33. Concerning Trends of Pediatric Leprosy in Minas Gerais, Brazil and Associations with Number of Municipality Medical Facilities

Abstract Background Leprosy in children under 15 years of age, and in particular, the presence of leprosy grade 2 disability (G2D) in children, signifies ongoing transmission and the need for improved surveillance. Our objective was to describe the epidemiology of pediatric leprosy in Minas Gerais, Brazil and to explore associations with access to medical facilities. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Brazilian Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (SINAN) from 2002–2017. Incident cases were included if they resided in a municipality with both adult and pediatric cases. Municipalities were divided by the number of medical facilities per municipality: < 5, 5–17, and 18 or higher. Analyses compared pediatric cases across two time periods (2002–2009 and 2010–2017) and number of medical facilities / municipality using chi-square, t-tests, and logistic regression. Results A total of 27,725 cases were reported with 1,611 under 15 years of age. Overall incidence declined from 34.8 per 100,000 to 13.6 per 100,000 during the study period with pediatric incidence declining from 2.6 per 100,000 to 0.8 per 100,000. Time period 2 (TP2) showed an increase in the proportion of pediatric G2D (2.58% vs 1.91%, p < 0.0001) when compared to time period 1 (TP1). Mean age of diagnosis in children was younger in TP2 then in TP1 (10.06 vs 10.43, p=0.02). In 2017, the pediatric incidence in municipalities with the fewest medical facilities was 0.95 per 100,000 compared to 0.23 per 100,000 in municipalities with > 5 facilities (p=0.009). There was significantly higher odds of disability at diagnosis (grades 1 and 2) in pediatric cases residing in municipalities with < 5 medical facilities (aOR 1.88; 95% CI 1.37–2.59), adjusted for age and sex. See map (Fig 1). Figure 1. Cases of Pediatric Disability By Number of Municipality Medical Facilities from 2002–2017 (White areas without reported pediatric leprosy) Conclusion The increasing proportion of G2D in children in the second half of the study period despite declining incidence suggest occult infections among children and adults alike in Minas Gerais. Furthermore, the average age of diagnosis in children should increase, not decrease, if M. leprae transmission was truly declining. Lastly, the association between fewer municipality health facilities and increased disability suggest barriers to timely diagnosis and a critical area of focus for research into access to healthcare and leprosy risk. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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PREDICTORS OF INSOMNIA IN INDIVIDUALS WITH MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igz038.1734 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S464-S464

Author(s):

Meghan Mattos ◽

Eric M Davis ◽

Carol Manning

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Total Sample ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Data Set ◽

Specialized Care ◽

Using Data ◽

Cognitive Problems

Abstract Insomnia is a common disorder that affects up to 40% of people age 65 and older. Untreated insomnia can decrease quality of life, increase healthcare use, and exacerbate cognitive problems. Individuals with cognitive impairment experience more sleep disorders than those without cognitive concerns, yet little is known about insomnia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Our objective was to examine predictors of insomnia in persons with MCI (PwMCI). Using data from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set, a cross-sectional study of older PwMCI was conducted. Independent sample t-tests and contingency tables with chi-square tests of independence were used to examine differences between PwMCI with and without insomnia. Multivariate binary logistic modeling was performed. The total sample (N=1543) was comprised of 234 (15.1%) with clinician-reported insomnia and 1309 (84.9%) without insomnia. PwMCI and insomnia were more likely to be younger, take more medications, and smoke cigarettes (p.05). Three variables significantly predicted insomnia in PwMCI subjects in a multivariate model: active depression (OR 1.66, 95%CI 1.21, 2.27), active anxiety (OR 2.16, 95%CI 1.57, 2.99) and arthritis (OR 1.78, 95%CI 1.33, 2.39). Differences in predictors of insomnia in PwMCI highlight the need for geriatric and mental health specialists to provide specialized care to this population. Future studies should examine conversion of PwMCI with insomnia to dementia and the compounding effects of insomnia on cognition.

