scholarly journals Anti-mullerian hormone as an emerging promising marker in the prognosis of PCOS

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-114
Author(s):  
Anu Meena ◽  
Amit Kyal ◽  
Partha Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Pragati Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Marker ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Indian Women ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Ultrasound Findings

Aims: To correlation of AMH with clinical, hormonal and ultrasound findings; and determine the role of AMH as prognostic marker. Methods: This was a prospective cross sectional study on women attending Gynaecology outpatient department of Medial College and Hospital, Kolkata, from January 2018 to June 2019. Study comprised of 70 newly diagnosed cases of PCOS using Rotterdam criteria 2003. Clinical history included menstrual complaint, hirsutism and weight gain; examination included BMI and Ferriman-Gallwey score; and investigations included FBS, 2hr PPBS, TSH, Prolactin, total testosterone, LH, AMH level and pelvic USG before starting intervention and same parameters were rechecked after 3 months of treatment completion. Results: A total of 70 PCOS patients were included in a study conducted within 1 year time period. The most common Phenotype in our study is Phenotype A (O+H+P) which was almost 85.71%, followed by Phenotype B (O+H) 7.14% and the least we got Phenotype C (H+P) that is 2.86%. There was statistically significant (p<0.05) decrease in AMH level following treatment of PCOS (before treatment mean AMH level was 9.634.42 and after treatment the level was 5.812.77). Conclusions: The most frequent PCOS phenotype in Indian women is A (O+H+P). Therapy in PCOS women with raised AMH reduces the AMH levels. Measurement of serum AMH provides a high specificity and sensitivity by which it can act as a prognostic marker for PCOS.

scholarly journals 33. Concerning Trends of Pediatric Leprosy in Minas Gerais, Brazil and Associations with Number of Municipality Medical Facilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S17-S17
Author(s):  
Taylor Landay ◽  
Julie A Clennon ◽  
José A Ferreira ◽  
Lucia A Fraga ◽  
Maria Aparecida F Grossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
Age Of Diagnosis ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Incident Cases

Abstract Background Leprosy in children under 15 years of age, and in particular, the presence of leprosy grade 2 disability (G2D) in children, signifies ongoing transmission and the need for improved surveillance. Our objective was to describe the epidemiology of pediatric leprosy in Minas Gerais, Brazil and to explore associations with access to medical facilities. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Brazilian Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (SINAN) from 2002–2017. Incident cases were included if they resided in a municipality with both adult and pediatric cases. Municipalities were divided by the number of medical facilities per municipality: &lt; 5, 5–17, and 18 or higher. Analyses compared pediatric cases across two time periods (2002–2009 and 2010–2017) and number of medical facilities / municipality using chi-square, t-tests, and logistic regression. Results A total of 27,725 cases were reported with 1,611 under 15 years of age. Overall incidence declined from 34.8 per 100,000 to 13.6 per 100,000 during the study period with pediatric incidence declining from 2.6 per 100,000 to 0.8 per 100,000. Time period 2 (TP2) showed an increase in the proportion of pediatric G2D (2.58% vs 1.91%, p &lt; 0.0001) when compared to time period 1 (TP1). Mean age of diagnosis in children was younger in TP2 then in TP1 (10.06 vs 10.43, p=0.02). In 2017, the pediatric incidence in municipalities with the fewest medical facilities was 0.95 per 100,000 compared to 0.23 per 100,000 in municipalities with &gt; 5 facilities (p=0.009). There was significantly higher odds of disability at diagnosis (grades 1 and 2) in pediatric cases residing in municipalities with &lt; 5 medical facilities (aOR 1.88; 95% CI 1.37–2.59), adjusted for age and sex. See map (Fig 1). Figure 1. Cases of Pediatric Disability By Number of Municipality Medical Facilities from 2002–2017 (White areas without reported pediatric leprosy) Conclusion The increasing proportion of G2D in children in the second half of the study period despite declining incidence suggest occult infections among children and adults alike in Minas Gerais. Furthermore, the average age of diagnosis in children should increase, not decrease, if M. leprae transmission was truly declining. Lastly, the association between fewer municipality health facilities and increased disability suggest barriers to timely diagnosis and a critical area of focus for research into access to healthcare and leprosy risk. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Sick on the Frontlines:A Cross Sectional Study on COVID-19 Infection, Symptom Severity Amongst Emergency Medicine Residents and Fellows in Urban Academic Hospital Settings (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey Frisch ◽  
Sarah Jones ◽  
James Willis ◽  
Richard Sinert
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Academic Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Period ◽  
High Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Specific Symptoms

