scholarly journals Clinico-Epidemiological Profile of Viral Sexually Transmitted Infections in Seropositive Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shikha Chugh ◽  
Vijay Kumar Garg ◽  
Rashmi Sarkar ◽  
Kabir Sardana
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
North India ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Hiv Seropositive

Sexually transmitted diseases are a major public health problem both in developing and in developed countries, and especially with the co-synergy with HIV infection, there is an increasing need to have a proper understanding of the clinicodemographic patterns of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) for planning and implementing control strategies. Worldwide, there is an increased preponderance of viral STIs. Increasing incidence and altered clinical presentation of viral STIs in patients with HIV pose a diagnostic challenge; thereby, we studied the demographic profile of HIV-seropositive patients and compared clinical manifestations of viral STIs in HIV-seropositive patients to those in seronegative individuals. Twenty-seven HIV-seropositive patients with viral STI (herpes/molluscum/warts) and same number of age-, sex-, and STI-matched seronegative patients were studied for variability in clinical profile. There were significant differences in the demographic factors (education, income, and migration) and sexual practices (number of contacts and source of infection) in the 2 groups. Lesional symptoms, increased extent of lesions, and resistance to treatment were significantly more common in HIV-seropositive patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence and outcome of anaemia among pregnant women attending tertiary care hospital in Visakhapatnam

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Radha Kumari Paladugu ◽  
Srinivas Jagath Pentakota ◽  
Sushma N.
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Study Population

Background: Anaemia in pregnancy is now considered as a major public health problem, caused by iron deficiency. WHO has estimated that prevalence of anaemia in developed and developing countries in pregnant women is 14% in developed countries and 51 percent in developing countries and 65-75% in India. Various programmes regarding anaemia prophylaxis and maternal health have been implemented but still the prevalence of anaemia related complications among pregnant women continues to be high. Hence the present study was conducted to study the prevalence and pregnancy outcome as a result of anaemia in a tertiary care center in Visakhapatnam. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out from June 2016 to August 2016 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology among postnatal women in King George hospital, Visakhapatnam. A semi-structured questionnaire was prepared and information regarding age, socioeconomic status, parity, gestational age interval between pregnancies and outcome and complication of pregnancy were collected. Results: Mean age of study population is 22.4 years. Out of 100 women involved in the study 65 are from urban areas 29 from rural areas and 6 from tribal areas. Majority of the study population 66% were having HB% between 8-11% i.e. mild anaemia. When Outcome of pregnancy was seen in relation to anaemia majority of the women had live births (90%) followed by 7% IUDs and 2% still births. Conclusions: Majority of the women are in the age group of 20-24 years. Socioeconomic status is directly related to anaemic status of the women. Majority of the women had complication of puerperal sepsis. 

scholarly journals Sexually Transmitted Infections in A Tertiary Hospital of Kathmandu: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
Sushil Paudel ◽  
Niraj Parajuli ◽  
Sudip Dahal ◽  
Sudarshan Paudel
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

Introduction: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are the diseases that are transmitted by sexual contact if a partner is infected with agent known to cause infection of genitalia. This group of diseases pose a huge public health problem. This study aims to provide an insight on the prevalence of STIs in a tertiary care center dedicated to civil servants. Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study. All patients diagnosed with STI in a dermatology out-patient of Civil Service Hospital, a tertiary care hospital situated in Kathmandu over a period of two years from January 1 2018 to December 30 2019 were included in the study. The diagnosis was made by clinical and laboratory investigations. Results: The total number 157 cases of STIs were enrolled in this study, of which 119 (75.8%) were males and 38(24.2%) were females. The mean age of patients was 27.8±8.8 years, ranging from 15 to 60 years. Seventy three (46.5%) patients were married, while 81 (51.6%) patients were unmarried. Unmarried males were significantly more vulnerable to acquire STIs (p=0.005). Males were having significantly more premarital or extramarital sexual exposures as compared to females (p<0.001). The most common presentation was condyloma acuminata in 84(53.5%) patients. Consistent use of condom was reported only in 3 (2.5%) males and 1 (2.6%) females in this study. No association was noted between the education level attained to the practice of safe sexual methods (p=0.535). Conclusion: The proportion of males was higher than females in our study which might be due to the reluctances of female to see doctor for sexual problems. The level of education did not seem to make people aware of practicing safe sex. Sexual education seems must in all level of education.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Profile and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Enteric Fever in a Tertiary Care Hospital of North India – a Seven Year Ambispective Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuradha Makkar ◽  
Shilpi Gupta ◽  
Inam Danish Khan ◽  
Rajiv Mohan Gupta ◽  
KS Rajmohan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Enteric Fever ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
North India ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Drug Resistant