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Conhecimento de enfermeiros em relação a sepse: estudo transversal

Revista Recien - Revista Científica de Enfermagem ◽

10.24276/rrecien2021.11.34.160-167 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (34) ◽

pp. 160-167

Author(s):

André Luiz Silva Alvim ◽

Arley Lucas de Souza Nunes ◽

Lucas Rafael de Jesus Alves ◽

Michelle Bárbara Silva ◽

Rafaela Tamara Rocha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Formation Time ◽

Multiple Choice Questions ◽

Current Position ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Training Time ◽

Belo Horizonte

Analisar o conhecimento de enfermeiros em relação a sepse e as novas atualizações do consenso Sepsis-3. Estudo transversal realizado com 123 enfermeiros de um hospital geral localizado na região de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Foi aplicado um questionário estruturado com 10 questões de múltipla escolha. Analisou-se dados por meio de estatística descritiva, teste qui-quadrado e regressão logística múltipla. A idade dos participantes variou de 23 a 54 anos, com média de 34 (±7,4). A maioria era do sexo feminino (68,3%) com tempo de formação igual ou superior a 5 anos (50,4%). O tempo de formação (p=0,011) e período no cargo atual (p=0,006) foram associados ao conhecimento satisfatório em relação a Sepse. Conclui-se que o tempo de formação e o período no cargo atual tiveram relação com o conhecimento satisfatório, no entanto, os resultados precisam ser interpretados com cautela entre os participantes deste estudo.Descritores: Sepse, Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde, Sinais e Sintomas, Equipe de Enfermagem. Knowledge of nurses in relation to sepsis: a cross-section studyAbstract: To analyze the knowledge of nurses regarding sepsis and the new updates to the Sepsis-3 consensus. Cross-sectional study carried out with 123 nurses from a general hospital located in the region of Belo Horizont located in Minas Gerais, Brazil. A structured questionnaire with 10 multiple-choice questions was applied. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. The age of the participants ranged from 23 to 54 years, with an average of 34 (± 7.4). The majority were female (68.3%) with training time equal to or greater than 5 years (50.4%). Formation time (p=0.011) and period in current position (p=0.006) were associated with satisfactory knowledge in relation to Sepsis. The conclusion showed that formation time and the period in the current position were related to satisfactory knowledge, however, the results need to be interpreted with caution among the participants of this study.Descriptors: Sepsis, Quality of Health Care, Signs and Symptoms, Nursing Team. Conocimiento de enfermeras en relación con sepsis: un estudio transversalResumen: Analizar el conocimiento de las enfermeras sobre la sepsis y las nuevas actualizaciones del consenso Sepsis-3. Estudio transversal realizado con 123 enfermeras de un hospital general ubicado en la región de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Se aplicó un cuestionario estructurado con 10 preguntas de opción múltiple. Los datos se analizaron mediante estadística descriptiva, prueba de ji cuadrado y regresión logística múltiple. La edad de los participantes osciló entre 23 y 54 años, con un promedio de 34 (±7,4). La mayoría eran mujeres (68.3%) con un tiempo de entrenamiento igual o mayor a 5 años (50.4%). El tiempo de entrenamiento (p=0,011) y el período en la posición actual (p=0,006) se asociaron con un conocimiento satisfactorio en relación con la sepsis. La conclusión mostro que el tiempo transcurrido desde la graduación y el período en el puesto actual se relacionaron con un conocimiento satisfactorio, sin embargo, los resultados deben interpretarse con cautela entre los participantes de este estudio.Descriptores: Sepsis, Calidad de la Atención de Salud, Signos y Síntomas, Grupo de Enfermería.

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Pattern of Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay Antinuclear Antibody in Pediatric Lupus Nephritis

International Journal of Integrated Health Sciences ◽

10.15850/ijihs.v8n1.1911 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 38-42

Author(s):

Fadhila Novianti ◽

Reni Ghrahani ◽

Noormarina Indraswari

Keyword(s):

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Medical Records ◽

Renal Involvement ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Immunofluorescence Assay ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Pediatric Lupus ◽

Using Data

Objective: To determine the association between Anti-Nuclear Antibody (ANA) pattern in pediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients and proteinuria as a sign of renal involvement in SLE. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, using data from medical records involving 89 newly diagnosed with SLE (aged ≤ 18 years) in Department of Child Health Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, from January 1st 2018 to June 30th 2019. Data of ANA pattern and proteinuria were collected from medical record. ANA pattern was examined by Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA) method. Chi-square was used to analyze the association between ANA pattern and proteinuria as a sign of renal involvement in pediatric SLE patients. Results: There were 89 patients, consisting of 7 male (7.9%) and 82 female (92.%) with median age of 14 (IQR=12-16). There were only 44 pattern of ANA as follow: homogenous 56.8%, speckled 36.4%, and nucleolar 6.8%. However, there is no significant association between homogenous pattern with proteinuria events (p=0.831). Conclusions: Homogenous pattern was the most frequent ANA pattern in children with SLE, and the pattern has no association with proteinuria events.