BACKGROUND COVID-19, an illness caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, affected many aspects of healthcare worldwide in 2020. From March to May of 2020, New York City (NYC) experienced a large surge of cases. OBJECTIVE The authors aimed to characterize the amount of illness experienced by residents and fellows in 2 NYC hospitals during this time period. METHODS This was a cross-sectional observational study. An IRB-exempt survey was distributed to emergency medicine housestaff in May 2020 and submissions were accepted through August 2020. RESULTS 64 residents and fellows responded to our survey (a 62% response rate). 42% of responders tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Most residents experienced symptoms that could be consistent with COVID-19 however few received PCR testing. Fevers and/or chills along with loss of smell and/or taste were the most specific symptoms for COVID-19, with p-values <0.05. All 13 housestaff who reported no symptoms during the study period tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that the rate of COVID-19 illness among emergency department housestaff is much higher than previously reported. Further studies are needed to characterize illness among medical staff in emergency departments across the nation. The high infection rate among emergency medicine trainees stresses the importance of supplying adequate PPE for healthcare professionals.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of varicella antibodies in adults without clinical history of disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Silva Büchele ◽  
Danusa Ferreira Correa ◽  
Mari Tuyama ◽  
Alberto dos Santos de Lemos ◽  
Marcellus Dias da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Travel Medicine ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
History Of Disease ◽  
Protective Antibodies ◽  
High Positive Predictive Value ◽  
History Of

Abstract: Varicella in adults and immunocompromised patients can be severe. The clinical diagnosis of varicella has high accuracy and the history of disease has a high positive predictive value for protection. A significant portion of adults, however, cannot remember if they have had varicella, especially older individuals. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the seroprevalence of varicella protective antibodies titers in adults with no clinical history of disease, attended at a Reference Center for Special Immunobiologicals and Travel Medicine in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). Titration of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to varicella-zoster was determined by chemiluminescence immunoassay. Among 140 adults without history of varicella, 92% had protective antibody titers. We concluded that seroprevalence of varicella-zoster protection was very high in adults with negative history of disease and the use of serology before vaccination reduced significantly unnecessary vaccine and immunoglobulin use.

scholarly journals Fetomaternal outcome in pregnancies complicated by fibroid

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 3174
Author(s):  
Leimapokpam Roshan Singh ◽  
Kaushik Mahajan ◽  
Nandeibam Balchand Singh ◽  
Wairokpam Prabinkumar Singh ◽  
Kabita Athokpam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Placenta Previa ◽  
Uterine Fibroids ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Physical Examination ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽  
Risk Pregnancy ◽  
General Physical