Introduction: Enteric-fever is a major public-health problem in developing countries emerging as multidrug-resistant, Nalidixic-acid resistant and extremely drug-resistant Salmonella (Pakistan, 2016), has intensified the use of WHO watch/reserve group antimicrobials such as azithromycin and meropenem. Methods: This ambispective-study was conducted on 782 non-repeat blood-culture isolates of S. Typhi, S. Paratyphi A and S. Paratyphi B obtained from 29,184 blood cultures received at a 1000-bedded tertiary-care hospital of North-India from 2011–2017. Identification and antibiograms were obtained by Vitek-2 compact and Kirby-Bauer’s disc diffusion with resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol and cotrimoxazole being labeled as multidrug-resistant. Decreased ciprofloxacin-susceptibility and ciprofloxacin-resistance were defined as MIC 0.125–0.5 and >1 μg/ml. Results: S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A in a ratio of 3.9:1 were seen between July–September predominantly distributed between 6–45 year age group. Resistance to co-trimoxazole, chloramphenicol, ceftriaxone and azithromycin was 6.1%, 13.8%, 16.1 and 5.78% respectively. Multidrug-resistant S. typhi and S. paratyphi A were 2.73% and 1.91% respectively. Conclusion: Enteric-fever is a major public-health problem in India. Emergence of multidrug-resistant, Nalidixic-acid resistant and extremely-drug resistant Salmonella mandates ongoing surveillance for targeted empirical therapy and containment of spread. Repeated epidemics call for water, sanitation, hygiene and vaccination strategies to sustain herd-immunity.

scholarly journals A clinico-epidemiological study of cutaneous changes in chronic kidney disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Chirag Maheshwari ◽  
Ajay Kumar ◽  
Sanjeev Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
North India ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Urban Background ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has emerged as a major public health problem in South Asia. This is attributable to the increase in prevalence of co-morbidities particularly hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Cutaneous manifestations are observed throughout the course of the disease and serve as markers of the disease and its progression. Early diagnosis and treatment is critical in halting the progression of the disease. The objective was to study the prevalence of co-morbidities as well as cutaneous changes in patients with CKD from a rural or semi-urban background in a tertiary care hospital.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 50 patients with CKD aged 18 years or above detected and managed at a tertiary care teaching hospital in North India were included in the study.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The age of the patients ranged from 18 to 78 years. 35 patients (70%) had a rural background while 15 patients (30%) had a semi-urban background. 37 patients (74%) had co-morbidities including hypertension, diabetes mellitus or both. 17 patients (34%) were on conservative management while 33 patients (66%) were undergoing haemodialysis. Skin changes included nephrogenic pruritus in 30 patients (60%), xerosis in 25 patients (50%), cutaneous infections and infestations in 25 patients (50%), pallor in 22 patients (44%), acquired perforating disorders in 6 patients (12%), purpura in 5 patients (10%), hyperpigmentation in 4 patients (8%) and yellow skin in 1 patient (2%). Hair changes were observed in 20 patients (40%), nail changes in 24 patients (48%) and mucosal changes in 20 patients (40%). None of the patients were found to have bullous dermatoses, calcific uraemic arteriolopathy or nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. 4 patients (8%) included in the study initially reported to dermatology OPD with a specific dermatosis and were detected to have CKD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The prevalence of co-morbidities including hypertension and diabetes associated with CKD may be lower in rural and semi-urban populations. Nephrogenic pruritus is the most distressing change which impairs the quality of life in these patients. Cutaneous changes may help in early detection and treatment of CKD. </p>

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance in Typhoidal Salmonellain a Tertiary Care Teaching Centre in North India

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Juhi Taneja ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Enteric Fever ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
North India ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Hospital

Introduction: Enteric fever continues to carry a high burden of morbidity and mortality in India. There have been reports of emergence of ceftriaxone resistant typhoidal Salmonella from Asia. Monitoring of antimicrobial resistance trends in typhoidal Salmonella is crucial to support in clinical decision making. Aim: To study the current susceptibility pattern of typhoidal salmonella isolates in our setup. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 144 non-repeat blood-culture isolates of S. Typhi, and S. Paratyphi A obtained from 3926 blood cultures received at 510-bedded tertiary-care hospital of North-India from 2017-2019. Identification and antibiograms were obtained by Vitek-2 compact and Kirby-Bauer’s disc diffusion with sensitivity to azithromycin, and chloramphenicol. Result:S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A in a ratio of 5.2:1 were seen between months of June and July predominantly distributed between 1-10 years age group. S. Typhi resistance to co-trimoxazole, chloramphenicol, ceftriaxone and azithromycin was 21.4%, 25.6%, 12.3% and 28% respectively. S. Paratyphi A resistance to co-trimoxazole, chloramphenicol, ceftriaxone and azithromycin was 4.3%, 17.3%, 34.7% and 21.7% respectively. Conclusion: Enteric-fever is a major public-health problem in India. Emergence of ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella mandates appropriate investigation of all febrile illnesses with blood culture whenever possible. Provision of safe drinking water, good sanitation, hygiene and vaccination strategies are needed to sustain herd-immunity.