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Prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em escolares de um colégio militar

Revista de Educação Física / Journal of Physical Education ◽

10.37310/ref.v88i3.846 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 88 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Patrícia Paixão Fayer ◽

Maria Marta Conrado ◽

Luciano Miranda ◽

Renato Melo Ferreira ◽

Everton Rocha Soares ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Statistical Significance ◽

Age Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

The Body ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Military College

Introdução: Nas últimas décadas aumentou o número de pessoas acima do peso, incluindo crianças e adolescentes, fato que é considerado preocupante, pois pode acarretar diversas doenças crônicas, em longo prazo.Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em escolares de um colégio militar, investigando possíveis diferenças entre os sexos e as faixas etárias.Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, transversal, do qual participaram 381 escolares de um colégio militar de Minas Gerais, de 11 a 17 anos, sendo 213 meninos e 168 meninas. Calculou-se o índice de massa corporal (IMC) que foi classificado segundo o PROESP-BR. Para testar diferenças entre os sexos, utilizou-se o teste do Qui-Quadrado (X2) e para testar a relação entre idade e IMC, utilizou-se a correlação de Pearson. Significância estatística: p < 0,05.Resultados: Foi observado sobrepeso em 17,8% (n = 68) e de obesidade em 5,8% (n = 22) dos escolares. Houve correlação positiva entre a idade cronológica e o IMC (r = 0,32; p < 0,0001). Não houve correlação entre estado nutricional e faixa etária. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os sexos, em relação ao sobrepeso e à obesidade (16,9% e 6,6% nos meninos vs. 19,0% e 4,8% nas meninas, respectivamente).Conclusão: A prevalência sobrepeso e obesidade nos escolares do colégio militar, em conjunto, foi de 23,6%, tanto nos meninos quanto nas meninas, sem diferença significativa entre as faixas etárias. Essa prevalência foi similar à média de escolares brasileiros.Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Students of a Military SchoolIntroduction: Over the past few decades, the number of overweight people, including children and adolescents has increased significantly, a fact that is considered worrying, as it can lead to several chronic diseases in the long term.Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of overweight and obesity in schoolchildren of a military college, investigating possible differences between sexes and age groups.Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional study was carried out in which 381 students from a military school in Minas Gerais, aged 11 to 17 years, were 213 boys and 168 girls. The body mass index (BMI) was calculated according to the PROESP-BR. To test for gender differences, the Chi-square test (X2) was used and Pearson's correlation was used to test the relationship between age and BMI. Statistical significance: p <0.05.Results: Overweight was observed in 17.8% (n = 68) and obesity in 5.8% (n = 22) of the students. There was a positive correlation between chronological age and BMI (r = 0.32; p <0.0001). There was no correlation between nutritional status and age range. No significant differences were observed between genders regarding overweight and obesity (16.9% and 6.6% in boys vs. 19.0% and 4.8% in girls, respectively).Conclusion: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in the students of the military college, together, was 23.6% in both boys and girls, with no significant difference between age groups. This prevalence was similar to the average of Brazilian schoolchildren.