Background: Fibromyoma (leiomyoma) is the most common benign tumour of the uterus. Approximately 10% to 30% of women with uterine fibroids developed complications during pregnancy. The aim of the study was planned to ascertain the fetomaternal outcome in pregnancies complicated by fibroid.Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women with documented uterine fibroid who was admitted for any complication or delivered in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, RIMS, Imphal from September 2017 to August, 2019 in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology in collaboration with department of paediatrics, Regional institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal. Detailed clinical history and socio-demographic profile were recorded in pre-designed proforma. General physical examination and systemic examination and obstetrical examination was carried out for the participants.Results: Major proportions was in the age group of 30-39 years (73.9%). Fibroids were more frequent in primigravida (76.1%) followed by P1 (15.2%) and ≥P2 (8.7%). Out of 46 patients 43 (93.5%) delivered by CS (69.76%), NVD (25.58%) and instrumental delivery (4.65%) while 3 patients (6.5%) undergo spontaneous abortions. Most common myoma found in this study was intramural (47.8%) followed by submucous (34.8%) and subserosal (17.4%). Out of 43 deliveries most common complications found was atonic PPH (6.97%) and placenta previa (6.97%) followed by degenerations (2.32%), abruptio placentae (2.32%), malpresentations (2.32%). Out of 43 deliveries 6.9% baby born with low birth weight, IUGR (6.9%), IUFD (4.6%), NICU admission (4.65%) and early neonatal death (2.32%).Conclusions: Pregnancies with fibroids are considered as high-risk pregnancy associated with complications during the antepartum, intrapartum, postpartum period. Pregnant women with myoma can be advised for regular ANC along with TAS for early diagnosis and management of complication.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Clinical History, Sociodemographic, Behavioural Factors and Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Hypertensive in Awka, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Chidinma Ifeyinwa Mmaju ◽  
Peter Osezele Okonudo ◽  
Gladys Ahaneku ◽  
Ufoaroh Chinyelu Uchenna
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Hypertension is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and research studies done in Nigeria observed prevalence rate of hypertension to range from 26.4% to 36.9%. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the sociodemographic, clinical, behavioral and cardiovascular risk factors associated with hypertension in Awka, South East, Nigeria. Methods: Cross-sectional study was used.391 participants aged from 18 years above were recruited for this study. Structured questionnaires were constructed in line with World Health Organization Step approach was utilized for data collection. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and Diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg. Chi-square and independent sample T test were used to test comparison between two groups. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 45.87±17. 49.33.7% of retired subjects has the highest prevalence was statistically associated with hypertension in occupational status of the subjects, marital status was statically significant with hypertension and prevalence of hypertension among the subjects were 81.1%, 8.5%, 8.6% for married, single and divorcee respectively, (P<0.001) and also no association was observed between hypertension and subjects that occasionally use high salt often(x2=0.341, P>0.001). Conclusion: The study showed that age, family history of hypertension, consistent increase in blood pressure, occupational and marital status are associated risk factors of hypertension in Awka, South East, Nigeria. There is need to create awareness on the risk factors and encourage changes in sedentary life style.

scholarly journals Conflict of interest policies and disclosure requirements in neurosurgical journals

2019 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 264-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeleine P. de Lotbiniere-Bassett ◽  
Jay Riva-Cambrin ◽  
Patrick J. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Journals ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Biomedical Journals ◽  
Policy Statements ◽  
Journal Policies

OBJECTIVEAn increasing amount of funding in neurosurgery research comes from industry, which may create a conflict of interest (COI) and the potential to bias results. The reporting and handling of COIs have become difficult, particularly as explicit policies themselves and definitions thereof continue to vary between medical journals. In this study, the authors sought to evaluate the prevalence and comprehensiveness of COI policies among leading neurosurgical journals.METHODSThe authors conducted a cross-sectional study of publicly available online disclosure policies in the 20 highest-ranking neurosurgical journals, as determined by Google Scholar Metrics, in July 2016.RESULTSOverall, 89.5% of the highest-impact neurosurgical journals included COI policy statements. Ten (53%) journals requested declaration of nonfinancial conflicts, while 2 journals specifically set a time period for COIs. Sixteen journals required declaration from the corresponding author, 13 from all authors, 6 from reviewers, and 5 from editors. Four journals were included in the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) list of publications that follow the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals (currently known as Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals). Five journal policies included COI declaration verification, management, or enforcement. The neurosurgery journals with more comprehensive COI policies were significantly more likely to have higher h5-indices (p = 0.003) and higher impact factors (p = 0.01).CONCLUSIONSIn 2016, the majority of, but not all, high-impact neurosurgical journals had publically available COI disclosure policies. Policy inclusiveness and comprehensiveness varied substantially across neurosurgical journals, but COI comprehensiveness was associated with other established markers of individual journals’ favorability and influence, such as impact factor and h5-index.

scholarly journals Health Canada’s use of expedited review pathways and therapeutic innovation, 1995–2016: cross-sectional analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e023605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Lexchin
Keyword(s):  
Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
Kappa Value ◽  
Innovative Drugs ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Health Canada