Adherence to the 2012 European gonorrhoea guideline in the WHO European Region according to the 2018–19 International Union against Sexually Transmitted Infections European Collaborative Clinical Group gonorrhoea survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Unemo ◽  
E Clarke ◽  
I Boiko ◽  
C Patel ◽  
R Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
International Union ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

Gonorrhoea is a major public health problem globally. Increasing incidence in many particularly developed countries and the emergence of resistance to the extended-spectrum cephalosporin ceftriaxone, the last option for empiric first-line monotherapy, are of serious concern. This paper evaluates the results of the 2018–19 International Union against Sexually Transmitted Infections European Collaborative Clinical Group survey on the diagnosis and treatment of gonorrhoea in Europe. Although high quality clinical care was reported in many European settings, in several countries the testing, diagnostics, antimicrobial treatment, and follow-up of gonorrhoea patients were evidently suboptimal. Increased adherence to evidence-based European and/or nationally-adapted management guidelines is essential in controlling the increasing incidence of gonorrhoea in many European settings and the spread of ceftriaxone-resistant, multidrug-resistant, and extensively drug-resistant gonorrhoea.

SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS (STI) TRENDS AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN NORTH-INDIA: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-57
Author(s):  
Sukhpreet Kaur ◽  
Tejinder Kaur ◽  
Bharat Bhushan Mahajan ◽  
Shaminder Singh Dhillon
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
North India ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Ciency Virus

Sexually transmitted infections (STI’s) are a global health issue. There can be serious repercussions apart from the immediate effect of the infection including increased risk of acquisition of Human Immunodeciency Virus (HIV) infection especially with ulcerative STIS. A retrospective study was conducted amongst the patients who attended STI (Suraksha) clinic at Government medical college ,Amritsar between June 2014 to May 2020. STIs have a tremendous impact on public health. They are responsible for a signicant proportion of infertility in both the sex, morbidity, economic loss to the family, and increased susceptibility to HIV infection. STIs are a major contributor to fetal deaths, abortions, and the delivery of low birth weight babies. It is of great signicance to study their incidence periodically and region wise, and understand the changing trends in order to plan the control strategies. The present study aimed at studying the clinical prole of STIs in this part of the country over 6 years. Since many patients refrain from seeking medical advice, this study was restricted to the patients attending the hospital.

scholarly journals Study of anaemia profile in a tertiary care hospital in Karnataka, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 582
Author(s):  
Appu Patil
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Severe Anaemia ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Systemic Examination ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Anaemia is a major public health problem worldwide especially in developing countries like India. Nutritional cause of anaemia continues to predominate as the most common cause of anaemia. Objective of this study is to determine the clinical and laboratory profile of anaemia among patients admitted to our hospital.Methods: Our study was a prospective study in which thirty nine patients of anemia admitted to Medicine ward in SNMC and HSK hospital were studied for their clinical and laboratory characteristics. Duration of the study was 7 months from July 2019 to January 2020.Results: Anaemia was more common among females (65.1% of total patients). Patients aged less than 60 years contributed to 85% of patients. Pallor was the universal finding present in 100% of patients. On systemic examination haemic murmurs on auscultation was the most common finding present in 28.2% followed by hepatomegaly (17.94%). Microcytic and dimorphic anaemia constitute the bulk of anaemia.Conclusions: Nutritional anaemia particularly iron deficiency anaemia is the most common cause of anaemia. It tends to affect the working age group and females predominantly. Patients continue to present with severe anaemia to the hospital.

scholarly journals A study about Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) regarding worm infestation among the caregivers of children aged between 5 – 12 years in a tertiary care hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1818-1820
Author(s):  
Jagadeesan M ◽  
Mariraj I ◽  
Prasanna Karthik S ◽  
Kannan R ◽  
Nivaas M ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Nail Biting ◽  
Worm Infestation ◽  
Prophylactic Measures

Worm infection is a public health problem, especially in developing and underdeveloped countries as it has a negative impact on the child’s development. Proper sanitation and personnel hygiene have to be emphasized and monitored to overcome the nutritional deprivement in children. The study is done to evaluate the knowledge and attitude about worm infestation and to assess the deworming practices employed among the caregivers of children aged between 5 – 12 years attending a tertiary care hospital. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 206 caregivers of pediatric age group after obtaining proper informed consent. The KAP parameters were assessed using a pretested structured questionnaire, and the results were analyzed. Out of 206 caregivers, 61% were mothers, 37% were fathers. Their mean age was 30 years. 41% belong to class III socioeconomic status. 23% were reported to play in the mud, 17% nail-biting and 6% keeping objects in mouth.12% Had open-air defecation practice, which is quite alarming in a developing country.67% were found to have the knowledge and 33% lacked the knowledge about worm infestation. Knowledge was directly proportional to the socioeconomic class. 88% were aware that worm infestation would cause clinical manifestations. 85% preferred allopathy medicines, while 15% preferred homemade remedy. 68% didn’t practice any prophylactic measures, where in 21% of the caregivers dewormed their kid once in 6 months and 11% once a year. The study provides information that most of the caregivers had a good knowledge regarding deworming but failed in practicing necessary measures to control and prevent it. Health education, frequent monitoring, and conducting interventional programs among parents and caregivers would be vital so that the prevalence of the disease can be minimized.

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