in the community and to achieve the dream of leprosy free India.

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Acute Poisoning among Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Journal of Nepal Medical Association ◽

10.31729/jnma.4997 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 58 (227) ◽

Author(s):

Sameer Thapa ◽

Bishwa Raj Dawadi ◽

Anup Raj Upreti

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

Binary Data ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Acute Poisoning ◽

Point Estimate ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Introduction: Acute poisoning is a major global public health problem contributing to one of theleading causes for a visit to an emergency department. This study aims to analyse the demographicand psychosocial characteristics of patients with acute poisoning presented to the emergencydepartment. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care hospital fromJune to December 2019 after obtaining ethical approval from Institutional review board (referencenumber. 041-075/0760). A convenient sampling method was applied. Epidemiological factors, typesof poison consumed, reason, motive, and place to take poison, time elapse in the presentation to thehospital were studied. Statistical analysis was done using statistical package for the social sciencesversion 20. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency andproportion for binary data. Results: Out of 76 cases of acute poisoning, the organophosphorus poisoning was 18 (23.7%) followedby unknown 12 (15.8). Of total, 28 (36.8%) had quarrel before taking poison and 41 (53.9 %) hadintention to commit suicide. Sixty-seven (88.2%) took a poison at home. The average elapsed time tothe visit of the emergency department was 110±80 minutes. Conclusions: The most common poisoning was organophosphorus with a suicide being the mostcommon intention. Quarrel was the most frequent reason to take poison and the home was the mostcommon place to take poison.

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Composite index of anthropometric failure among under 5 children attending the Immunoprophylaxis clinic in a tertiary care hospital in Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20181508 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 888

Author(s):

Abhijit Kherde ◽

Chaitanya R. Patil ◽

Jyotsna Deshmukh ◽

Prithvi B. Petkar

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Age Groups ◽

Composite Index ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Study Data ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Global Public Health ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Under nutrition is a global public health problem. There are numerous methods of assessment of malnutrition among which CIAF is the most recent, relatively robust since it envisages all the parameters for estimation of nutritional status of the children. So, this study was conducted to find the rates of composite index of anthropometric failure in the children attending the Immunoprophylaxis clinic in a tertiary care hospital of Nagpur and to find associations with the socio demographic variables.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Immunoprophylaxis clinic of a tertiary care institute in Nagpur from September 2016 to January 2017. The study subjects were the children attending the OPD of Immunoprophylaxis clinic of a tertiary care hospital. Necessary permissions were taken before the start of the study. Data was collected using pretested and pre-designed questionnaire. Height and weight were measured using standard guidelines and categorized into groups of CIAF as described by Nandy et al.Results: A total of 460 study subjects were enrolled in the study. The mean age group of the study subjects was 2.47±1.56 years. According to the grades of CIAF, 48.51% were having no failure. Age and gender were factors which were associated with failure status by CIAF.Conclusions: We found high rates of anthropometric failure in our study. The age groups less than 3 years had higher odds of being in failure when compared to more than 3 years age. Further, males had higher odds of being into failure when compared to females. Community based studies are recommended.

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PATTERN OF CANCER CASES REGISTERED IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTER IN KATHUA DISTRICT OF J&K: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

10.36106/ijsr/0400712 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-2

Author(s):

Deepak Abrol ◽

Anuj Kapoor ◽

Pawan Kumar

Keyword(s):

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Age Group ◽

Important Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Area Distribution ◽

The Government

Introduction:Cancer is an important public health problem in India, with 10 lakh new cases occurring every year in the year. Cancer pattern varies in different regions and depends on genetic, environmental, dietary, social and other factors. Aim and objectives: This study was undertaken to determine magnitude and pattern of cancer cases reporting in the hospital. Methodology: This was a hospital-based retrospective study undertaken in the Government Medical College Kathua. GMC, Kathua is one among st the ve new medical colleges established in Jammu & Kashmir. The records of cancer patients generated from 1st November 2018 to 1 November 2019 were analyzed. All the cancer cases who reported either for diagnosis in any of the hospital OPD or for the treatment (radiotherapy/ chemotherapy/ surgery) were included. Data was entered in the MS Excel for analysis Results: Out of total 272 patients registered, females accounted for 56.6% and males for 43.3%. Hindu patients were in majority (84.2%). Most of the cases (37.1%) were in the age group 60-80. Pattern of cancer was different in the two sexes. In males, maximum cases were of lung cancer and in females, Ca breast was the most common followed by the cervical cancer Conclusion: This hospital-based study indicates the cancer prole in Kathua district. Females were found to be more affected than that of males with majority of the cases in the late 40s age group. Rural area and urban area distribution was found to be almost similar.

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Awareness, attitude and practice of breast feeding among mothers at tertiary care center, Puducherry, India

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20193734 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 2108

Author(s):

A. Dharmalingam ◽

Chandru Bhaskar ◽

N. S. Raghupathy

Keyword(s):

Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Obese Women ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Breastfeeding Knowledge ◽

Knowledge And Practice

Background: The knowledge and practice of exclusive breastfeeding has been prejudiced by demographic, social, cultural, biophysical, and psychosocial factors. About two-thirds of under-five deaths in India are associated with inappropriate infant feeding practices. Objective of this study was to assess the awareness, knowledge and practice of breastfeeding among the mothers attending to the tertiary care institute at Puducherry, India.Methods: This hospital-based, cross-sectional study was carried out among 150 postnatal mothers who attended immunization clinics, post-natal and paediatric wards at the tertiary care hospital at Puducherry collecting data about breastfeeding knowledge and practices using a structured interview.Results: The breastfeeding practices were significantly poorer in terms of initiation, feeding colostrums, timing and frequency of feeding and inclusion of pre-lacteal feeds among obese women compared to the normal weighted mothers. The breastfeeding knowledge and attitude was healthy among the mothers as depicted by the awareness of nutritive value of breast milk by majority (84%) of mothers.Conclusions: The mothers had poor knowledge regarding initiation of breastfeeding and administration of colostrum. There was a positive attitude about exclusive breastfeeding, frequency of feeding and social aspects of breastfeeding.

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