ObjectivesThis study examines the use of expedited approval pathways by Health Canada over the period 1995 to 2016 inclusive and the relationship between the use of these pathways and the therapeutic gain offered by new products.DesignCross-sectional study.Data sourcesTherapeutic Products Directorate, Biologics and Genetic Therapies Directorate, Notice of Compliance database, Notice of Compliance with conditions web site, Patented Medicine Prices Review Board, La revue Prescrire, WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system.Primary and secondary outcomesPercent of new drugs evaluated by Health Canada that went through an expedited pathway between 1995 and 2016 inclusive. Kappa values comparing the review status with assessments of therapeutic value for individual drugs.ResultsOf 623 drugs approved by Health Canada between 1995 and 2016, 438 (70.3%) drugs went through the standard pathway and 185 (29.7%) an expedited pathway. Therapeutic evaluations were available for 509 drugs. Health Canada used an expedited approval pathway for 159 of the 509 drugs, whereas only 55 were judged to be therapeutically innovative. Forty-two of the 55 therapeutically innovative drugs received an expedited review and 13 received a standard review. The Kappa value for the entire period for all 509 drugs was 0.276 (95% CI 0.194 to 0.359) indicating ‘fair’ agreement between Health Canada’s use of expedited pathways and independent evaluations of therapeutic innovation.ConclusionHealth Canada’s use of expedited approvals was stable over the entire time period. It was unable to reliably predict which drugs will offer major therapeutic gains. The findings in this study should provoke a discussion about whether Health Canada should continue to use these pathways and if so how their use can be improved.

CLINICOEPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF CHILDHOOD PSORIASIS PATIENTS AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH HLA-CW6 IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE OF EASTERN INDIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-11
Author(s):  
Akhilesh Behra
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Plaque Type ◽  
Worldwide Population

BACKGROUND- Psoriasis is chronic common papulosquamous disorder. Its aetiology included various environmental and genetic factors. In genetics, HLA-Cw6 is most commonly associated with psoriasis. Childhood psoriasis is also common in worldwide population. However, very few studies done on epidemiological data and HLA-Cw6 analysis in childhood psoriasis patients. AIMS AND OBJECTIVE- Clinicoepidemiological study of childhood psoriasis patients and its association with HLA-Cw6 in a tertiary care centre of Eastern India MATERIALAND METHOD- We conducted a cross-sectional study in a tertiary care centre and recruited 20 patients of psoriasis with age group below 18 years after taking proper consent. Clinical history and blood was taken from them and HLA-Cw6 analysis was done by PCR method. Data compilation was done by Microsoft excel using SPSS software. RESULTS- A total of the 20 childhood psoriasis patients, 9 were males and 11 were females. Generalized plaque type psoriasis (N=19) is commonest followed by guttate psoriasis (N=1). None of the patients had arthalgia. Family history was present in only 3 patients. Higher numbers of childhood psoriasis patients (N=14) were positive for HLA-Cw6. Also Higher numbers of females (N=10) were positive for HLA-Cw6. ve patients had nail changes. CONCLUSION- We found HLA-Cw6 is strongly associated with childhood psoriasis and also HLA-Cw6 frequency is higher in female than male childhood psoriasis patients.

The Top 50 Most Cited Publications in Meniscus Research

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle N. Kunze ◽  
Aidan Haddad ◽  
Alexander E. White ◽  
Matthew R. Cohn ◽  
Robert F. LaPrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Citation Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Collective Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligaments ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

AbstractInjuries to the menisci of the knee are common in orthopedic sports medicine. Bibliometric studies can identify the core literature on a topic and help further our collective knowledge for both clinical and educational purposes. The purpose of the current study was to (1) identify and describe the 50 most cited articles in meniscus research over an 80-year time period to capture a wide range of influential articles and (2) identify the “citation classics” and milestone articles related to the meniscus of the knee. The Science Citation Index Expanded subsection of the Web of Science Core Collection was systematically searched for the 50 most cited meniscus articles. Data pertaining to bibliometric and publication characteristics were extracted and reported using descriptive statistics. The top 50 articles were published between the years 1941 and 2014 and collectively cited 13,152 times. The median (interquartile [IQR]) number of total citations per article was 203.5 (167.0–261.8), while the median citation rate was 9.6 (7.4–13.9) citations per year. The most cited article was “Knee joint changes after meniscectomy,” published in 1948. The article with the highest citation rate of 78.4 citations per year was “The long-term consequence of anterior cruciate ligaments and meniscus injuries – osteoarthritis,” published in 2007. The majority of articles were clinical outcome studies (n = 28, 56%). The top 50 most cited meniscus articles represent a compilation of highly influential articles which may augment reading curriculums and provide a strong knowledge base for orthopaedic surgery residents and fellows. The decade with the most articles was the 2000s, representing a recent acceleration in meniscus-based research. This is a level IV, cross-sectional study.

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