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Prevalence of the use of homeopathy by the population of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Sao Paulo Medical Journal ◽

10.1590/s1516-31802009000600002 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 127 (6) ◽

pp. 329-334 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

João Felício Rodrigues-Neto ◽

Maria Fernanda Santos Figueiredo ◽

Anderson Antônio de Faria

Keyword(s):

Statistical Significance ◽

Female Gender ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Self Healing ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Student’S T

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Homeopathy is a therapeutic system that uses small doses of substances to stimulate autoregulatory and self-healing processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of the use of homeopathy by the population of Montes Claros, Brazil, and the socioeconomic profile of users. DESIGN AND SETTING: Probabilistic cross-sectional study with cluster sampling, in the city of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais. METHODS: This study was conducted by applying semi-structured questionnaires. The sample was composed of 3,080 people. For the statistical analysis, Student's t test and the chi-square test were used. The statistical significance level used was P < 0.05. RESULTS: We interviewed 3,090 people. The prevalence of the use of homeopathy was 2.4%. The factors associated with its use were female gender, schooling and income. The main reason that led to seeking homeopathy was "Conventional treatment did not have any effect". For 70.2% of the users, the cost of the treatment was considered reasonable or cheap. About 73% were satisfied or very satisfied with the treatment received through homeopathy. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of the use of homeopathy found here was less than that reported in other countries. People with higher income and schooling levels used homeopathy more frequently. There was higher prevalence among women. Most users declared themselves satisfied with the treatment received.

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Aging and quality of life of elderly people in rural areas

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0149 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 71 (suppl 2) ◽

pp. 724-732 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Juliana Ladeira Garbaccio ◽

Luís Antônio Batista Tonaco ◽

Wilson Goulart Estêvão ◽

Bárbara Jacome Barcelos

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Elderly People ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Financial Support ◽

Good Health ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the quality of life and health of elderly in rural areas of Minas Gerais State’s center-west. Method: Cross-sectional study, in four municipalities of Minas Gerais State, by interviewing elderly people. Associations between socio-demographic and quality of life variables were tested, separated into “satisfactory”/“unsatisfactory” with values from the median of positive answers. It was used the chi-square test, Fisher’s test and regression. Results: 182 elderly answered the questions and showed a relation with the “satisfactory” quality of life - bivariate (p < 0.05): age by 69 years (61.6%), married (61.7%), living by 54 years in rural areas (68%), with no financial support (59.5%), living with someone else (61%), non-smoker (60%), presenting good health (76.7%), satisfied with life (69.6%); regression: not having financial support, living with someone else and not smoking. Conclusion: Elderly people in rural areas present good quality of life/health in the cognitive aspect, access to services, goods, habits, but awareness must be constant due to their weakness.

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Prevalence and predictors of obesity-related cancers among racial/ethnic groups with metabolic syndrome

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0249188 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. e0249188

Author(s):

Shanada Monestime ◽

Bettina Beech ◽

Dulcie Kermah ◽

Keith Norris

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Income Insurance ◽

Unit Increase ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Race Ethnicity ◽

Using Data

Background Obesity-related cancer (ORC) is associated with higher amounts of body fat, which could increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). A significant factor associated with CVD is metabolic syndrome (MetS), and MetS prevalence differs by race/ethnicity. The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence and predictors of ORCs by race/ethnicity among adults (>18) with MetS. Methods This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study using data from the 1999–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). A chi-square test was performed to determine differences in ORC prevalence between non-Hispanic White (NHW), non-Hispanic Black (NHB), and Hispanic participants with MetS. A multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate predictors (race, sex, income, insurance, education, marital status, and smoking status) of ORC among adults with MetS. Results Of the 1,554 adults, the prevalence of ORC was 30.6% among NHWs, 51.3% in NHBs, and 54.1% in Hispanics (p = <0.001). Females were 6.27 times more likely to have an ORC compared to males (95% CI = 4.95–14.11). Compared to NHWs, NHBs were 2.1 times more likely to have an ORC (95% CI = 1.40–3.38); and Hispanics were 2.5 times more likely (95% CI = 1.39–4.77). For every 1-year unit increase in age, the odds of ORC increased by 3% (95% CI = 1.00–1.05). Conclusions Among NHANES participants with MetS, the prevalence of ORCs was significantly higher in NHBs and Hispanics, females, and older adults with MetS. Future studies, by race/ethnicity, are warranted on mortality risk of persons with MetS and ORC.

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Personal Audio System: Hearing Symptoms, Habits, and Sound Pressure Levels Measured in Real Ear and a Manikin

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00053 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 63 (6) ◽

pp. 2016-2026

Author(s):

Tamara R. Almeida ◽

Clayton H. Rocha ◽

Camila M. Rabelo ◽

Raquel F. Gomes ◽

Ivone F. Neves-Lobo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sound Pressure ◽

Daily Basis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Normal Hearing ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Real ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Sound Pressure Levels ◽

Audio System

Purpose The aims of this study were to characterize hearing symptoms, habits, and sound pressure levels (SPLs) of personal audio system (PAS) used by young adults; estimate the risk of developing hearing loss and assess whether instructions given to users led to behavioral changes; and propose recommendations for PAS users. Method A cross-sectional study was performed in 50 subjects with normal hearing. Procedures included questionnaire and measurement of PAS SPLs (real ear and manikin) through the users' own headphones and devices while they listened to four songs. After 1 year, 30 subjects answered questions about their usage habits. For the statistical analysis, one-way analysis of variance, Tukey's post hoc test, Lin and Spearman coefficients, the chi-square test, and logistic regression were used. Results Most subjects listened to music every day, usually in noisy environments. Sixty percent of the subjects reported hearing symptoms after using a PAS. Substantial variability in the equivalent music listening level (Leq) was noted ( M = 84.7 dBA; min = 65.1 dBA, max = 97.5 dBA). A significant difference was found only in the 4-kHz band when comparing the real-ear and manikin techniques. Based on the Leq, 38% of the individuals exceeded the maximum daily time allowance. Comparison of the subjects according to the maximum allowed daily exposure time revealed a higher number of hearing complaints from people with greater exposure. After 1 year, 43% of the subjects reduced their usage time, and 70% reduced the volume. A volume not exceeding 80% was recommended, and at this volume, the maximum usage time should be 160 min. Conclusions The habit of listening to music at high intensities on a daily basis seems to cause hearing symptoms, even in individuals with normal hearing. The real-ear and manikin techniques produced similar results. Providing instructions on this topic combined with measuring PAS SPLs may be an appropriate strategy for raising the awareness of people who are at risk. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12431435

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IDENTIFIKASI SERTA HUBUNGAN KONSTRUKSI SUMUR GALI TERHADAP KANDUNGAN COLIFORM PADA AIR SUMUR GALI DI DUSUN JIKEN KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR

Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi ◽

10.33394/bjib.v7i2.2371 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 115

Author(s):

Dini Yuliansari

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Coliform Bacteria ◽

Well Water ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Content Variable ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Dug Wells ◽

Dug Well ◽

The Relationship

The well is one of the source water used for bathing, washing, and drinking by the citizens in Jiken Hamlet, Rarang Village, Terara Sub-District. Poor dug well construction conditions can affect the amount of coliform bacteria contained in the dug well water. The purpose of this study is to identify the construction of dug wells and the content of coliform bacteria in dug well water and determine the relationship between dug well construction and the content of coliform bacteria. This research is analytic with a cross sectional study design. The results were obtained from 11 samples of dug wells which were observed in construction and the coliform content was known that all samples did not requirements as good dug well construction. Coliform content test results showed that as many as 5 dug well water samples did not pass the clean water quality standards. The results of data analysis with the chi-square test variable construction of dug wells with coliform content variable showed 0,172 > 0,05, then the concluded is the dug well not suitable to use by people in that area as a source of water for daily needs.

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Socio-Demographic Factors and Health-Related Behaviors Associated with Gerontology

GIS Business ◽

10.26643/gis.v14i6.11943 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 359-370

Author(s):

Dr. Ravi S. Dalawai

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Work Culture ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Social ◽

Health Related ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Current Scenario ◽

Socio Demographic Factors ◽

Insight Into

Indian population is in growing trend from 942.2 million in 1994 to 1.36 billion in 2019.Among this six per cent of India's population was of the age 65 and above (UNFPA, 2019). Today the work culture is totally changed. Both husband and wife are forced to work in the current scenario and unable to take care of their parents. The changing structure created increased problems for old age people leads to loneliness, psychological, physical health and financial insecurity. The study paper provides insight into the social and demographic factor and health related sickness of the oldest people. This research explained the cross-sectional study included a representative sample (n=116) of adults aged ≥60 years. The sample was chosen using a four-stage stratified random-cluster survey sampling method .The Chi Square test and ANOVA test was analyzed using SPSS20.

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